Browse > Article

Seasonal Onset and Duration in South Korea  

Choi, Gwang-Yong (Department of Geography, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, The United States)
Kwon, Won-Tae (Climate Research Laboratory, Meteorological Research Institute, Korea Meteorological Administration)
Robinson David A. (Department of Geography, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, The United States)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Geographical Society / v.41, no.4, 2006 , pp. 435-456 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study examines the long-term spatial patterns and recent trends of seasonal onsets and durations defined by daily temperatures in South Korea for the period 1973-2004. Spatially, spring and winter onset dates show approximately 44 day and 63 day maximum difference respectively between south and north (Seongsanpo to Daegwallryeong) attributable to the impacts of latitudes and altitudes. In contrast, summer onset, which is more affected by proximity to oceans and altitudes than by latitudes, begins earlier in interior low elevated areas than in the coastal areas but earliest at higher latitudes than Jeiu Island. Five climatic types regarding the seasonal cycles in South Korea are spatially clustered according to the combination of longer seasonal durations. As a reflection of recent climate changes on seasonal cycles in South Korea, winter duration was shortened by 10 days during the post-1988 period due to a late winter onset of 4 days and an early spring onset of 6 days. The winter reduction began in the southern regions of the Korean Peninsula in the mid-1980s and spread northward during the 1990s period, ultimately appearing everywhere. In urbanized cities, where much of the surface is covered with asphalt or concrete, the winter reduction was intensified and summer duration was locally incremented. The reduced winter duration in recent decades shows significant teleconnections with variations of geopotential height (925hPa) in the eastern Arctic region ($0-90^{\circ}E$, $65-85^{\circ}N$) during the cold season. The reduction in winter duration in South Korea agrees with results in overall global warming trends as a climate change signal.
Keywords
seasonal onset; seasonal duration; seasonality change; climate change; teleconnections;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 5  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 허인혜.권원태.전영문.이승호, 2006, '우리나라에서 기온 상승이 식생 분포에 미치는 영향-대나무와 마늘을 중심으로,' 환경영향평가, 15(1), 67-78
2 Chapman, W.L. and Walsh, J.E., 1993, Recent variations of sea ice and air temperature in high latitudes, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 74, 33-47   DOI
3 Ho, C.-H., Lee, E.-J., Lee, I., and Jeong, S.-J., 2006, Earlier spring in Seoul, Korea, International Journal of Climatology (in press)
4 Menzel, A., Jakobi, G., Ahas, R., Scheifinger, H., and Estrella, N., 2003, Variations of the climatological growing season (1951-2000) in Germany compared with other countries, International Journal of Climatology, 23(7), 793-812   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Pielke, R.A., Garstang, M., Lindsey, C., and Gusdorf, J., 1987, Use of a synoptic classification scheme to define seasons, Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 38, 57-68   DOI
6 http://amsglossary.allenpress.com//glossary/search?id=gr owing-degree-dayl
7 이병설, 1979, '우리나라의 자연계절에 관한 연구,' 지리학, 14(2), 1-11
8 Vincent, L.A., Peterson, T.C., Barros, V.R., Marino, M.B., Rusticucci, M., Carrasco, G., Ramirez, E., Alves, L.M., Ambrizzi, T., Berlato, M.A., Grimm, A.M., Marengo, J.A., Molion, L., Moncunill, D.F., Rebello, E., Anunciacao, Y.M.T., Quintana, J., Santos, J.L., Baez, J., Coronel, G., Garcia, J., Trebejo, I., Bidegain, M., Haylock, M.R., and Karoly, D., 2005, Observed trends in indices of daily temperature extremes in South America 1960-2000, Journal of Climate, 18(23), 5011-5023   DOI   ScienceOn
9 심교문.이정택.이양수.김건엽, 2004, '최근의 기후변화를 고려한 가을보리 안전재배지대 구분,' 한국농림기상학회지, 6(4), 218-234
10 강만석, 1981, 한국의 자연 계절구분에 관한 종관 기후학적 연구, 경희대학교 박사학위논문
11 최광용.권원태, 2003, '남한의 식물기후 주기변화,' 2003년 대한지리학회 춘계대회 초록집, 75-78
12 Karl, T.R., Jones, P.D., Knight, R.W., Kukla, G., Plummer, N., Razuvayev, V., Galle, K.P., Lindseay, J., Charlson, R.J., and Peterson, T.C., 1993, A new perspective on recent global warming: Asymmetric trends of daily maximum and minimum temperature, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 74, 1007-1023   DOI
13 Robinson, D.A., Frei, A., and Serreze, M.C., 1995, Recent variations and regional relationships in Northern Hemisphere snow cover, Annals of Glaciology, 21, 71-76   DOI
14 Trenberth, K.E., 1983, What are the seasons?, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 64, 1276-1282   DOI
15 안중배.류정희.조익현.박주영.류상범, 1997, '한반도 기온 및 강수량과 적도 태평양 해면 온도와의 상관관계에 대한 연구,' 한국기상학회지, 33(3), 487-495
16 이승호.이경미, 2003, '기온변화에 다른 벚꽃 개화시기의 변화 경향,' 환경영향평가, 12(1), 45-54
17 임경빈.이수욱, 1975, '조림학적으로 본 온도지수-온량지수와 한랭지수를 중심으로-,' 한국임학회지, 25, 1-12
18 Maejima, I., 1967, Natural seasons and weather singularities in Japan, Geographical Reports of Tokyo Metropolitan University, 2, 77-103
19 Thompson, D.W.J., Wallace, J.M., and Hegerl, G.C., 2000, Annular modes in the extratropical circulation part II: trends, Journal of Climate, 13, 1018-1036   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Ye, D., Jiang, Y., and Dong, W., 2003, The northward shift of climatic belts in China during the last 50 years and the corresponding seasonal Responses, Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 20, 959-967   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Inoue, T. and Matsumoto, J., 2003, Seasonal and secular variations of sunshine duration and natural seasons in Japan, International Journal of Climatology, 23, 1219-1234   DOI   ScienceOn
22 최광용.권원태, 2005, '최근 우리나라 열대야 현상 발생의 시.공간적 특징과 그 변화,' 대한지리학회지, 40(6), 730-747   과학기술학회마을
23 이병설, 1985, '삼한사온과 기온특이일,' 한국기상학회지, 21(1), 34-45
24 Choi, G., Kim, J., and Robinson, D.A., 2005, Potential linkages between spring snow cover and atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere, 1967-2004, Eos Trans. American Geophysical Union, 86(52), Fall Meeting Supplements, Abstract C11C-06
25 Choi, G., Kwon, W.-T., and Robinson, D.A., 2004, Changes of seasonality in South Korea, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 85(4), 504
26 Choi, G. and Robinson, D.A., 2006, Recent spring onset in the Northern Hemisphere, Proceedings of the 2006 Annual Meeting of the American Association of Geographers, 105
27 기상연구소, 2002, 기후변화 협약 대응 지역 기후 시나리오 산출 개발 (I)
28 김맹기, 1999, '상층 운량이 지상 기온의 계절적 변동에 미치는 영향,' 한국기상학회지, 35(4), 475-490
29 류상범.문승의.조병길, 1993, '남한의 도시화에 따른 기온변동,' 한국기상학회지, 29(2), 99-116
30 권영아.김지연.이승호, 2005, '꽃샘추위의 발생 분포와 변화 경향,' 대한지리학회지, 40(3), 285-295   과학기술학회마을
31 von Storch, H. and Zwiers, F.W., 1999, Statistical Analysis in Climate Research, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
32 Alexander, L.V., Zhang, X., Peterson, T.C., Caesar, J., Gleason, B., Klein Tank, A.M.G., Haylock, M., Collins, D., Trewin, B., Rahimzadeh, F., Tagipour, A., Rupa Kumar, K., Revadekar, J., Griffiths, G., Vincent, L., Stephenson, D.B., Bum, J., Aguilar, E., Brunet, M., Taylor, M., New, M., Zhai, P., Rusticucci, M., and Vazquez-Aguirre, J.L., 2006, Global observed changes in daily climate extremes of temperature and precipitation, Journal of Geophysical Research, 111, 1-22
33 Kainicky, R.A., 1987, Seasons, singularities, and climatic changes over the midlatitudes of the Northern Hemisphere during 1899-1969, Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology, 26, 1496-1510   DOI
34 Kalnay, E., Kanamitsu, M., Kistler, R., Collins, W., Deaven, D., Gandin, L., Iredell, M., Saha, S., White, G., Woollen, J., Zhu, Y., Chelliah, M., Ebisuzaki, W., Higgins, W., Janowiak, J., Mo, K.C., Ropelewski, C., Wang, J., Leetmaa, A., Reynolds, R., Jenne, R., and Joseph, D., 1996, The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 77(3), 437-471   DOI
35 Lamb, H.H., 1950, Types and spells of weather around the year in the British Isles, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 76, 393-438   DOI
36 기상연구소, 2004, 한국의 기후, MR044C30
37 이승호, 1995, '한반도 주변의 기압배치형에 의한 자연 계절의 구분,' 지리학연구, 26, 65-78
38 Easterling, D.R., Horton, B., Jones, P.D., Peterson, T.C., Karl, T.R., Parker, D.E., Salinger, M.J., Razuvayev, V., Plummer, N., Jamason, P., and Folland, C.K., 1997, Maximum and minimum temperature trends for the globe, Science, 277, 364-367   DOI   ScienceOn
39 강용규, 1984, '한국 주변 해양 표면 수온의 계절적 변화,' 한국해양학회지, 19(1), 31-35
40 유진호.강인식, 2002, '계절전이와 관련된 기온변동과 계절의 장기 변화 경향,' 대기, 12(1), 107-110
41 http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov
42 이승법.신경섭.조영순.손승희, 2003, '식물계절에 나타난 한반도 기후변화 영향,' 대기, 13(1), 468-471
43 최광용.권원태, 2001, '20세기 우리나라 자연계절 전이와 생활기온지수의 변화,' 지리교육논집, 45, 14-25
44 Moon, S.E. and Um, H.H., 1980, The divisions of the natural seasons of Korea, Journal of the Korean Meteorological Society, 16(1), 45-54
45 권원태, 2005, '기후변화의 과학적 현황과 전망,' 한국기상학회지, 41(2), 325-336
46 Houghton, J.T., Ding, T., Griggs, D.J., Noguer, M., van der Linden, P.J., Dai, X., Maskell, K., and Johnson, C.A. (eds.), 2001, Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, Summary for Policy Makers - Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovermental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
47 Thompson, D.W.J. and Wallace, J.M., 1998, The Arctic Oscillation signature in the wintertime geopotential height and temperature fields, Geophysical Research Letters, 25, 1297-1300   DOI   ScienceOn
48 Alpert, P., Osetinsky, I., Ziv, B., and Shafir, H., 2004, A new seasons definition based on classified daily synoptic systems: an example for the eastern Mediterranean, International Journal of Climatology, 24, 1013-1021   DOI   ScienceOn