• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.15-35
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• 2022

With the development of virtual and augmented reality technologies, the metaverse, a digital world that provides an immersive feeling like the real world, is overgrowing. Many IT companies such as Naver, Facebook (Meta), and NVIDIA are developing innovative technologies and launching the Metaverse platform and related products on the market. However, even though it is a new business in which many global big tech companies are aggressively investing, the results are not yet precise compared to the market expectations, and the rate of increase in the number of users is gradually slowing down. This can be attributed to the lack of consideration and understanding about how to grow the metaverse ecosystem and operate & harmonize various users/components from the time the metaverse platform was designed. In order to propose a better solution to these problems, this study adopts the yin-yang and five elements theory, which was created to understand the operation logic and logic of the human world for thousands of years. This research would like to propose a theory of double lines-five elements by defining two essential spaces of the metaverse platform, online and offline, and five essential elements constituting the metaverse platform. This study intends to provide a theoretical lens on how to design and operate a platform through the double lines and five elements theory and the concept of coexistence and polarity between the five elements.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.37-71
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• 2019

How has the passenger car's architecture evolved? In the meantime, the discussions on the car architecture have been mixed, i.e., integral, modular, and the coexistence of two types. Therefore, in this study, we aim to develop two indices can measure the degree of modularization of passenger car and its all modules using global trade data. By applying the indices to the framework of architecture positioning that reflects the hierarchical structure of a product, we examined that the degree of modularization of the passenger car architecture has been enhanced. Meanwhile, the degree of modularization differs across the modules that make up the car. Specifically, we observed the higher degree of modularization in front-end, cockpit and seat modules. Whereas, we found that body module had a relatively low degree of modularization. In particular, we observed that the platform of passenger car has notably modularized due to carmakers' efforts to achieve model diversification and reduction of cost and period in new product development at the same time. Interestingly, we showed that three modules, i.e., engine, chassis (relatively less modularized), and transmission (relatively highly modularized), had a different level of modularization, even if they commonly make up the platform. We contribute to the suggestion for analytical approaches that examine the degree of modularization and its progress longitudinally. In addition, we propose the necessity of decomposition of a system into elements in a study of product architecture, considering the possibly distinctive progress of modularization across the elements.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.197-216
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• 2019

The Korean government has been focusing on supporting technology startups to solve social and economic problems such as low growth, declining economic growth rate, rising youth unemployment rate and lack of new growth engine. Although the failure rate of young technology startups is very high, relevant researches are still scant. On the basis of previous researches, this study has identified four growth factors of technology startups: characteristics of entrepreneurs, technical superiority and originality of business items, focused marketing strategy, and follow-up government support projects. Five young technology startup cases were selected and analyzed in the cosmetics industry which were supported by the Six-month Challenge Platform project of Chungbuk Creation Economic Innovation Center. The main findings of the case study were as follows: First, product development through inhouse R&D rather than external contracted R&D was beneficial to acquiring follow-up government support projects and external investment. Second, choosing a small niche market and concentrating marketing efforts on the target market had a positive effect on firm performance. And, third, relevance of entrepreneurs' college major and technological originality of business items were confirmed to influence firm performance positively in the early stage. The results are expected to help young technology startups survive successfully and establish a foothold for growth in their early stage.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.81-97
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• 2010

CJ O shopping performs well in the mature home shopping market as they develop differentiated product assortments, valuable program and platforms, and enhance the customer service. This case examined the reason why CJOShopping needed to change their strategy and how they implement the strategy. Specifically, this case investigated how they established their new vision, why they changed their name, how they differentiated themselves in retail mix perspective, and how good their performance were. Future challenges and suggestions are discussed at the end.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.169-177
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• 2019

The city is experiencing various problems such as traffic congestion, environmental pollution, urban crime, and faces the limit of growth. Recently, various attempts to build a Smart City have been spreading around the world, in order to solve these problems. Smart City is attracting attention as the core platform of the future city with the $4^{th}$ industrial revolution. However, various definitions of smart city are mixed, and the methods and strategies for implementing smart city are changing or evolving due to the development of technology and the experience during that time. This study summarizes the definition of various smart city through literature review and suggests smart city building strategy that enables sustainable growth of cities as a platform of the $4^{th}$ industrial revolution era.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.71-90
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• 2020

Recently, the global insurance industry is rapidly developing digital transformation through the use of artificial intelligence technologies such as machine learning, natural language processing, and deep learning. As a result, more and more foreign insurers have achieved the success of artificial intelligence technology-based InsurTech and platform business, and Ping An Insurance Group Ltd., China's largest private company, is leading China's global fourth industrial revolution with remarkable achievements in InsurTech and Digital Platform as a result of its constant innovation, using 'finance and technology' and 'finance and ecosystem' as keywords for companies. In response, this study analyzed the InsurTech and platform business activities of Ping An Insurance Group Ltd. through the ser-M analysis model to provide strategic implications for revitalizing AI technology-based businesses of domestic insurers. The ser-M analysis model has been studied so that the vision and leadership of the CEO, the historical environment of the enterprise, the utilization of various resources, and the unique mechanism relationships can be interpreted in an integrated manner as a frame that can be interpreted in terms of the subject, environment, resource and mechanism. As a result of the case analysis, Ping An Insurance Group Ltd. has achieved cost reduction and customer service development by digitally innovating its entire business area such as sales, underwriting, claims, and loan service by utilizing core artificial intelligence technologies such as facial, voice, and facial expression recognition. In addition, "online data in China" and "the vast offline data and insights accumulated by the company" were combined with new technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data analysis to build a digital platform that integrates financial services and digital service businesses. Ping An Insurance Group Ltd. challenged constant innovation, and as of 2019, sales reached $155 billion, ranking seventh among all companies in the Global 2000 rankings selected by Forbes Magazine. Analyzing the background of the success of Ping An Insurance Group Ltd. from the perspective of ser-M, founder Mammingz quickly captured the development of digital technology, market competition and changes in population structure in the era of the fourth industrial revolution, and established a new vision and displayed an agile leadership of digital technology-focused. Based on the strong leadership led by the founder in response to environmental changes, the company has successfully led InsurTech and Platform Business through innovation of internal resources such as investment in artificial intelligence technology, securing excellent professionals, and strengthening big data capabilities, combining external absorption capabilities, and strategic alliances among various industries. Through this success story analysis of Ping An Insurance Group Ltd., the following implications can be given to domestic insurance companies that are preparing for digital transformation. First, CEOs of domestic companies also need to recognize the paradigm shift in industry due to the change in digital technology and quickly arm themselves with digital technology-oriented leadership to spearhead the digital transformation of enterprises. Second, the Korean government should urgently overhaul related laws and systems to further promote the use of data between different industries and provide drastic support such as deregulation, tax benefits and platform provision to help the domestic insurance industry secure global competitiveness. Third, Korean companies also need to make bolder investments in the development of artificial intelligence technology so that systematic securing of internal and external data, training of technical personnel, and patent applications can be expanded, and digital platforms should be quickly established so that diverse customer experiences can be integrated through learned artificial intelligence technology. Finally, since there may be limitations to generalization through a single case of an overseas insurance company, I hope that in the future, more extensive research will be conducted on various management strategies related to artificial intelligence technology by analyzing cases of multiple industries or multiple companies or conducting empirical research.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.75-88
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• 2010

Business models in open market systems targeting smart phone users are determined by several important factors. First, by providing developers efficient technical platforms, it contains a setting for developers to learn, apply and improve the skills relating to the product category easily while they stay beyond a corporate boundary. Second, by the first condition, a huge population of talented developers becomes to join a specific open market where will invite more customers to use their applications. Hence it will attract more and more developer participants who will finally give a rise to a persistent market growth. Third, the evaluation system between platform providers and application producers, and one between application producers and application users may underlie the trust relationships between them. The research conducted a multiple embedded case study to test the success factors of open market based business models. It focused on smart phone game communities that have installed user evaluation, and feedback systems. The user innovation empowerment model within the social game networks has highlighted the theories on the roles and characteristics of lead users, and lead user network behaviors for future NPD participations.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.43-66
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• 2024

In an era where digital technology reshapes brand-consumer interactions, this study examines the influence of Nike's Run Club and Adidas' Runtastic apps on loyalty and advocacy. Analyzing 3,715 English reviews from January 2020 to October 2023 through text mining, and conducting a focused sentiment analysis on 155 'recommend' mentions, we explore the nuances of 'hot loyalty'. The findings reveal Nike as a 'companion' with an emphasis on emotional engagement, versus Runtastic's 'tool' focus on reliability. This underscores the varied consumer perceptions across similar platforms, highlighting the necessity for brands to integrate user preferences and address technical flaws to foster loyalty. Demonstrating how customized technology adaptations impact loyalty, this research offers crucial insights for digital brand strategy, suggesting a proactive approach in app development and management for brand loyalty enhancement

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.747-754
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• 2023

With the development of information and communication technology, online fractional investment platforms have emerged through the convergence of online platform technology and new investment techniques for asset-backed derivatives. In this study, the concept and previous studies of the online fractional investment platform business, commercialization models and service processes, market status, and pending discussions and alternatives were presented. Recently, the Securities and Futures Commission's decision on securitization of split ownership has become an important guide to the stable business sustainability of platform operators, but academic research is needed according to the current status and case analysis. To identify specific market issues, examples of representative online fractional investment securitization platform businesses such as "MusiCow" for music copyright, "Tessa" based on art, "Kasa" for real estate, "Piece" based on real assets, and "BangCow" for Korean beef shipments were analyzed. Through the case analysis of this study, the characteristics of the business model according to the basic assets of the online fractional investment platform were compared and presented. Since most business models are judged to be securitic, they must comply with the provisions of the Capital Markets Act or be recognized as the target of innovative financial services. From a practical point of view, it is meaningful in that it presented improvement directions that online fractional securitization platform operators should consider and organized institutional considerations for investor protection.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.151-163
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• 2020

The routinized tasks in the post-COVID era are to be replaced by digital technologies, while there is a high possibility that digital transformation technologies and non-routinized tasks have strong complementarity. In particular, looking at the job composition within Korea's industries, the intensities of routinized works appear to be continuously rising. It suggests that the potential side effects on the labor market caused by the acceleration of digital transformation in the post-COVID era will be greater within Korean innovation system. With this background, this study aims to provide a conceptual framework for dealing with potential crises such as, job polarization and widening gaps between workers in terms of economic earnings, based on an in-depth understanding of the inherent properties of digital transformation that will lead to structural changes in our economic and social system. In particular, focusing on the interaction between digital transformation technology and learning in the post-COVID era, this study attempts to redefine the role of the innovation policy for making a successful transition to a new equilibrium state. In addition, this study examines the institutional conditions of the Korean innovation system which affect the creative learning activities of economic actors to draw policy implications for establishing future-oriented innovation policy. Based on these approaches, this study highlights the importance of coevolution between the skills demand and skills supply to spur inclusiveness of Korean innovation system in the post-COVID era.