• Title/Summary/Keyword: 경송류

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Species Analysis of Wooden Elements Used in the Bulgapsa Temple of YeongGwang (영광 불갑사 대웅전 목부재의 수종)

  • Park, Won-Kyu;Nam, Tea-Gwang
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.33 no.3 s.131
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    • pp.11-21
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this study was to identify the species of the woods used in the main building (Daewoongjeon) of Bulgapsa temple in YeongGwang. Eighty eight woods sampled were divided into four parts; pillars(21), rafters(19), purlins(16) and other wood elements(12). Four species were identified; Pinus spp. (hard pines; diploxylon), Abies spp., Quercus spp. and Zelkova serrata Makino. Pillars and corner-angle rafters were mainly Zelkova; however, other wood elements were mostly Pinus spp. The high ratio of Zelkova in this building would be ascribed to the preference of this species to pines owing to its superior quality before the late Chosun Dynasty.

Species Identification of Wooden Members in the Youngsanjeon Hall of Sucknamsa Temple (안성 석남사 영산전 목부재의 수종 분석)

  • Park, Won-Kyu;Jeong, Hyun-Min;Kim, Sang-Kyu
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.36 no.1
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study is to examine the species of wooden members used in the Youngsanjeon Hall of the Sucknamsa temple in Anseong, Korea. Ninety-five wood samples from pillars, head-penetrating ties, beams, corner rafter, rafter, floor board and other wood members were identified. Seven species identified were hard pine, exotic pine, Zelkova serrata, Ginkgo biloba, Diospyros, Quercus(Cerrus) and Pyrus spp. In the case of pillars, eight were hard pines and the others Zelkova and Pyrus. Species of angle rafter were Ginkgo biloba and Zelkova. and those of beams were one hard pine and one Zelkova. Two purlin samples were Quercus(Cerrus) and rafters were hard pines except one Ginkgo and one exotic pine. Roof-filling timbers were identified as Zelkova and Diospyros spp. The other samples of roof-filling timbers were all identified as hard pines. The use of Ginkgo and several hardwoods in addition to hard pines may indicate supply of local logs near the Sucknamsa temple.

Species Identification and Radiocarbon Dating for the Wooden Board from Daebudo Shipwreck No.2 Using Wiggle Matching (대부도2호선 목부재의 수종과 위글매치를 이용한 방사성탄소연대 분석)

  • Nam, Tae Gwang;Yoon, Yong Hee;Kim, Eung Ho
    • Journal of Conservation Science
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    • v.34 no.5
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    • pp.359-368
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this study was to analyze the wood species of the stern plank and persimmon seed from Daebudo shipwreck No.2 excavated from Daebudo, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, and Gyeonggi-do by wiggle-matching of radiocarbon measurements. Results of the analysis showed that all the wooden boards of the hull were made from Pinus Hard Pine Group. The other parts of hull and wooden pegs were made from Pinus Hard Pine Group, Castanea spp., Quercus spp. sect. Lepidobalanus, Alnus spp., and Zelkova serrata Makino. Excavated wide-tooth wooden comb and fine-tooth bamboo comb were made from Acer spp. and Bambusoideae. Excavated rope was made from Pueraria thunbergiana Benth. The stern plank, wooden support, and persimmon stone showed ${\pm}2{\sigma}$ radiocarbon date(95.4% confidence interval) of AD 1151-1224. This indicated that the Daebudo shipwreck No.2 occurred during the early or middle 12-13th century. Our radiocarbon dating results confirmed the date speculated by archeologists based on the ceramic style.

Species Identification and Tree-Ring Analysis of Wooden Elements in Daewoong-jeon of Hwagye-temple, Seoul, Korea (서울 화계사 대웅전 목부재의 수종 및 연륜연대 분석)

  • Lee, Kwang Hee;Park, Chang Hyun;Kim, Soo Chul
    • Journal of Conservation Science
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    • v.36 no.5
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    • pp.326-332
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    • 2020
  • The this study's objective was to conduct species identification and tree-ring dating for the wood elements of Daewoong-jeon(main temple), Hwagye-temple, Seoul, Korea. Most of the wood elements were made from Pinus spp.(hard pine). However, one large beam was constructed from Abies spp.. For the tree-ring dating, cores were taken from the elements using a drill, and ring-width plots of individual samples were produced with the TSAP software program. The tree-ring dating results showed that, the date of the outermost ring of most elements (20 elements), including beams and pillars, were from AD 1839 to 1870. Among them, five elements had bark, and felling dates were AD 1868 and 1869. These dates confirmed the historical records that Daewoongjeon was rebuilt in AD 1870 from the records of hidden materials(Bokjangmul) in Jongdori by the survey 2012.

Conservation of Sabot from Gosan Yoon Sun-Do Site, Bogildo, Wando-gun (완도(莞島) 보길도(甫吉島) 고산(孤山) 윤선도(尹善道) 유적(遺跡) 나막신의 보존(保存))

  • Cha, Miyoung;Park, Youngman
    • Conservation Science in Museum
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    • v.7
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    • pp.63-68
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    • 2006
  • Gwangju National Museum performed conservation treatment of clogs excavated from the remains related to Yun Sundo in Bogildo, Wando Island; the remains had been excavated and surveyed by Jeonnam Cultural property Research Center. The tree type used for the clogs was identified as Pinus sp. (hard pine); it was treated with PEG-vacuum freeze-drying after the t-butanol replacement.

Species Identification of Waterlogged Woods from Gosan Yoon Sun-Do Site, Bogildo, Wando-gun (완도(莞島) 보길도(甫吉島) 고산(孤山) 윤선도(尹善道) 유적(遺蹟) 수침고목재(水浸古木材)의 수종식별(樹種識別))

  • Park, Youngman
    • Conservation Science in Museum
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    • v.7
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    • pp.69-73
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    • 2006
  • This study is the investigation of the tree type of six waterlogged archaeological wood excavated from the remains related to Yun Sundo in Bogildo, Wando Island; the remains had been excavated and surveyed by Jeonnam Cultural property Research Center. The identification result was four Pinus sp. (hard pine), one loquat and one Symplocaceae. All the identified tree types are subtropical ones and they are common in Bogildo, Wando Island.

Species Identification of Wooden Elements Used for Daewungbojeon Hall in the Magoksa Temple, Gongju (공주 마곡사 대웅보전 목부재의 수종분석)

  • Kim, Soo-Chul;Jang, Jin-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.43 no.3
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    • pp.295-303
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    • 2015
  • Daewungbojeon hall of Magoksa temple is a korean traditional wood building well representing Joseon Dynasty architecture in the 17th century. The purpose of this study was to identify the wood species of 42 wooden elements collected from Pillar (Gidung), Head-penetrating tie (Changbang), Pyeongbang, Angle rafter (Chunyeo), End-angle rafter (Sarae) and Hwalju. According to the microscopical investigation, Pillar, Head-penetrating tie, Pyeongbang and Hwalju were identified as domestic hard pine species. However, Chunyeo were identified as either Zelkova serrata Makino or Gingko biloba L. and Sarae as exotic hard pine species. It might be related to the high replace rate of wood elements for the roof. Especially, exotic hard pine species seem to be replaced in recent years when Daewungbojeon hall was repaired.

Microscopical Characteristics of Softwood Sawdusts Cultivated with Enokitake (Flammulina velutipes) (1주기 수확을 끝낸 팽이버섯(Flammulina velutipes) 재래용 톱밥배지 분해의 현미경적 특징)

  • 이광호;김윤수;이성진;채정기
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.102-107
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    • 2001
  • This study was carried out to explore for the possibility of recycling the pine wood sawdusts for the substrate for enokitake (Flammulina velutipes) cultivation. The wood species of sawdusts cultivated for enokitake mushroom were identified mostly as hard pine (Pinus spp.). Distribution of enokitake hyphae was restricted to ray parenchymas and tracheids exposed to fungi. Nevertheless, degree of cell wall degradation by enokitake was slight. Light microscopic observation showed the thinning of secondary cell wall in some tracheids. Under polarized microscopy the 1()ss of birefringence was observed only in a few latewood tracheids. All the middle lamella remained intact. The present work showed clearly that pine sawdusts used as substrate for enokitake cultivation held enough cell wall materials for mushroom cultivation. The relative resistance of softwood cell walls against enokitake fungus was also discussed.

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Physiological and degradational characteristics of Armillaria mellea (뽕나무버섯균의 생리적 특성 및 부후특성)

  • Chai, Jung-Ki;Kim, Yoon-Soo;Lee, Kwang-Ho;Kim, Hyun-Ju;Kim, Hyun-Suk;Chai, Young-Woo;Kim, Jong-Soe
    • Journal of Mushroom
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.24-30
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    • 2005
  • To study the cultural characteristics and wood rotting ability of the secondary mycellia of Armillaria mellea, it was cultivated on the various media. The optimal mycelial growth condition was 20~27 and pH 5.0~6.5 on PDB. A. mellea grew well on MEA, PDA and GP. Lactose and mannitol as carbon sources and glutamic acid as nitrogen sources were found to be effective as additives. A. mellea employed in this study have the characteristics of white rot types. Pine and oak wood were selected as candidates for sawdust substrate.

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Identification and Physical Characteristics of the Ancient Charcoals Excavated from Chudong-ri Site, Korea (서천 추동리 문화유적에서 채취된 숯의 수종식별과 물리적 특성)

  • Kim, Myung-Jin;Lee, Jong-Shin;Park, Soon-Bal
    • Journal of Conservation Science
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    • v.24
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    • pp.13-22
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    • 2008
  • The identification of species, hygroscopic property, and ability of ethylene gas absorption of 23 ancient charcoals excavated from wooden coffin burials and roof-tile kilns of Chudong-ri cultural site were investigated. All of the 12 charcoals excavated from wooden coffin burials were broad-leaved trees. Among the total 12 samples, 9 samples were Lepidobalanus and others were Celtis spp.. On the other hand, other 11 charcoals from roof-tile kilns were needle-leaved tree, Pinus spp.(hard pine). The broad-leaved tree charcoals from wooden coffin burials showed a higher moisture absorption capacity than needle-leaved tree charcoals from roof-tile kilns. The ethylene gas absorption was greater in the Lepidobalanus charcoal than that of Celtis spp. and Pinus spp. (hard pine) charcoal. The broad-leaved tree charcoal having high absorption ability of substances was due to a large microporous and specific surface area. Therefore, it was estimated that broad-leaved tree charcoals were filled in order to make favorable condition in tomb. The wood quality of pine is soft and easy to burn because of low specific gravity, as well as high calorific value by resin in wood. We could assume that the pine wood was used as fuel for roof-tile kilns because of easy control of heating and thermal power.

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