• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.2647-2654
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• 2011

In this paper, the algorithm that recognizes the gesture by configuring the feature information obtained through edge orientation histogram and principal component analysis as low dimensional gesture symbol was described. Since the proposed method doesn't require a lot of computations compared to the existing geometric feature based method or appearance based methods and it can maintain high recognition rate by using the minimum information, it is very well suited for real-time system establishment. In addition, to reduce incorrect recognition or recognition errors that occur during gesture recognition, the model feature values projected in the gesture space is configured as a particular status symbol through clustering algorithm to be used as input symbol of hidden Markov models. By doing so, any input gesture will be recognized as the corresponding gesture model with highest probability.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2001

We described the vegetation of a disturbed lagoon wetland in relation to water and soil environments in Kungae lagoon reclaimed 30 years ago. Water depth and soil organic matter showed a great spatial heterogeneity in Kungae wetland which was changed into a freshwater marsh by the dike construction. Detrended canonical correspondence analysis suggested that differences in vegetation structure were primarily the result of variation in water depth or microtopography and soil organic matter Various emergent vegetations were developed in the wetland: species such as Phragmites australis, Calamagrostis epigeios, Carex dispalata and Lythrum anceps in a wide area, hydrophyes such as Typha angustifolia and Scirpus tabernaemontani at the low elevation with deep water, ruderals such as Bidens frondosa and Persicaria perfoliata near upland with much soil organic matter and sand-dune vegetation such as Carex kobomugi, Diodia tens, Pinus thunbergii and Potentilla egedei var. groenlandica at the high elevation. These results suggest that development of a prototype for wetland restoration from vegetation analysis of other natural lagoons and restoration of natural water tables and hydrologic connections between the diked wetland and the sea are important in the disturbed Kungae wetland.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.11-18
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• 2008

This research case-study places are chosen Seoul Metropolitan City and Yong-In City where the distinction characteristics of outdoor spaces are introduced in Apartment Complex. In this study, the standard of waterscape facilities will be set through preliminary researches and detail design factors are prepared for each characteristics. Analyze and research the characteristics of design factors through the field research of places. The Group data from Cluster Analysis, which is about waterscape facilities, is analyzed and classified by types of waterscape facilities in common residence. and then each type of characteristics and representatives of waterscape facilities founded. Waterscape facilities are charactered in 4 main types. I Type is appeared to the natural artificially mountain stream, slope and a rest space type, and feelings type. This type has twenty sites. II Type is appeared to the fewest sites(11 sites). This type is appeared to the Eco-pond, Border planting next to the waterscape facilities. III Type is appeared to the largest sites(28 sites), that is, play style water facilities of no-plantation patterns. IV Type is appeared to the retaining wall type, the rest space of bench type. Research result led, detailed plan element 64 are selected with design elements Seoul Metropolitan City and the Yong-In City at the time of the fact that well is only reflected commonly from external spaces, the type by quality which leads a statistical analysis the type quality was well reflected relatively was judged.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.79-90
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• 2016

This study investigates seasonal variation and spatial distribution of meiobenthic community of Gamak Bay (one of the major bays of southern coastal area of Korea). Total of 6 surveys of 10 stations took place, once in February, June and October of 2009 and through 2010. Community structure, taxon diversity (H') and nematodes/copepods ratio of meiobenthos were studied in Gamak Bay. During the study period, nematodes and harpacticoids were the most dominant taxa among the meiofaunal groups in Gamak Bay. Taxon diversity (H') was the highest at the outer stations and the lowest at the inner stations in the Gamak Bay. The nematodes/copepods ratio was seasonally studied as an index of pollution monitoring for the benthic ecosystem at each station. As a result, nematodes/copepods ratio was the highest at the inner stations and the lowest at the outer stations in Gamak Bay.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.53-60
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• 2011

In order to augment the robustness of OFDM system to Rayleigh multipath fading, there exist two smart antenna algorithms, namely, Pre-FFT smart antenna and Post-FFT smart antenna. After the mathematical modeling of both smart antenna algorithms, computer simulations have been carried to compare and analyze the performance of generalized eigen problem based Pre-FFT algorithm and the performance of Wiener solution based Post-FFT algorithm. It has been shown that the Post-FFT smart antenna far outperforms the Pre-FFT smart antenna due to the computational complexities. Especially it is so when the multipath signal arrives at beyond the guard interval and a rich co-channel interferer is introduced. Performance of a subcarrier clustering method proposed to lessen the computing load has been compared to that of a typical Wiener solution based Post-FFT smart antenna. Performance comparison between MRC(Maximum Ratio Combining) diversity based Post-FFT algorithm and typical Post-FFT algorithm has also been carried.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.209-224
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• 2016

The purpose of this study are to analyze the realities and characteristics of the inflow manufacturing factories located in non-urbanized area in the Capital region, and to extract the problems from locational point of view during the last 10 years. Using the raw data of factory registration statistics from 2006 to 2015, this study has intended to show the distributional characteristics of the independently-located manufacturing factories by various mapping methods. As a result, about 90% of the factories are heavily concentrated into 10 adjacent regions to Seoul and large cities. This study carried out questionaire surveys and in-depth interview to the leaders of Janganmyeon, Hwaseong-shi which have experienced the rapid increase of manufacturing factories. The independently-located factories have caused environmental pollution, destroyed rural village landscape, and affected the negative impact of the neighborhood community. The results of this study provide some implications to establish a desirable industrial location policy of non-urban areas in Capital region.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.1286-1294
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• 2012

Biological assessments of the macrobenthos community were carried out in the Seomjin River from May 2009 to November 2010. Fishes from 106 species belonging to 24 families and 10 orders were collected from the survey sites. Locational dominant species differed among sites, and the numbers of species and individuals differed depending on site, although six sites were not significantly different on the same survey dates. Across sites, the average number of species was 38.3, ranging from five at site 1 to 66 at site 2 in May 2009. Site 2 had the highest number of species on November 2009, while site 3 had the lowest. Arthropods dominated the macrobenthic community at species (63.2% May) and individual (60.9% November) levels. DO, BOD, and COD were shown to have the greatest effect on the numbers of macrobenthos. Peaks in the diversity index trended downwards from upstream to downstream sites.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.189-203
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• 2004

Numerical analysis based on 33 morphological characters from 25 populations of 8 species of tribe Forsythieae in Korea was conducted to investigate the taxonomic delimitation and discuss the systematic relationships. In this study, Fontanesia phyllyreoides Labill was adopted as comparing outgroup to discuss the taxonomic status of Abeliophyllum distichum and elucidate the taxonomic relationships between tribe Forsythieae and tribe Fontanesiae. Based on the results of PCA, the sum of contributions for the total variance of three major principal components was 79.6% (PC1 54.2%, PC2 15.4% and PC3 10.0%, repectively). Two dimensional plotting from PCA results recognized three distinct generic clusters. Among the populations of Forsythia, two distinct groups were clustered as I. koreana-saxatilis-viridissima and II. ovata-nakaii. However, 15 populations of Abeliophyllum distichum were arranged randomly without any tendency, and the infraspecies of Abeliophyllum distichum could be recognized as individual variations. Fontanesia phyllyreoides Labill was clustered independently and intertribal limitation was clearly distinguished.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.38 no.5_2
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• pp.661-667
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• 2022

As remote sensing and GIS have been considered to be essential technologies for disasters information production, researches on developing methods for analyzing spatial data, and developing new technologies for such purposes, have been actively conducted. Especially, it is assumed that the use of remote sensing and GIS for disaster management will continue to develop thanks to the launch of recent satellite constellations, the use of various remote sensing platforms, the improvement of acquired data processing and storage capacity, and the advancement of artificial intelligence technology. This spatial issue presents 10 research papers regarding ship detection, building information extraction, ocean environment monitoring, flood monitoring, forest fire detection, and decision making using remote sensing and GIS technologies, which can be applied at the disaster prediction, monitoring and response stages. It is anticipated that the papers published in this special issue could be a valuable reference for developing technologies for disaster management and academic advancement of related fields.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.41 no.4 s.115
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• pp.435-456
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• 2006

This study examines the long-term spatial patterns and recent trends of seasonal onsets and durations defined by daily temperatures in South Korea for the period 1973-2004. Spatially, spring and winter onset dates show approximately 44 day and 63 day maximum difference respectively between south and north (Seongsanpo to Daegwallryeong) attributable to the impacts of latitudes and altitudes. In contrast, summer onset, which is more affected by proximity to oceans and altitudes than by latitudes, begins earlier in interior low elevated areas than in the coastal areas but earliest at higher latitudes than Jeiu Island. Five climatic types regarding the seasonal cycles in South Korea are spatially clustered according to the combination of longer seasonal durations. As a reflection of recent climate changes on seasonal cycles in South Korea, winter duration was shortened by 10 days during the post-1988 period due to a late winter onset of 4 days and an early spring onset of 6 days. The winter reduction began in the southern regions of the Korean Peninsula in the mid-1980s and spread northward during the 1990s period, ultimately appearing everywhere. In urbanized cities, where much of the surface is covered with asphalt or concrete, the winter reduction was intensified and summer duration was locally incremented. The reduced winter duration in recent decades shows significant teleconnections with variations of geopotential height (925hPa) in the eastern Arctic region ($0-90^{\circ}E$, $65-85^{\circ}N$) during the cold season. The reduction in winter duration in South Korea agrees with results in overall global warming trends as a climate change signal.