• Title/Summary/Keyword: 공통상황도

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The Analysis of Children's Understanding of Addition and Subtraction of Fractions (분수의 덧셈과 뺄셈에 대한 아동의 이해 분석)

  • Kim, Kyung-Mi;Whang, Woo-Hyung
    • Communications of Mathematical Education
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.707-734
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    • 2009
  • The purpose of the study was to investigate how children understand addition and subtraction of fractions and how their understanding influences the solutions of fractional word problems. Twenty students from 4th to 6th grades were involved in the study. Children's understanding of operations with fractions was categorized into "joining", "combine" and "computational procedures (of fraction addition)" for additions, "taking away", "comparison" and "computational procedures (of fraction subtraction)" for subtractions. Most children understood additions as combining two distinct sets and subtractions as removing a subset from a given set. In addition, whether fractions had common denominators or not did not affect how they interpret operations with fractions. Some children understood the meanings for addition and subtraction of fractions as computational procedures of each operation without associating these operations with the particular situations (e.g. joining, taking away). More children understood addition and subtraction of fractions as a computational procedure when two fractions had different denominators. In case of addition, children's semantic structure of fractional addition did not influence how they solve the word problems. Furthermore, we could not find any common features among children with the same understanding of fractional addition while solving the fractional word problems. In case of subtraction, on the other hand, most children revealed a tendency to solve the word problems based on their semantic structure of the fractional subtraction. Children with the same understanding of fractional subtraction showed some commonalities while solving word problems in comparison to solving word problems involving addition of fractions. Particularly, some children who understood the meaning for addition and subtraction of fractions as computational procedures of each operation could not successfully solve the word problems with fractions compared to other children.

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Meaning of the Expression a:b=c:d and Implications for Teaching (비례식 a:b=c:d의 의미 분석과 학습 지도에의 시사점)

  • Yim, Jaehoon
    • Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.273-288
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    • 2019
  • This study focuses on understanding proportionality, in particular, what constitutes relational understanding of a:b=c:d, which is called proportional expression. The meanings of a:b=c:d are analyzed and some suggestions are offered for improving the teaching and learning of it. The equation a:b=c:d has three different meanings. First, it represents two different structures in one proportional situation. Second, it represents a common structure in two different proportional situations. Finally, it represents a number or a quantity underlying in different proportional situations. It is important to choose and use a unit flexibly to understand the first and the second meanings of a:b=c:d, Double strip diagram and double number line are useful to visualize the meanings of a:b=c:d. In addition, what a number or a quantity in the third meaning of a:b=c:d refers to in proportional situations should be emphasized in teaching and learning of a:b=c:d.

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A Formal Framework for Context-Aware System Modeling (상황인식 시스템 모델링을 위한 정형화 프레임워크)

  • Cho, Eun-Sun;Min, Young-Mok
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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    • v.46 no.2
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    • pp.114-123
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    • 2009
  • Context-aware systems are reactive computing systems, aware of external context. Considering various sensors and actuators connected, application programming on top of such systems is known to be much more complex than in contentional ones. This paper suggests a formal framework for context-aware systems, by extracting their common properties. That makes a useful birds-eye view for the behaviors of a whole complex system, as a base for a convenient developing environment and systematic analysis. In this framework, reactive-ness is handled by event-condition-action rules and global state-transitions, which are essential in a lot of context-aware applications. In addition, behaviors of each elementary device are modelled with its own state-transitions, and tightly bound to the entire task.

Analysis on Contents and Problem solving methods of Fraction Division in Korean Elementary Mathematics Textbooks (우리나라 초등 수학 교과서에 제시된 분수 나눗셈 내용과 해결 방법 분석)

  • Lee, Daehyun
    • Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.105-124
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    • 2022
  • The contents of fraction division in textbooks are important because there were changes in situations and problem solving methods in textbooks according to the revision of the curriculum and the contents of textbooks affect students' learning directly. So, this study analyzed the achievement standards of the curriculum and formula types and situations, and the introduction process of non-standard and standard algorithms presented in Korean mathematics textbooks. The results are follows: there was little difference in the achievement standards of the curriculum, but there was a difference in the arrangement of contents by grades in textbooks. There was a difference in the types of formula according to textbooks. And the situation became more diverse; recent textbooks have changed to the direction of using the non-standard and the standard algorithm in parallel. In conclusion, I proposed categorizing rather than splitting the types of fraction division, the connection of non-standard and standard algorithm, and the need to prepare methods to pursue generalization and justification according to the common characteristics in the process of introducing standard algorithm.

ITS기반 도로교통 안전시스템 정착을 위한 아.태 지역의 공동 대응방안

  • Yang, Geung-Hwan;Lee, Yong-Taek
    • Transportation Technology and Policy
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.161-171
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    • 2008
  • 아시아의 도시교통사고는 빠른 인구증가와 경제성장으로 인한 자동차 보급 확대로 인해 OECD 국가에 비해 2${\sim}$3배 높은 수준으로 교통사고절감을 위한 대안 마련이 시급한 실정이다. 이에 본고에서는 ITS기반 도로교통 안전시스템의 정착을 통해서 아시아 도시의 공통된 교통안전문제를 해소하기 위한 공동대응방안을 제시하고 있다. 이를 요약하면, 첫째, 도로사고와 ITS관계를 규명하고 사고요인을 도로상에서 제거할 수 있는 ITS기술을 소개하였다. 교통사고원인의 95%가 운전자관련인자로 나타나 운전자관련 ITS요소기술(HMI 등)의 개발이 시급한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 현재 도로 안전분야에서 적용 가능한 실용기술로는 돌발상황관리시스템, 충돌경고시스템, 비상연락시스템, 단속시스템 등인 것으로 판단된다. 둘째, ITS기반 도로교통 안전시스템의 조기 정착을 위해서는 기존 조직 법 제도의 정비가 필요하다. 아시아 도시에서는 ITS 도입 초기 정부주도형으로 추진하는 것이 바람직한데, 이를 위해서는 정부조직 내 ITS 전담기구 (Headquarter)를 신설하고, 도로안전 ITS관련 법령 및 ITS Master Plan에 근거한 권한과 사업, 예산을 확보해야한다. 또한 인프라 및 ITS 구축 운영과 함께 RSA(Road Safety Audit)와 같은 선진안전제도 시스템을 벤치마킹하여 국내 현실에 맞도록 접목시켜 나가야한다. 셋째, 교통관제 (광역)정보센터, 버스센터, 구간속도단속 등 혁신적인 도로안전사업을 지속적으로 발굴 확충하여 노하우를 축적해야 한다. 넷째, 아시아 도시의 공통된 교통문제를 해소하기 위한 공동대응방안을 마련하기 위하여 각국의 노하우를 전파하고 공유하는 창구로 아시아 태평양지역 ITS포럼을 더욱 육성해야 하겠다.

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A study on Establishing National Defence Shared Data Environment (SHADE) (국방 데이터공유환경 구축에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Hak-Rae;Lee, Sang-Hoon;Lee, Tae-Kong
    • Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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    • 2002.11c
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    • pp.1725-1728
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    • 2002
  • 국방부는 90년대 후반부터 국방정보체계 구축사업을 본격적으로 추진하면서 정보체계의 상호운용성 문제를 심각하게 인식하고 상호운용성을 보장하는 국방 정보체계를 구축하기 위하여 많은 노력을 추진하고 있다. 상호운용성을 보장하는 정보체계를 구축하기 위한 목표를 국방통합정보체계 구축으로 설정하고 이를 구성하는 요소로 국방정보체계표준, 공통운용환경, 데이터공유환경을 식별하고, 이를 구축하기 위해 추진하고 있다. 이들 가운데 국방정보체계표준은 선정되어, 국방전반에 대하여 효력을 발휘하고 있으며, 공통운용환경은 우리의 국방환경에 적합한 추진방향을 선정하였으나, 데이터공유환경을 구축하기 위한 전략 및 방법에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 선진국의 추진사례와 우리나라 국방 현실에 대한 분석을 통하여 우리의 현실에 맞는 데이터공유환경(SHADE)를 구축하기 위한 전략 및 방법을 제시하며, 그 내용으로는 먼저 현 국방 데이터 관리 실태 분석을 통하여 현 상황을 인식한 후, 구축하고자 하는 목표을 설정하고, 이러한 목표를 달성하기 위한 추진 전략 및 방향, 업무와 관련된 조직 및 인원에 대한 임무, 단계별 추진 과제 등을 식별하고 데이터공유가 요구되는 조직 및 체계에 적용가능한 데이터 관리 절차와 데이터 상호운용성을 만족시키기 위한 접근방법을 제시한다.

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Oil Painting Analysis with Statistical Characteristics of Acquired Image (통계적 특성을 이용한 획득 영상의 정보 해석 : 유화의 영상 정보를 중심으로)

  • Ryu, Ho;Moon, Il-young
    • Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.163-167
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    • 2018
  • Probabilistic approach is applied to the experiment of Probability Density Function to get the information. Especially this method will be useful to make the montage to compare similarity. But in the case of art painting, it is more difficult than montage image. In this case, we should study the habit of painter with characteristic point in the paintings. Especially we will study characteristic point in the oil paintings to decide truth or falsehood in this paper.

Theoretical Background of Games for Social Change (사회 변화를 촉구하는 기능성 게임의 이론적 배경)

  • Chu, Jean Ho
    • Journal of Korea Game Society
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.55-64
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    • 2022
  • Serious games are developed under particular purpose. This study provides a theoretical background on serious games for social change as a basis for future experiments and practice. By examining the elements of games and related theories, narrative immersion and critical participation are identified as the two main experiences of games, which are realized through role play. Based on educational theories for behavioral and cognitive change, this study suggests to use role play as a strategy on serious games for social change. Analyzing the cases of serious games in Korea, this study concludes that participants are able to experience the context of the situation through role play.

A Note on the revise ICT curriculum (초.중등학교정보통신기술교육운영지침의 개정방안)

  • Kim, Chong-Woo
    • 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2011.01a
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    • pp.159-166
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    • 2011
  • This study was performed to compare and to analyze the contents validity on the unit related in computer of practical arts education text of the 7th national curriculum, to look deep into the problem on contents and to propose the strategy of reformation, to suggest in strategies for development of subject for the 8th national curriculum in our society on current IT-based. And this thesis suggests the revised operating guide of ICT education according to 2009 curriculum and new IT-environment.

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Using the common-WBS based on the Construction Classification System for the integration of Schedule and Cost information (공정-내역정보 연계를 위한 통합건설정보분류체계기반의 공통WBS 활용방안 -도로공사 사례를 중심으로-)

  • Yun, Seok-Heon;Kim, Seong-Sig
    • Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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    • v.6 no.6 s.28
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    • pp.107-114
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    • 2005
  • The time and cost is the most important information for the construction project management. Currently, a lot of studies have been done in order to clearly relate them with each other, but there have been some difficulties. Because of the characteristic of Korean government contract law, the construction project in Korea is managed by only cost and the time and cost information is distinctly separated. In order to manage all the major construction project information smoothly, the time and cost information should have relation with each other. This study suggest methods for relating the time and cost information, especially for road construction project of MOCT. Through the survey of construction field engineers and case study of the road construction project, several alternatives to improve the usability of construction information are suggested in this study. These alternatives can support relating other construction information.