• 사료
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• s.50
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• pp.71-74
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• 2011

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.291-298
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• 2013

Conjugated linoleic acid methylester was synthesized through isomerization of linoleic acid methylester by using heterogeneous catalysts. As for heterogeneous catalysts, Ni supported zeolite type catalysts were used. H zoelite Y (HY) were ion exchanged with KCl aqueous solution to synthesize K zeolite Y (KY), and with impregnation method, Ni supported zeolite catalysts were synthesized. Catalysts were used after pre-treatment by using hydrogen. HY catalysts showed a high conversion at low temperatures; but a low selectivity for conjugation reaction. KY catalysts showed a low conversion at low temperatures; but a similar conversion with HY catalysts at high temperatures while a high selectivity at low temperatures. As a result, 4 wt% Ni/KY720 recorded the high conjugation yield of 63.4% at 220.

• 축산식품과학과 산업
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.37-48
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• 2014

• Proceedings of the Korean Nutrition Society Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.170.1-170
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• 2001

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.231-240
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• 2015

In this study, a total of 16 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from fermented foods. Among those strains, the S48 and P1201 strains were capable of producing higher CLA contents than other LABs. The two strains were classified as Lactobacillus plantarum based on morphological, physiological, chemotaxonomic, and molecular-genetic properties. The survival rates of these strain appeared to be 59.57% and 62.22% under artificial gastric conditions after 4 h at pH 2.5, respectively. These strains produced the cis-9, trans-11, and trans-10, cis-12 CLA isomers from 8% skim milk medium supplemented with the different free LA concentration at $37^{\circ}C$ for 48 h and the production of two CLA isomers constantly increased in the growth until 48 h of incubation. After 48 h of fermentation, the levels of CLA appeared highest in steamed soy-powder milk than fresh and roasted soy-powder milks. In particular, the CLA contents were produced $183.57{\mu}g/ml$ and $198.72{\mu}g/ml$ from steamed soy-powder milk after fermentation (48 h) with S48 and P1201 strains, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.853-857
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• 2008

To assess the clastogenic effects of the diglyceride preparation containing conjugated linoleic acid (DG+CLA) in vivo micronucleus test was performed using ICR mice. Each of the groups consisted of three doses of DG+CLA (500, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg, p.o.), Mitomycin C (positive control, 2 mg/kg, i.p.) and negative control (olive oil, 10 mL/kg, p.o.). A slide preparation was made at 24 hours after 1st treatment with DG+CLA. As a result of counting the icronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte (MNPCE) of 2,000 polychromatic erythrocyte (PCE), the number of aberrant cells was not increased in any of the three doses of DG+CLA orally administered. There was no clinical sign connected with administration of DG+CLA. These results indicate that DG+CLA is not capable of inducing micronuclei in vivo mice cells and thus has no genotoxicity in micronucleus.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.63-71
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• 2011

This study was conducted to determine the effects of increasing the dietary levels of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) which is produced from bio diesel by-products, on milk yield, milk composition, and blood metabolites of mid-lactating dairy cows. A total of 20 mid-lactating dairy cows ($631{\pm}25.0kg$) were assigned to one of four treatment groups and fed twice daily an equal amount of a basal diet ($NE_L$ 32 Mcal/d, CP 17%) contained 12kg/d of concentrate, 15kg/d of corn silage and 4kg/d of the hay mixture (tall fescue+orchard grass). Conjugated linoleic acid were fed for 2 weeks of adaptation periods and 4 weeks of collection periods at 0 (Control), 50 (T1), 100 (T2) and 150g/d (T3), respectively. By the increases of dietary CLA supplementation, milk yield and 4% fat corrected milk increased, whereas milk fat content decreased (p<0.05). The concentrations of stearic acid and oleic acid decreased with increasing dietary CLA supplementation, while the concentrations of total CLA increased (p<0.05). In conclusion, this study shown that the supplementation of dietary CLA manufactured from bio diesel by-products could improve milk yield and CLA concentrations of milk in mid-lactating dairy cows.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.371-375
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• 2007

The concentrations of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in twelve Korean mothers' milk samples collected in October 2006 and four infant formula samples produced by Korean manufacturers were determined. CLA detected from both mothers' milk and infant formula samples was only cis-9, trans-11 CLA isomer. The amount of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in Korean mothers' milk (100 mL) ranged from 4.32 to 10.12 mg ($6.27{\pm}0.28\;mg$). Infant formula (13 g), which is the manufacturers' recommended amount to make up 100 mL with water, contained cis-9, trans-11 CLA isomer in amounts ranging from 1.61 to 2.97 mg ($2.27{\pm}0.31\;mg$).

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.527-534
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• 2012

This study investigated changes in the quality properties of deep frying oil and fried chickens according to frying number. Acid values of frying oil and fried chicken after frying 110 chickens were 2.27 and 1.90, respectively. The peroxide values of frying oil did not increase uniformly as frying number increased. Conjugated dienoic acid value of frying oil and fried chicken after frying 110 chickens were 0.70 and 0.44, respectively. Regarding the fatty acid composition after frying 110 chickens, linoleic and linolenic acids decreased, whereas palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids increased. Contents of trans fatty acids in frying oil and fried chicken after frying 110 chickens were 0.75% and 0.45%, respectively. Contents of benzo [a] pyrene in frying oil and fried chicken after frying 110 chickens were 2.20 and 2.19 ${\mu}g/kg$, respectively. The quality properties of frying oil and fried chickens significantly decreased after frying 60 chickens.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.132-138
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• 2019

In this study, we demonstrate the effects of the acidic properties of montmorillonite (MMT), which is commonly used as a catalyst, on the conversion and selectivity of the dimer acid methyl ester (DAME) synthesis. We synthesize DAME by the dimerization of conjugated linoleic acid methyl ester (CLAME) and oleic acid methyl ester using MMT KSF. Incidentally, trimer acid methyl ester was formed as a by-product during the DAME synthesis. There is a necessity to adequately adjust the strength and quantity of the acid site to control the selectivity of DAME. Therefore, we vary the pH of the MMT acid by using various metal hydroxides. The purpose of this study is to increase the yield of monocyclic dimer acid methyl ester, which is a substance with adequate physical properties for industrial applications (e.g., lubricant and adhesive, etc.), using a heterogeneous catalyst. We report the dimerization of fatty acid methyl ester by using base treated-KSF, and apply it to conjugated soybean oil methyl ester. Then, we transmute the acid site properties of KSF, such as pH of 5 wt.% slurry KSF and various alkali metals (Li, Na, K, Ca). Characterization of base treated-KSF using a pH meter, x-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface analysis, and temperature-programmed desorption. We conduct an analysis of CLAME and DAME using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, gas chromatography, and gel permeation chromatography. Through these experiments, we demonstrate the effects of the acidic properties of KSF on the conversion and selectivity of the DAME synthesis, and evaluate its industrial potential by application to waste vegetable oil.