• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.15-27
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• 2016

The current research suggests a new industry and employment structure accelerated by the 4th industrial revolution. An in-depth analysis on relevant researches and a macro analysis on industry and employment structure change have been performed. Past and present industrial revolutions have been reviewed based on the nature of employment and industry structure. With technological advances and increase in productivity, the services industry has developed during the 1st and 2nd industrial revolutions. Moreover, in the 4th industrial revolution era, more changes are expected within the services industry. A new U-model has been derived and a service economy acceleration model has been suggested. This research can be used for deriving desirable industry and economic policy. Future research is needed to develop a detailed solution for human resource management strategy for service economy in the 4th industrial revolution era.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.13-38
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• 2001

The question about whether a shorter workweek may increase employment has been a serious issue and been furiously debated among collective bargainers. The advocators recommend publicly that a reduction in standard working hours will provide benefits to the unemployed through the provision of new jobs, and also can improve the quality of life workers. The opponents argue that a shorter workweek will increase labor costs and induce firms to reduce their production levels, and consequently cut back their demand for labor. Although the debate is still continuing, considerable has been made toward achieving the goal workweek reduction. The analytical framework of this paper is a Putty-clay-model, in which the short-and long-term impacts of changes in working time on the employment associated with the interrelations of wages, prices, hourly labour productivity, the firm's labor demand, business cycle and economic growth etc. must be analyzed.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.129-146
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• 2010

This study will analyze the economic impact on villages adjacent to recreational areas in natural forests with the goal of creating a forest development plan. The area of study has been limited to the National Natural Recreation Forest and the twelve adjacent villages around the area. The collected data used a SPSS. 12.0 frequency and cross, t-test and ANOVA analysis was performed. To questions regarding increase in income and employment due to recreational areas in natural forests, there were some in all three areas that responded that it did not contribute to increases in income or employment. In all areas, there were respondents who think that these recreational areas do not help increase awareness of their nearby towns. Facilities, in order from most used to least used were tourist sites, lodgings and then food and meals. The level of satisfaction of customers in all areas was low with reasons being low quality of goods, not knowing the village(s) well, a lack of specialty items, and poor roads. In conclusion, this study presents a development plan based on the derived research results.

• Journal of Information Technology and Architecture
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 2014

This study is about the suggestion of reduction method for social insurance cost of startup SMEs Based on the study abroad and the current status of Korea we suggest several methods such as direct and indirect support, exemption, deferment/loan. For the economic effect analysis, we derived benefits and costs. Employment, value added, and revenue increasing effects are considered as benefits. Costs are analyzed by each method. In case of exemption, the analysis is impossible. Analysis results show that direct and deferment/loan case have an effect of 563,469 jobs creation, added value of 26.82 trillion wons, and increase in tax revenues about 82.4 billion wons. In case of exemption, There are 105,368 jobs creation, 5.02 trillion wons of added value, and 15.4 billion wons of increase in tax revenues. And for each case, there are costs 9.58 trillion won, 5.42 trillion won, 1.79 trillion won.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.261-268
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• 2013

사무르디는 스리랑카의 빈곤퇴치를 위한 프로그램 중 가장 규모가 큰 사회복지 지원 사업으로 1995년 청년, 여성, 장애인 등의 취업기회의 제공과 역량을 제고하여 궁극적으로 국가의 빈곤을 퇴치하고자 중앙정부에 의해 마련되었다. 본 연구는 사무르디 프로그램 수혜자의 만족도를 높이기 위한 사회경제적 관련 인자들이 무엇인지를 밝히고자 하였다. 사례연구지역은 스리랑카 중부지역에 위치한 오지이며 빈곤도가 높아 본 프로그램의 수혜율이 비교적 높은 캔디(Kandy) 지역을 대상으로 하였다. 본 프로그램의 주목적인 소득향상을 비롯하여 훈련프로그램, 사무르디은행의 신용, 정부보조금, 보험금, 기술정보제공, 마케팅시설, 고용기회제공, 도로개발, 관개수로시설 및 공공기반시설 등 프로그램의 지원내용 등과 관련된 다양한 인자들을 대상으로 수혜자의 만족도는 물론 이에 영향을 미치는 사회경제적 인자의 특성 등을 밝히고자 하였다. 다단계 표본 추출방법으로 150 사무르디프로그램 수혜자를 선정하여 관련 설문조사를 실시하였으며(유효설문 127), SAS9.1 통계분석용 소프트웨어를 사용하여 빈도분석, 회귀분석 등을 실시하였다. 그 결과 사무르디 수혜자들은 정부보조 및 사무르디 은행의 신용 제공, 보험금 지급, 도로개발, 소득 증대 등에 대해서는 만족도가 매우 높은 반면 종자나 비료 등의 농업투입요소나 마케팅시설, 기술정보 제공 등에 대해서는 비교적 낮은 만족도를 보였다. 회귀분석 결과 사무르디 프로그램 실시 후 소득증대, 고용 기회와 훈련프로그램 제공, 사무르디 은행의 신용 제공 등이 중요한 요인임을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 사무르디 프로그램을 통하여 지역주민의 생활여건 개선은 물론 소득을 향상시켜 나아가 빈곤 퇴치라는 본래의 취지와 역할을 제대로 수행하기 위해서는 농업인 조직 강화, 농산물집하시설 등 마케팅 및 유통 시설 확충, 농기계 지원, 농업생산시설 등을 지속적으로 확충하여야 할 것이며, 정부의 지속적인 모니터링과 평가 등을 통하여 사무르디 프로그램을 보다 긍정적으로 발전시켜 나가야 할 것이다.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.175-201
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• 2014

This paper analyses the effect of R&D investment on local economies. R&D investment contributes to the regional local economy by increasing employment and production activity of the investees. The investees may end up with increased productivity, sales and employment. At the regional R&D level, the central government R&D fund and firm self R&D budget will be the source of R&D investment. Further positive effects are inter-related with local industries. This study carried out an empirical analysis on the effect of R&D investment on local economies using Korean panel data after comparing international literatures. The dynamic panel estimator is used to estimate an autoregressive model with lagged dependent variable. Using the Da Silva method, mixed variance-component moving-average error process is estimated and selected. R&D investment is very important factor to improve the productivity of a region and the size of the effect is dependent on the time periods within the Korean economic history.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.27-54
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of policy boosting fertility and labor participation rate on potential GDP growth rate. To do this, we employ a growth accounting approach, which decomposes per capita GDP into two parts. The first one is the change of dependency ratio and the other is the change of labor input. The labor input is again decomposed into the qualitative and quantitative parts. The quantitative part considers the change of labor participation rate and working time. The qualitative aspects is based on the trend of productivity of labor. From the scenarios of NSO(National Statistics Office), the effect of the fertility-raising policy on per capita potential GDP growth rate is calculated and projected to the year of 2050. We also forecast the policy effect inducing high labor participating rate of female labor and beyond 55-year old labor. The baseline results show that the per capita GDP growth rate will show mid 4% to the year of 2010, gradually declining to 3.94% by 2020, 3.03% by 2030, 2.41% by 2040. The high fertility rate scenario will not have effects on the potential growth by 2030, but show 0.10%p higher per capita GDP growth rate than that of baseline scenario result. By the high female labor participation policy, the per capita GDP growth rate will reach 0.04%p higher per capita GDP growth rate than that of baseline scenario. Based on the results of this paper, we conclude that the quantitative labor input cannot solely account for the trend decline of potential GDP, and the qualitative aspect, like labor productivity, is much more important element to sustain and boots the economic growth.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.367-380
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• 2020

Recently, Korea's economy is facing a difficult economic situation due to sluggish domestic demand, low corporate investment and a cliff in youth employment. In order to overcome this problem and turn the economy into a virtuous circle, the government has introduced and implemented various economic policies. In this study, the effects of the corporate accumulated earnings tax system included in the 2014 tax code revision were to be verified. The validity of the business income was verified and analyzed using the financial data of the entity as to whether the income of the entity was being circulated to household income. First, validating the validity of whether the income tax on non-current income affects the level of an entity's investment, the results showed significant negative effects at a significant level of 5 per cent. Second, the analysis of whether the return tax on corporate income is affecting management decisions that increase the level of dividends for an entity has identified a metaphorical positive relationship. Third, it was confirmed that the income tax on uncurrency income does not have a significant effect on the increase in wages for workers. The result is presumed to be the main reason for the increased uncertainty in the economy and business environment.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.165-183
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• 1997

생명공학은 기술의 특성상 보건 의료, 농업, 자원 환경, 에너지 등 광범위한 산업에 응용될 수 있는 고부가가치형, 두뇌기술집약형, 탈공해형, 자원 및 에너지절약형 기술이라는 특징을 지니고 있어 21세기 미래산업을 선도할 것으로 기대되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 생명공학기술이 1980년과 1990년 사이의 산업구조에 어떠한 변화를 초래하였는지를 알아보는 것이다. 생명공학의 산업경제적 파급효과를 분석해 보기 위해 한국은행에서 발행한 산업연관표를 이용하여 생명공학 관련산업의 지원에 따른 국내 제반산업의 생산변화율을 측정하였다. 정부의 지원이나 금리 및 세제의 혜택을 통해 생명공학 산업 관련 비용이 감소하게 되면 이에 따른 가격변화가 국내 산업발전과 고용의 증가를 갖는 것으로 믿어진다. 고정계수 아닌 변화계수를 특징으로 하는 본 모형의 접근방법은 생명공학에 대한 재정지원 및 세제 인센티브 등을 외생변수로 처리하여 산업구조 변화의 추이와 고용유발 등을 예측하였다. 본 논문의 가설은 생명공학의 영역이 점차 증대되어 나아가기 때문에 1980년의 제반산업의 영향은 1990년의 영향보다는 적어야 한다. 즉 생명공학 관련비용 하락이 전체산업에 미치는 1980년의 생산율 증가보다 1990년의 생산율 증가가 커야 할 것이다. 본 가설에 대한 검증의 과정에서 얻은 통계치를 통해 생명공학산업이 한국 산업 전체에 미치는 영향이 10년 동안에 그 차이가 거의 없어 미성숙 단계에 있다는 결론을 짓게 되었다. 따라서 생명공학 분야의 계속적인 발전을 위해서는 선진국 수준의 독자적 기술개발을 통한 국제 경쟁력을 강화해야 하는데 이를 위한 정부 및 민간기업 투자확대와 연구개발 지원체제의 확대가 요망되고 있다.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.105-133
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• 2005

This paper attempts to verify that the economic gap between the workers in (large) firms with unions and those in (small and medium size) firms with no unions has recently been widened rapidly. A comparison of the wages of the workers belonging to the business establishments with and without trade union shows that the union premium has increased very sharply since 1997, after a relatively long periods with little changes. Also found is that union sector has witnessed a sharper decline in the share of the new entrants among workers as well as a faster increase of the average tenure of workers. These all indicate that the trade unions have forced a market equilibrium to move farther away from the competitive equilibrium in recent years.