• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.47-54
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• 2011

Consolidation behavior of soft clay is generally to be affected by its compressibility and deformation characteristics. Especially, soil permeability depends on soil characteristics including its type of anisotropy. Coefficient of permeability of soft clay is mostly estimated by using laboratory(Oedometer test) and in-stiu piezocone test. The permeability characteristics of soft clay is estimated by excess pore pressure dissipation test results. In this study, the tests were performed to find out the validity of the existing theoretical formula in clay by pore pressure dissipation test and laboratory test results. After grasping of variation the coefficient of permeability ratio(${k_{h}/k_{v}}$) in different clay soils, it was found out adequate solution of in-stiu permeability ratio(${k_{h}/k_{v}}$). Piezocone tests and laboratory tests were performed at the site of pilot project of ground improvement at Yangsan-Mulgeum, Gyeongsangnam-do. Comparisons of the estimated values of ${k_{h}/k_{v}}$ using piezocone tests results and those from laboratory consolidation tests were carried out. Test results show that values of ${k_{h}/k_{v}}$ by piezocone test result(5.85) is similar of it's laboratory test(5.28).

• Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.616-626
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• 2018

The quality standards of solid refuse fuel (SRF) define the values for 12 physico-chemical properties, including moisture, lower heating value, and metal compounds, according to Article 20 of the Enforcement Rules of the Act on Resource Saving and Recycling Promotion. These parameters are evaluated via various SRF Quality Test Methods, but problems related to the heavy metal content have been observed in the microwave acid digestion method. Therefore, these methods and their applicability need improvement. In this study, the appropriate testing conditions were derived by varying the parameters of microwave acid digestion, such as microwave power and pre-treatment time. The pre-treatment of SRF as a function of the microwave power revealed an incomplete decomposition of the sample at 600 W, and the heavy metal content analysis was difficult to perform under 9 mL of nitric acid and 3 mL of hydrochloric acid. The experiments with the reference materials under nitric acid at 600 W lasted 30 minutes, and 1,000 W for 20 or 30 minutes were considered optimal conditions. The results confirmed that a mixture of SRF and an acid would take about 20 minutes to reach $180^{\circ}C$, requiring at least 30 minutes of pre-treatment. The accuracy was within 30% of the standard deviation, with a precision of 70 ~ 130% of the heavy metal recovery rate. By applying these conditions to SRF, the results for each condition were not significantly different and the heavy metal standards for As, Pb, Cd, and Cr were satisfied.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.62
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• pp.67-85
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• 2016

This paper review literary trend in the late Yuan and the early Ming dynasty and the position of Song lian 宋濂's literature in that time. Analyzing his literary theory chronologically, this paper were able to reveal that Song lian had falled into ancient prose of the Chin and Han dynasty for a long time. He have been symply summarized as a confucian literary man, but he could not extricate himself from ancient prose during youth and his manhood. It was only after that he met his teacher Huang jin 黃? and withdrew into the six confucian classics and began to have a view of literature based in confusian. But he still wasn't able to rid himself of the temptation of ancient prose. At the age of fifty, assisting Zhu Yuanzhang 朱元璋 in founding Ming dynasty, he's built up his own view of literature based in the Six Confucian Classics 六經, confucian scholars during the Song dynasty, ancient prose of the Tang and Song dynasty like as Hanyu 韓愈 and Ouyang Xiu 歐陽脩's works. In short, undergoing a complete transformation individually and historically through a tumultuous period of the late Yuan and the early Ming, Song lian could establish his own view of literature based in confusian and present ideological coordinates and a new model of the Ming literature.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.237-243
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• 2021

This study was attempted to identify the difference between nursing competencies and major satisfaction before and after the first clinical practice of nursing college students and use it as basic data for efficient clinical practice education. Data collection by single group pre- and post-design was conducted from February 18 to April 23, 2019 for 201 nursing college students before and after clinical practice for 8 weeks. The collected data were analyzed by frequency, paried t-test, and Pearson's Correlation, Multiple Regression using SPSS/Win 23.0. As a result of the study, Nursing competency increased after the first clinical practice than before, but it was not significant(t=-1.73, p=.084). Among the sub-factors of nursing competency, educational ability(t=-1.97, p=.050) and ethical practical ability(t=-209, p=.038) was found to increase significantly. Major satisfaction was significantly increased after clinical practice than before(t=-2.45, p=.015). After clinical practice, it was found that general satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, and recognition satisfaction which are sub-factors of major satisfaction, had a positive correlation with nursing competency. As a result of analyzing the impact on nursing competency, it was found that recognition satisfaction explains nursing competency as 9.9%. Therefore, it is necessary to reorganize the clinical practice curriculum that can improve nursing competency, develop a program that can improve major satisfaction, and verify the effectiveness.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.336-344
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify the self-awareness of smartphone dependence among undergraduate students and their response to the same. The data was drawn from a survey on smartphone overdependence conducted by the Ministry of Science and information and communications technology (ICT) and the National Information Society Agency in 2017. The responses of 1,735 undergraduate students were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, minimum-maximum value, ��2-test, independent t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results indicated that 22.3% of participants were at risk of smartphone dependence, and 63.6% of them were unaware of their dependence on smartphones. The perception of smartphone dependence was significantly associated with a higher risk of smartphone dependence (��=.35, p=.000) and the increasing use of applications such as games (��=.19, p=.000), television/video (��=.11, p=.000), and learning (��=.11, p=.000). Of the participants with dependence awareness, only a few knew about the existence of centers to prevent smartphone and internet dependence. Moreover, they rarely utilized these centers. However, the participants felt the need for more counseling agencies (26.8%), programs for dealing with oneself (23.2%), information about smartphone dependence (14.9%), and help to overcome dependence (10.9%). These findings show the need to establish public services so that students can easily access correct information on smartphone dependence and address this problem.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.333-339
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• 2020

Pheromone-based techniques are becoming a viable strategy of insect pest management as facilitated by the exponential increase in numbers of pheromone identifications from many insect pests. This is the report on the efficacy of pheromone-mediated chemical communication disruption (PCD) technique against the Korean population of smaller clearwing moths, Synanthedon tenuis (Butler) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) using its female sex pheromone component, (Z, Z)-3, 13-octadecadien-1-ol. The PCD trials were carried out four times during 2016 and 2017 in persimmon orchards located at Suncheon and Jinju Cities in Korea, and the PCD efficacy was expressed as the mean differences in the seasonal catches of S. tenuis males in the PCD and control plots. The seasonal male moth catches in monitoring traps installed in the PCD plots were significantly lower as compared with those installed in the control plots. Consequently, the PCD efficacy in the experimental orchards ranged from 95.2-100% with an average efficacy of 98.8 ± 1.2%, revealing a future possibility of pheromone-based management of S. tenuis.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.44-51
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• 2021

Centella asiatica (L.) Urban is a medicinal plant containing madecassic acid, triterpenoids and asiaticoside, and has a wound healing effect. However, since it grows only in some regions of Korea, it is necessary to breed stable varieties. In this study, it were analyzed for the growth characteristics, asiaticoside, anxiodant components and 2,2-diphenyl-1picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavening activity of C. asiatica collected from domestic natural habitat (Hapcheon, Gyeongnam). In the growth characteristics of each resource, CA9 and CA10 were superior in characteristics of aerial part and in dry weight. In asiaticoside content analysis, CA5 and CA3 were high with 53.96 mg/g and 52.40 mg/g, respectively. CA12 showed the possibility of development because the resource showed high in total flavonoid (7.3 mg/g), total polyphenol (10.64 mg/g) and DPPH activity (11.96 mg AAE/g) among other resources. However, it is necessary to select a resource suitable for each characteristic of C. asiatica and to study charateristics through additional resources collection since the excellent growth characteristics of the collected resources do not necessarily coincide with the content and antioxidant activities.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.433-441
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to identify the moderated effects of emotional intelligence on the relationship between academic stress and smartphone addiction among high school students. Subjects were 207 associate high school students. The data were collected using self -report questionnaire from December 1 to December 23, 2019. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, pearson correlation and hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 23. Mean point of academic stress(5 point scale) was 2.75, emotional intelligence(5 point scale) was 3.63 and smartphone addiction(4 point scale) was 2.18. Academic stress were negative correlation with emotional intelligence(r=-.15, p =.030) and positive correlation with smartphone addiction(r=.25, p<.001). Emotional intelligence were negative correlation with smartphone addiction(r=-.25, p<.001). Emotional intelligence has been shown to modulate the relationship between academic stress and smartphone addiction(F=10.45. p<.001) Therefore, to decrease the academic stress and smartphone addiction of high school students, It is necessary to develop the program for increase emotional intelligence of high school students.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.41-48
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• 2022

This study tried to empirically explore which issues related to the social service agency for public(as below SSA), that is, social perceptions were formed, by using mess media related to the SSA. This study is meaningful in that it identifies the overall social perception and trend of SSA through public opinion. In order to extract media trend data, the search used the big data analysis system, Textom, to collect data from the representative portals Naver News and Daum News. The collected texts were 1,299 in 2020 and 1,410 in 2021, for a total of 2,709. As a result of the analysis, first, the most derived words in relation to the frequency of text appearance were 'SSA', 'establishment', and 'operation'. Second, as a result of the N-gram analysis, the pairs of words directly related to the SSA 'SSA and public', 'SSA and opening', 'SSA and launch', and 'SSA and Department Director', 'SSA and Staff', 'SSA and Caregiver' etc. Third, in the results of TF-IDF analysis and word network analysis, similar to the word occurrence frequency and N-gram results, 'establishment', 'operation', 'public', 'launch', 'provided', 'opened', ' 'Holding' and 'Care' were derived. Based on the above analysis results, it was suggested to strengthen the emergency care support group, to commercialize it in detail, and to stabilize jobs.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.180-186
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• 2021

Typical bacterial symptoms, water-soaking brown and black leaf spots with yellow halo, were observed on watermelon seedlings in nursery and field of Gyeongnam and Jeonnam provinces. Bacterial isolates from the lesion showed strong pathogenicity on watermelon and zucchini. One of them was rod-shaped with 4 polar flagella by observation of transmission electron microscopy. They belonged to LOPAT group 1. The phylogenical trees with nucleotide sequences of 16S rRNA and multi-locus sequencing typing with the 4 house-keeping genes (gapA, gltA, gyrB, and rpoD) of the isolates showed they were highly homologous to Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and grouped together with them, indicating that they were appeared as P. syringae genomospecies group 1. Morphological, physiological, and genetical characteristics of the isolates suggested they are P. syringae pv. syringae. We believe this is the first report that P. syringae pv. syringae caused leaf spot disease on watermelon in the Republic of Korea.