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The Examination of Refractive Correction and Heterophoria and Monocular Pupillary Distance on Myopic Elementary School Children Wearing Glasses in Gwangju City (광주지역 근시안경 착용 초등학생의 굴절상태와 사위 및 단안PD에 대한 조사)

  • Hwang, Kwang-Ha;Seong, Jeong-Sub
    • Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.71-75
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    • 2009
  • Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the condition of refractive correction and heterophoria and monocular pupillary distance on myopic elementary school children wearing glasses in Gwangju city. Methods: Subjective refraction and objective refraction were examined after investigating heterophoria and monocular pupillary distance on 145 (290eye) elementary school children wearing myopia-corrected glasses. Results: 1. Anisometropia > 2.00 D was present in 4 children (3%). 2. 9 anisometropia (47%) were present in 19 undercorrected visual acuity boy wearers. and 16 anisometropia (64%) were present in 25 undercorrected visual acuity girl wearers. 3. Among the 67 myopic glasses boy wearers, the distance between optical centers was coincided with the pupillary distance in 30% (Oculus Uterque), and discrepant in 70% (Oculus Uterque). Among the 78 myopic glasses girl wearers, the distance between optical centers was coincided with the pupillary distance in 23% (Oculus Uterque), and discrepant in 77% (Oculus Uterque). The mean optical center distance was longer than the pupillary distance on both boy and girl wearers 4. The result of measured heterophoria revealed 14% for orthophoria, 63% for exophoria, 23% for esophoria at far distance and 10% for orthophoria, 76% for exophoria, 14% for esophoria at near distance. Conclusions: Correct refractive test and monocular pupillary distance must be examined because incorrect refractive test and pupillary distance induce asthenopia and heterophoria.

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The Effect of Pseudoneglect on Visual Perception and Driving : Using a Driving Simulator (가성무시가 시지각과 운전수행에 미치는 영향 : 드라이빙 시뮬레이터를 이용하여)

  • Jang, Sung-Lee;Ku, Bon-Dae;Na, Duk-Lyul;Lee, Jang-Han
    • 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2009.02a
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    • pp.1233-1238
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    • 2009
  • This study's aim was to confirm that pseudoneglect affects visual attention through car laterality, using a driving simulator with either bisection or quadrisection strategies being applied to road usage. On the pencil and paper tests, the left quadrisection and bisection marks deviated significantly to the left. While driving, the car was significantly lateralized to the right of the lane regardless of conditions. However, in terms of relative laterality, the biggest left laterality occurred on roads 1(bisection), while the smallest left laterality occurred on roads 2 (right quadrisection). Thus, the effect of pseudoneglect was demonstrated in both the pencil and paper tests and the driving simulation task. Also, roads 2 and 4, which were driven on the right side of the lane, showed a tendency for drivers to avoid the centerline, as this was the expected cause of right laterality. This study demonstrated that the pseudoneglect phenomenon can occur in a routine driving task.

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A Comparative Study on Image Quality of Breast Image Tests using ACR Phantom (ACR 팬텀을 이용한 시스템별 유방검사 영상의 비교 연구)

  • Hong, Dong-Hee;Jung, Hong-Ryang;Lim, Cheong-Hwan
    • Journal of radiological science and technology
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.241-247
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    • 2006
  • Recently, interests and utilization on Computed Radiography(CR) and Digital Radiography(DR) tends to increase owing to an introduction of Picture Archiving and Communication System(PACS) and an accuracy control of special medical equipment for a breast imaging examination. This study was intended to compare and analyze a detector's imaging quality by each system to be used for the breast imaging examination by using ACR Phantom used at the accuracy control. As an evaluation method, a significance and reliability of image's value using the ACR Phantom was analyzed by using SPSS program. The results are followed. 1. For the fiber, there was 3.9 score in Screen-Film, 4.2 score in CR($50{\mu}m$), 3.2 score in CR($100{\mu}m$), and 4.2 score in DR. There was the high score in the order of CR($50{\mu}m$), DR, Screen-Film, and CR($100{\mu}m$)(P<0.05). 2. For the calcification, there was 2.7 score in Screen-Film, 2.5 score in CR($50{\mu}m$), 2.0 score in CR($100{\mu}m$), and 2.9 score in DR. There was the high score in the order of DR, Screen-Film, CR($50{\mu}m$), and CR($100{\mu}m$).(0.025(P<0.05). 3. For Mass, there was 3.8 score in Screen-Film, 3.8 score in CR($50{\mu}m$), 3.6 score in CR($100{\mu}m$), and 4.5 score in DR. There was the high score in the order of DR, CR($50{\mu}m$), Screen-Film, and CR($100{\mu}m$) (P<0.1). 4. As the total score, there was 10.4 score in Screen-Film, 10.6 score in CR($50{\mu}m$), 8.7 score in CR($100{\mu}m$), and 11.3 score in DR. There was the high score in the order of DR, $CR(50{\mu}m$), Screen-Film, and $CR(100{\mu}m$). As shown in the above results, it can be known that DR and Screen-Film System has higher image quality than CR. But, DR has unstability caused by element, and Screen-Film has the low image quality caused by artifact as disadvantages. When Dual-Side CR($50{\mu}m$) was used among CR systems which had the problem of low image quality, it was indicated that there was no difference with Screen-Film System. Because the radiation imaging examination tends to become digitalized, each system for the breast imaging examination will need to be developed and supplemented.

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Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Comparison of Bone-Patellar tendon-Bone Grafts with Hamstring Tendon Grafts (자가 슬개건과 자가 슬괵건을 이용한 전방십자인대 재건술의 비교)

  • Choi, Sung-Wook;Oh, In-Suk;Kim, Ryuh-Sup;Kim, Myung-Ku;Bae, Joo-Han;Park, Hae-Bong
    • Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the results of the arthroscopic reconstruction of ACL using autologous hamstring tendon and autologous bone-patellar tendon-bone. Materials and Methods: From January, 2000 to December, 2004, 120 patients underwent arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using autologous hamstring tendon(60 cases) and autologous bone-patellar tendon-bone(BPTB)(60 cases). The mean followed up period of hamstring tendon group was 42 months(range $24{\sim}69$ months) and patellar tendon group was 52 months(range $24{\sim}84$ months). At the time of the final follow up, sixty patients in each group were evaluated the results of physical examination, activity level, patients' satisfaction, functional status, and objective anteriror stability using KT-2000 arthrometer. Results: At the time of the final follow up we compared the two groups who had ACL reconstruction using either autologous hamstring tendon or BPTB, and the final results of the Lachman test showed negative, or mildly positive in 85%(51 cases) of the hamstring tendon group and 90%(54 cases) of the BPTB group. Pivot shift test indicated positive in both groups, 8%(5 cases) and 5%(3 cases) respectively and showed no statistically significant difference. The evaluation of the anterior laxity using the KT-2000 arthrometer revealed no significant difference in the hamstring and BPTB groups: differences less than 3 mm compared to the healthy side were 85%(51 cases) and 90%(54 cases)(p>0.05). The Lysholm score improved from a preoperative score of 51 to a postoperative score of 79.1 in the hamstring groups and from 52 to 82.2 in the BPTB groups. According to the IKDC rating system, 87%(52 cases) were normal or near normal in the hamstring group. In the BPTB group, 83%(50 cases) were normal or near normal. The Tegner score for the hamstring groups was 4.8 preoperatively and 7.1 at the final follow up, and the Tegner score for the BPTB groups was 4.5 preoperatively and 7.3 after the last follow-up. The anterior knee pain was found in 7%(4 cases) in the hamstring tendon group and 10%(6 cases) in the patellar tendon group. Conclusion: Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using both the autologous hamstring tendon and the patellar tendon during their mid term follow up period demonstrated excellent results. However, the final results during their last follow up showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups.

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A Study on the Side Effect of the Splint Therapy for the Patient with Craniomandlbular Disorders (교합상을 이용한 치료가 두개하악장애 환자에 미치는 부작용에 관한 연구)

  • 김영구;이승우;정성창
    • Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.45-53
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    • 1991
  • 저자는 두개하악 장애로 교합상치료를 받고있는 42명의 환자를 대상으로 치료전, 치료후 1개월, 3개월, 6개월째에 주관적 평가, 임상적 검사, 근전도 검사, 컴퓨터 교합 분석을 시행하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 주관적 평가인 visual analogue scale과 Helkimo's anamnestic dysfunction index는 유의하게 감소하였다. 임상적 검사시 MM(mandibular movement), TM(TMJ capsule palpation), EM(extraoral muscle palpation), Di(Helkimo's clinical dysfuction index)는 유의하게 감소하였고 무통성 개구량은 유의하게 감소하였다. 2. 42명의 환자중 10명에서 교합변화가 관찰되었으며, 5명에서 치주질환, 2명에서 치아 과민감, 1명에서 구토경향이 관찰되었다. 3. 치주칠환을 보이는 10명의 환자중 3명은 교합상치료 이전부터 치주질환에 이환된 상태였으며 3명에서는 교합변화가 함께 관찰되었다. 4. 교합변화를 보인 10명의 환자중 교합상의 장착시간을 줄였을 때, 3명이 원래의 교합상태로 회복되었고 4명은 부분적으로 회복되었으며 3명에서는 변화를 관찰할 수 없었다. 5. 악관절 내장 제 5기 환자에서 교합변화가 더 빈번히 나타났으며 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 6. Habitual clenching 시와 Maximal clenching 시 사이의 치아접촉점 수, maximal clenching 시의 치아 접촉점의 수와 접촉 치아수 사이에 매우 유의한 상관관계를 보였고, habitual clenching 시의 치아접촉점의 수와 접촉 치아수, Habitual clenching 시와 maximal clenching시 사이의 치아 접촉시간에서도 유의한 상관관계를 보였다.

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Prevention of FMD in slaughter house (도축장에서의 구제역 방역 문제점 및 대책)

  • 박재명;강신석;이종진;최필규;최해연
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.161-164
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    • 2001
  • 구제역 발생시 구체적인 방역요령은 "구제역 긴급 행동지침"에 따라 방역조치가 수행되며, 이 요령에서 정하지 못하는 사항들은 행정지침으로 전달된 방법에 따라 수행하게 된다. 본 기고는 구제역 방역을 일선에서 시행한 결과를 토대로 재검토한 바, 모든 감수성 동물은 최종도착지가 도축장인 점을 감안할 때 도축장방역이 매우 중요함에도 불구하고 "구제역 긴급 행동지침"이 구체적이지 못하였으며 일선 방역 검사기관의 능력과 여건이 고려되지 않고 방역 및 검사업무는 물론 제반 행정사항을 검사원에게 일임함으로써 결과적으로 업무가중에 의한 검사처리능력의 한계점을 넘는 결과를 초래하였다 따라서 "구제역 긴급 행동지침" 및 자체 가상 시나리오 작성시 도축장 방역을 보완하여 유사시 효율적인 방역 검사가 이루어질 수 있도록 다음과 같이 제언한다. (1) 검사원의 증원방안 (2) 검사업무 보조원 확보 방안(기능직 공무원 대체) (3) 정육 및 부산물 처리장 선정(특히 오수 및 장내용물 처리방안) (4) 사법권의 적절한 활용방안

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Ultrasonographic Diagnosis in the Knee (슬관절에서의 초음파적 진단)

  • Min, Kyoung-Dae
    • The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.28-37
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    • 2013
  • Ultrasound is a first line examination of the knee and useful diagnostic tool in assessing the various knee lesions. The advantages of ultrasound are that it is non-invasive, easily available at bed side, cheap, well accepted by patients, and that it has technical benefits including dynamic evaluation. Its limitations include reliability, which is largely operator dependent and its inability to evaluate deep structures. Technical guidelines of the ultrasound released by European Society of MusculoSkeletal Radiology (ESSR) and ultrasonographic findings of various knee lesions are described.

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Analysis of Periodic Test Policy for a Standby Unit under Three Types of Failures (세 종류의 고장형태를 지닌 대기부품에 대한 주기적 검사정책 분석)

  • Park, Jong-Hun
    • Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.45-51
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    • 2012
  • 대기부품은 대기기간 중에 우발적 고장이 발생할 수 있으며(type I failure), 해당상황이 장기간 방치되는 것을 방지하기 위해 주기적인 검사를 하는 것이 일반적이다. 그러나 검사가 대기기간 중 발생한 고장을 확인할 수 있게 하는 반면, 검사를 시작할 때 대기하던 부품에 부하를 가하는 과정에서 고장을 유발할 가능성이 존재하며(type II failure), 검사시간동안 대기부품을 작동시킴으로써 열화에 의한 고장발생(type III failure)의 가능성을 증가시키는 효과도 존재한다. 이에 본 논문은 주기적 검사정책을 갖는 대기부품을 대상으로 세 종류의 고장 가능성을 확률적으로 고려하여 성능분석을 실시하였으며, 성능을 평가하는 척도로 극한가용성을 사용하였다. 특히 type III failure를 고려하는 것은 기존에 연구되지 않은 부분으로 본 논문의 기여점이라 할 수 있겠다. 또한 수치해석을 통해 가용성의 관점에서 전술한 세 가지 유형의 고장특성과 검사주기와의 관계를 파악할 수 있도록 하였으며, 그 결과를 통해 높은 수준의 신뢰성 확보가 목적인 대기시스템의 효율적인 운영을 위한 의사결정시 도움이 될 수 있도록 하였다.

GNSS 위성기준점 신호수신 환경분석

  • Lee, Seung-Yong
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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    • 2014.10a
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    • pp.277-279
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    • 2014
  • TEQC는 인공위성으로부터 수신한 데이터를 편집, 품질검사, 포맷변환하기 위한 소프트웨어이다. TEQC 품질검사를 사용하면 여러 결과파일이 생성되는데 이를 활용하여 DGPS기준국 전파수신 환경을 분석하였다. 특히 방위각, 앙각에 따른 장애물의 여부를 가능하다.

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건축사의 특별검사업무, 안전점검업무에 대해 할 말 있다

  • Jo, In-Cheol
    • Korean Architects
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    • no.12 s.392
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    • pp.68-73
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    • 2001
  • 필자는 금번의 건축사에 의한 노후건축물의 안전점검 업무를 하였고 특별검사원의 업무를 하고 있는 건축사로서 그 업무를 하면서 느꼈던 몇 가지 점을 기록하고자 한다. 이런 기록이 필자 개인만의 의견일 수도 있고 그 업무를 하였던 많은 회원들이 공감하는 부분도 있을 것이다. 우선 이번의 업무를 적은 인원과 경비의 어려움에도 불구하고 성사시킨 건축사협회 관계자들의 노력에 감사한다.

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