• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate earth science pre-service teachers' perceptions and educational utilization of geoparks. It is intended to provide implications of geopark education in the current curriculum and effective geopark education. Education using geoparks has the effect of helping students cultivate inquiry and learning skills, enhancing students' participation in classes. To provide education with these results, it is necessary to deliver meanings of the geopark education to of earth science pre-service teachers who will educate future generations. However, despite the advantages and needs of geopark education, earth science pre-service teachers lack an understanding of geoparks. In this study, 56 pre-service teachers enrolled in earth science education at a university in Gyeongsangbuk-do were investigated for: their perception levels of geoparks, experience, necessity, and learning method of geopark education. As a result, earth science pre-service teachers were well aware of the geoparks, but they lacked knowledge of domestic and global geoparks, confirming the need for geopark education. Currently, the degree of geopark education in the secondary curriculum is insufficient, and earth science pre-service teachers feel the need for it. However, since the understanding of geopark is lacking, support for geopark education is needed. Earth science pre-service teachers being positive about the need for geopark education, it is expected that geopark education will be active in the field of earth science, social, and comparison education when they become teachers in the future.

• 공원문화
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• s.7
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• pp.33-37
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• 1977

• 공원문화
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• s.7
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• pp.38-39
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• 1977

1877년 3월 2일 개최된 제15차 국립공원심의회는 전라북도가 제안한 대둔산도립공원지정안을 심의하고 자연경관미가 수려한 산악풍경지로서 보호관리의 필요성이 인정되는 대둔산지역을 도립공원으로 의결하였고 건설부는 우리나라 11번째의 도립공원으로 지정공고하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.31-45
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• 2023

As the Private-initiated Park Development Project (PPDP) is being actively implemented, there are concerns about the deterioration of ecosystem services due to the development of long-term unexecuted urban parks. This study aims to analyze the impact of the PPDP on the ecosystem services of urban parks by examining Central Park, which is PPDP No. 1 in Gwangju, Gyeonggi-do. A study was conducted using system thinking to comprehensively understand the changes in the ecosystem services due to the PPDP. As a result of the study, the first reason for implementing the PPDP was the local government's lack of financing. Second, it was found that the creation of urban parks through the PPDP initially deteriorated cultural services yet improved them over time, while the regulating and supporting services continued to decline. Third, trade-offs appeared between urban parks' ecosystem services (i.e.., cultural services, regulating services, and supporting services). Through this, it was confirmed that it is necessary to prepare measures for planning and managing urban parks that can reduce the trade-off between the ecosystem services of urban parks. The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to understand the relationship between environmental changes and ecosystem services over time when establishing urban park creation plans and management.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.19-32
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• 2014

This study evaluated economic value recognized by the residents for the pleasant urban park management using contingent valuation method(CVM) to APEC Memorial Park in Pusan in terms of private fund development for the management of the city park. As a result, the estimated amount payable by each household for the management of APEC Memorial Park in Busan was between 5,673 won and 8,358 won. If such amount is expanded to households in park hosting area, it was 2.2~2.3 times of the park management budget in 2012, which demonstrates the willingness to pay (WTP) of residents for pleasant park was higher than the management budget. Social factors of respondents affecting WTP for city park management operation included age, educational level and income level. Those with high age and high education level had higher WTP. And, WTP was much affected by the use of park and recognition of residents. In particular, those with high frequency in the use of parks had higher WTP, and the users with more than once per week had 1.1 times higher WTP than overall WTP. Then, the satisfaction of park rather than recognition of necessity of park had led to higher WTP. Accordingly, it is necessary to manage park facility management and use program operation to enhance park satisfaction and it is also required to develop a park culture distribution policy to link such recognition to donation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.60-72
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• 2016

This study aims to suggest strategies of development and management for large parks by examining experimental cases of park governance models related to a shift away from public administration. The shifts towards governance as well as public-private partnership in city parks have involved the need for new public management. This study has analyzed two exemplary cases of Presidio Park and Sydney Harbour National Park in the aspects of planning process and management strategies, as the results derived the meaning and effect of park governance management and is also an essential prerequisite for the achievement of the model. There are six dimensions of research frames--namely policy, governance, partnership, finances and funds, design and maintenance-management, and evaluation-monitoring-taken as the basis for this study. Through the analysis, several key characteristics of these cases were elicited. First, the park planning process must be consistent in carrying a policy from planning to implementation, and furthermore, an independent operation body which can properly authorize an execution and uphold its responsibility from the public could serve in adaptable park services. Second, it has been suggested to build various partnerships with PAs and NGOs, private corporations, community groups, and academic institutes that allow it to expand the diversity of the park activities. Third, there has been experimental exploration to achieve a financially self-sufficient model by establishing internal revenue models and hence allow the reduction of reliance on public finances. The result of this type of park management would allow for improving park quality and make the park space a vital part of the local economy. Fourth, the strategies for a local community's participation are needed to allow the community to become a producer as well as a consumer. This study shows that the direction and significance of the park governance model regarding the fact that the plans sought by the two parks are extending the layout of public-centered discussion to the private sector and the third non-governmental sector including to the local community group. This shows both implications and limitations, such as the risk of privatization through non-governmental activities at the park or the violation of essential functions as a public good due to a profit-generating management policy for securing financial self-sufficiency. At the current point in which plans are under way for the development and management of large parks, a park governance model requires continuous study and expansion of discussion in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.68-80
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• 2016

This study analyzed the influence of the perception of physical environment on user satisfaction and park use when people use the park to improve their health. The study is focused on neighborhood parks in Suseong-gu, Daegu city. Statistical analyses were employed to data collected from 143 visitors on site. First of all, in the perception evaluation of the physical environment of the park, accessibility and pedestrian environment are the highest at 4.04, while water space and attractions in the park as the lowest parts are at 2.32 and 2.66. After conduct factor analysis to type 22 physical environmental awareness components, five main factors--Comfort, Availability, Amenity, Facilities convenience and Visuality--were classified. Then, satisfaction and influence on park use were analyzed. As a result, the factors affecting user satisfaction were comfort, availability, amenity and facility convenience. Among them, the category of amenity was the most influential factor at 0.315. The factors affecting the park use were availability and amenity. Availability factor had a higher influence at 0.396 than amenity at 0.293. Therefore, in order to improve satisfaction and park use for health improvement, it is necessary to secure sufficient green areas and create a pleasant environment. Also, it is necessary to improve the quality of walkability from homes to parks, trail improvement and other improvements.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.13-29
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• 2023

Urban parks are social infrastructure supporting citizens' health, quality of life, and community formation. As the proportion of urban parks that have been established for more than 20 years is increasing, the need for refurbishment to improve the physical space environment and enhance the functions of aging urban parks is increasing. Since the government's refurbishment of aging urban parks has limitations in securing financial resources and promoting attractiveness, they must be promoted through public-private partnerships. Japan, which suffered from the problem of aging urban parks, has successfully promoted several park refurbishment projects by introducing the Park-PFI through the revision of the 「Urban Park Act」 in 2017. This study examines and analyzes the characteristics of the Japan Park-PFI as an alternative to improving the quality of aging domestic urban park services through public-private partnerships and the validity of the aging urban park refurbishment projects through Park-PFI. The main findings are as follows. First, it is necessary to start discussions on introducing Japan's Park-PFI according to the domestic conditions as a means of public-private partnership to improve the service quality and diversify the functions of aging urban parks. In order to introduce Park-PFI social discussions and follow-up studies on the deterioration of urban parks. Must be conducted. The installation of private capital and profit facilities and improvements of related regulations, such as the 「Parks and Green Spaces Act」 and the 「Public Property Act」, is required. Second, it is judged that the Park-PFI project is a policy alternative that can enhance the benefits to citizens, local governments, and private operators under the premise that the need to refurbish aging urban parks is high and the location is suitable for promoting the project. As a result of a pilot application of the Park-PFI project to Seyeong Park, an aging urban park located in Bupyeong-gu, Incheon, it was analyzed to be profitable in terms of the profitability index (PI), net present value (FNPV), and internal rate of return (FIRR). It is considered possible to participate in the business sector. At the local government level, private capital is used to improve the physical space environment of aging urban parks, as well as the refurbishment of the urban parks by utilizing financial resources generated by returning a portion of the facility usage fees and profits (0.5% of annual sales) of private operators. It was found that management budgets could be secured.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.107-117
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• 2016

In this study, six historical parks in Seoul is analyzed. Based on the analysis, the representative values of the historical parks in Seoul draw three criteria such as historicity, educational attributes, and sociality, and also the type of historic and cultural resources, spatial functions and arrangements, circulation and accessibility, and the type and usage of introduced facilities. Consequently the current status and improvement plan is suggested as follows. First, cultural assets oriented historical parks such as Sayuksin Bongeun and Seonnongdan historical Park focus on the management based on the preservation of historic and cultural resources. Non designated cultural heritages oriented historic parks such as Shingye Yanghwajin Itaewon-bugundang historic park should focus on the usages the symbolize and commemorate historic and cultural resources. Second, Careful attitudes on the historicity of the park are needed in the mixed type of historic and cultural resources that determine the identity such as Yanghwajin Itaewon-bugundang historic park. Third, the rate of facilities in Bongeun and Shingye historical park is increased due to the renovation of religion facilities, rather than the neighborhood parks. The autonomy of regulations that does not have the limits of the area of park facilities weaken the publicity of the historical parks. Fourth, Shingye historical park suggest changing its name into Danggogae martyrs' shrine historical park. because its historic and cultural resources are included as the historic park is named. Fifth, the current problems such as numerous uncontrolled entrances, mixed uses in circulation, and accessible failure due to the closure are recognized. Therefore, the entrances and circulations should be articulated clearly in order to increase opportunities of experience for visitors in the historic and cultural resources, and also neighborhood facility should be suitably divided. Sixth, the park facilities in the neighborhood parks are introduced equally in Seoul historical parks. The uses and arrangements that considered the circumstance of the historical parks should be determined in the cultural facilities such as outdoor music hall and sporting facilities. Seventh, historic facilities that named historic hall, culture hall, memorial hall, and promotion hall in the historic parks are utilized for convenience and religion facilities. Institutional framework should be examined to keep publicity in the historic parks by spatial privatization of the specific group.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.318-326
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• 2022

The Convention on Biodiversity (CBD) recommends that 17% of the land be designated as a protected area to counter global environmental problems. Korea also realized a need to designate protected areas according to the international level and explain the significance of designating protected areas. Accordingly, studies on ecosystem services are required. In Korea, the protected areas are designated as national parks, provincial parks, and county parks by hierarchy under the Natural Parks Act. However, as priority was on political and administrative aspects, research on ecosystem service value evaluation and habitat management were concentrated in national parks, and provincial and county parks were relatively neglected. Therefore, more studies on provincial and county parks are necessary. In this study, habitat quality for Gajisan Provincial Park, where there were few studies on habitat management and ecosystem service valuation, was evaluated using the InVEST Habitat Quality model among the InVEST models. The analysis results were compared with 16 mountainous national parks. The results showed that the habitat quality value of Gajisan Provincial Park was 0.83, higher than that of the surrounding areas. The analysis of habitat quality in three districts showed 0,84 for the Tongdosa and Naewonsa districts and 0.83 for the Seoknamsa district. By use district, the nature conservation district, the natural environment district, the cultural heritage district, and the park village district had the highest habitat quality value in that order. Compared with the existing habitat quality analysis results of national parks, Gajisan Provincial Park showed naturalness at the level of Mudeungsan National Park. These results can be used as objective data for establishing policies and management plans to preserve biodiversity and promote ecosystem services in provincial parks.