• Title/Summary/Keyword: 곤충산업

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Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric Analysis of Heavy Metals in the Soils of Paddy Fields Around Industrial Areas (원자흡광법에 의한 공업단지(경인${\cdot}$전북)주변답 토양중의 중금속함량분석에 관한 연구)

  • Park Seung Heui
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.18 no.1 s.38
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    • pp.49-53
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    • 1979
  • Paddy lands around industrial areas in Gyeonggi and Jeonbuk provinces are increasingly concerned about pollution by heavy metals. This stimulated the quantitative analysis of copper, zinc, lead and cadmium in the soil from the aress concerned. Results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Heavy metal contents of the soil from Sue-Myun, Siheung-Gun, Gyunggi province were 20.95 ppm of Cu, 226.46 ppm of Zn, 84.17 ppm of Pb, and 2.62 ppm of Cd, respectively. Those of Anyang, Kimpo, and Jeonbuk areas were as low as the natural background levels, about 10 ppm. 2. The contentration of heavy metals of the river valley soils tended to increase from upper stream to the lower. This seemed to be caused by the fact tat disposed water from plants flows to the lower stream and metals contained in the water accummlate in the soils around the lower stream. 3. Cadmium content was exceptionally lower than 0.2 ppm in all the areas tested. The present concentartion of cadmium is not of the extent to which any injury could occur to rice plants.

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Discussions on Pesticides Production and Supply in Korea (농약의 생산과 소비의 실태에 관한 고찰)

  • Bai Dai Han
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.17 no.2 s.35
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    • pp.115-123
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    • 1978
  • Present status on the pesticides production, supply, manufacture and pests control in Korea are summarized. The data in the past several years (1971-76) are analyzed to find out the problems and solutions for the further development of plant protection and pesticide industry in Korea. Since the acreages of crop plantation and the quantities of pesticides uses are already near to the stage of plateau, pesticide formulation with imported technical grade should be modified by local synthesis with imported quality. The government pesticides management act and regulations must be modernized urgently in connection with the synthesis. formulation, tests, registration, quality control. price and supply system as well as the safety use of pesticides. Recommendation concerning acceptable daily intakes(ADI) and residue limits must be established for the strengthning pesticide safety use and plant protection activities as soon as possible. The use of fungicide-insectide mixture in dust formulation must be authorized and practiced immediately for the labor saving and one-hit cooperative mass control of rice disease and insect pests, especially. At present, serious considerations on pesticide safety use and integrated pest control are strongly urged to help the farmers, to save the industries and to keep the nature as it is required.

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Antioxidant activities of black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (아메리카동애등에(Hermetia illucens) 추출물의 항산화 활성)

  • Park, Kwanho;Choi, Jiyoung;Nam, Sunghee;Kim, Sunghyun;Kwak, Kyuwon;Lee, Seokhyun;Nho, Sikab
    • Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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    • v.52 no.2
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    • pp.142-146
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study was to determine the possibility of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) as a animal feedstuff. Insect resources have been widely recognized that it exhibits its own biological activity by whole body or its metabolic intermediates. To accomplish this, its general and biological activities were measured. The present study was conducted to compare antioxidant activity of black soldier fly larva, pupa and grasshopper by examining radical scavenging activity using DPPH (2,2 diphenyl 1-picryl hydrazyl). DPPH radical scavenging activity was conducted on the EtOH, MeOH, H2O fractions of black soldier fly larvae. Results showed that black soldier fly pupa on the H2O fraction contained the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity among the samples. FRAP assay are more suitable methods to evaluate antioxidant activity of black soldier fly extracts. Among the samples, the FRAP value showed higher antioxidant activity in the extracts from black soldier fly pupa extract on H2O fraction. These results suggest that black soldier fly larva and pupa extract has antioxidant activity and its fractions can be utilized to develop functional feedstuff.

Protective Effects of Water/Methanol Extracts of Cricket on the Acute Hepatic Damages in the ICR-mice Induced by Administration of $CCl_4$ (귀뚜라미의 수용성 및 알콜 추출물의 간보호 효과)

  • Ahn, Mi-Young;Lee, Yong-Woo;Ryu, Kang-Sun;Lee, Heui-Sam;Kim, Ik-Soo;Kim, Jin-Won;Lee, Yong-Ki;Kim, Eun-Sun;Kim, Yeong-Shik
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.684-687
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    • 2002
  • Water and methanol extracts of cricket were examined for their liver protective effects against $CCl_4-intoxication$ in ICR-mice. Serum transaminases (S-GOT and S-GPT), lactate dehydrogense (LDH) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities and TBARS (Thiobarbiturate-reactive substances) content were measured for evaluation of liver protective effects. The activities of GOT, GPT, LDH and hepatic content of lipid peroxide after $CCl_4-treatment$ were higher than normal control but those levels decreased th 74, 50, 101 and 40%, respectively, by the treatment of cricket methanol extract. The anti-fatigue effects of water and methanol extracts investigated by an acute weight-loaded forced swimming test showed significantly prolonged swimming time in the mice administered cricket extracts. These results suggest us that water/alcohol extract of G. bimaculatus may be used as a liver protective food.

Enzymatic preparation and antioxidant activities of protein hydrolysates from Gryllus bimaculatus (쌍별귀뚜라미 단백가수분해물의 제조 및 항산화 활성)

  • Cho, Hye-Rin;Lee, Yoo-Jung;Hong, Ji-Eun;Lee, Syng-Ook
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.51 no.5
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    • pp.473-479
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    • 2019
  • Gryllus bimaculatus (GB) has recently been registered as a food variety in Korea. In the present study, we prepared protein hydrolysates from GB and evaluated their antioxidant capacity. Protein hydrolysates were prepared from dried GB using enzymatic hydrolysis using five different proteases, and protein hydrolysates showing high hydrolysis value (alcalase, flavourzyme, and neutrase) were separated further into fractions ${\leq}3kDa$ and then lyophilized. Based on $RC_{50}$ values of hydrolysates (${\leq}3kDa$) obtained from four different antioxidant analyses, the flavourzyme hydrolysates showed relatively high levels of antioxidant capacity among the three hydrolysates, and in particular, it showed considerably strong antioxidant activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. The flavourzyme hydrolysate also significantly inhibited peroxidation of linoleic acid. These results suggest that protein hydrolysates from GB represent potential sources of natural antioxidants. Our current studies are focused on identification of active peptides from the flavourzyme hydrolysate.

First Report of an Unrecorded Nematode-trapping Fungus, Arthrobotrys sinensis in Korea (국내 미기록 선충포식성 곰팡이 Arthrobotrys sinensis의 형태 및 분류)

  • Ha, Jihye;Kang, Heonil;Kang, Hangwon;Kim, Donggeun;Lee, Dongwoon;Kim, Yongchul;Choi, Insoo
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.58 no.1
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    • pp.9-13
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    • 2019
  • Nematode-trapping fungi use various specialized traps to capture nematodes. A fungus that can capture nematodes in three dimensional adhesive networks was isolated from the soil around the root of Cucumis melo L. (Oriental melon) in Seongju, Korea. The conidiophores were found to be septate, hyaline, erect and $290-528(342.8){\mu}m$ high. It produces obovoid shape and 1-3 septate (commonly 2-septate) conidia with a size of $30.5{\times}20.3{\mu}m$. Molecular analysis of 5.8 S rDNA displayed 99% similarity to Arthrobotrys sinensis. On the basis of morphological, morphometric and molecular studies, the fungus was identified as A. sinensis. It is the first report in Korea which can be one of biological control resource of plant-parasitic nematode.

Identification of a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Marker for the Detection of Enhanced Honey Production in Hoenybee (수밀력 우수 꿀벌 계통 판별을 위한 계통 특이 분자마커 개발)

  • Kim, Hye-Kyung;Lee, Myeong-Lyeol;Lee, Man-Young;Choi, Yong-Soo;Kim, Dongwon;Kang, Ah Rang
    • Journal of Apiculture
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.147-154
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    • 2017
  • Honeybees (Apis mellifera) are common pollinators and important insects studied in agriculture, ecology and basic research. Recently, RDA (Rural Development Administration) and YIRI (Yecheon-gun Industrial Insect Research Institute) have been breeding a triple crossbred honey bee named Jangwon, which have the ability to produce superior quality honey. In this study, we identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker in the genome of Jangwon honeybee, particularly, in the paternal line (D line). Initially, we performed Sequence-Based Genotyping (SBG) using the Illumina Hiseq 2500 in 5 honeybee inbred lines; A, C, D, E, and F; and obtained 1,029 SNPs. Seventeen SNPs for each inbred line were generated and selected after further filtering of the SNP dataset. The 17 SNP markers validated by performing TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR and genotyping analysis was conducted. Genotyping analysis of the 5 honeybee inbred lines and one hybrid line, $D{\times}F$, revealed that one set of SNP marker, AmD9, precisely discriminated the inbred line D from the others. Our results suggest that the identified SNP marker, AmD9, is successful in distinguishing the inbred honeybee lines D, and can be directly used for genotyping and breeding applications.

Necessity and Introduction Plan for Agrochemical Pharmacist System to Strengthen Expertise in Pest Diagnosis and Prescription (병해충 진단 및 처방의 전문성 강화를 위한 식물의약사(식물위생전문가) 제도의 필요성과 도입방안)

  • Jae Su Kim;Deok Ho Kwon;Se Jin Lee;Sueyeon Lee
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.62 no.2
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    • pp.69-78
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    • 2023
  • The currently implemented Positive List System, sales manager training, and pesticide sales record systems focus on the safety of determined pesticide use, but the proposed agrochemical pharmacist (AP) system aims accurate diagnosis and reasonable prescription. In this study, 81% of famers claimed expert assistance for purchasing and applying pesticides, and 42~86% of sales managers insisted on the strengthening expertise in diagnosis and prescription. In the institutionalization of AP, a special implementation guideline is essential to embrace the present sales managers with long experience. Sales managers of commercial and agricultural cooperatives recognize the qualifications of agrochemical pharmacists as a strategy to differentiate themselves from competitors, and increase sales through market positioning of "pesticides prescribed by trustworthy agrochemical pharmacists", not sales managers anymore.

A Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for White-backed Planthopper-specific Detection (고리매개등온증폭법(LAMP)을 이용한 흰등멸구 특이 판별법)

  • Seo, Bo Yoon;Park, Chang Gyu;Jung, Jin Kyo;Cho, Jumrae;Lee, Gwan-Seok;Kim, Kwang-Ho
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.57 no.4
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    • pp.393-399
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    • 2018
  • A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) primer set (WBPH-65) was designed for the species-specific detection of white-backed planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera based on the full-length sequence of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) (KC417469.1). The WBPH-65 primer set consists of six primers (total 165 bp), F3 (18 bp), B3 (18 bp), FIP (43 bp), BIP (40 bp), LF (21 bp), and LB (25 bp). After the LAMP reaction of three rice planthoppers, S. furcifera, Nilaparvata lugens, and Laodelphax striatellus, with the WBPH-65 primer set for 60 min at $65^{\circ}C$, the LAMP products were observed in the genomic DNA of S. furcifera only. According to the DNA amount of S. furcifera and incubation duration at $65^{\circ}C$, the difference of fluorescence relative to the negative control (0 ng) was clearly observed in a 40-min incubation with 10 and 100 ng or in case of 60-min incubation with 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 ng. There was little difference in fluorescence between the negative control and all the other DNAs tested in 20- and 30-min incubations. On the other hand, the WBPH-65 primer set without LF and LB primers showed little amplification in the genomic DNAs of the three rice planthoppers, S. furcifera, N. lugens, and L. striatellus in a 60-min incubation. These results suggest that all six primers (F3, B3, FIP, BIP, LF, and BF) are necessary for the WBPH-65 primer set to detect S. furcifera within a 60-min incubation, and is able to discriminate S. furcifera from at least N. lugens and L. striatellus.

Isolation and characterization of cellulolytic yeast belonging to Moesziomyces sp. from the gut of Grasshopper (메뚜기의 내장에서 분리한 Moesziomyces 속에 속하는 셀룰로오스 분해 효모의 분리 및 특성)

  • Kim, Ju-Young;Jung, Hee-Young;Park, Jong-Seok;Cho, Sung-Jin;Lee, Hoon Bok;Sung, Gi-Ho;Subramani, Gayathri;Kim, Myung Kyum
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.55 no.3
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    • pp.234-241
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    • 2019
  • An intensive interaction between yeasts and insects has highlighted their relevance for attraction to food and for the insect's development and behavior. Yeast associated in the gut of insects secretes cellulase which aided in the food digestion (cellulose degradation). Three strains of cellulose-degrading yeast were isolated from the gut of adult grasshoppers collected in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. The strains $ON22^T$, $G10^T$, and $G15^T$, showed positive cellulolytic activity in the carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-plate assay. The phylogenetic tree based on sequence analysis of D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions revealed that the strains $ON22^T$ (100 and 98.4% sequence similarities in D1/D2 domains and ITS) and $G10^T$ (99.8 and 99.5% in D1/D2 domain and ITS region) were most closely related to the species Moesziomyces aphidis JCM $10318^T$; $G15^T$ (100% in D1/D2 domains and ITS) belongs to the species Moesziomyces antarcticus JCM $10317^T$, respectively. Morphology and biochemical test results are provided in the species description. Cellulase with its massive applicability has been used in various industrial processes such as biofuels like bioethanol productions. Therefore, this is the first report of the cellulolytic yeast strains $ON22^T$, $G10^T$, and $G15^T$ related to the genus Moesziomyces in the family Ustilaginaceae (Ustilaginales), in Korea.