• Title/Summary/Keyword: 건전도 조사

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Effects on Growth and Yield of Korean Malting Barley Cultivars by Soil-borne Bymovirus Infection (맥류의 토양 전염성 Bymovirus의 감염이 국내 육성 맥주보리의 생육 및 수량에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Jong-Chul;Kim, Mi-Jung;Lee, Eun-Sook;Park, Chul-Soo;Kang, Chun-Sik;Hyun, Jong-Nae;Lee, Jung-Joon;Kim, Tae-Soo;Kim, Ki-Jong
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.21-26
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    • 2010
  • Viral diseases, especially Barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) and Barley mild mosaic virus (BaMMV) have been most serious in barley fields. In this study, we investigated the effect of different level of resistance to viral diseases on the plant growth and yield in malting barley. In diagnosis of virus infection, BaYMV and BaMMV were detected in 'Doosan 29' (susceptible), however, 'Jinyangbori' (moderate susceptible) and 'Hopumbori' (moderate) was infected by only BaYMV. Plant height was restrained about 8~29% in overwintered plant regeneration stage depending on the resistant of each cultivar. The culm length damaged also to 9~12% by BaYMV infection. The tiller numbers reduced to 10~14% in overwintering season, however, the head numbers in harvest season more decreased to 26~33%. Heading date was delayed to 3~3 days by the infection. In examination of yield components, 1,000 kernel weight and $\ell$ weight reduced according to culrivar's resistant degrees to 4.0~6.4% and 1.0~4.2%, respectively. The yield of abortive grain was doubled in BaYMV infection comparing to non-infested field. Three varieties tested in the non-infected field over two years were not significantly different for yield potential with ranges of 509kg~632kg/10a. However, significant yield reduction was observed in 'Saessalbori' and 'Baegdong' with ranges of 77~177kg/10a as compared to 'Hopumbori' (467 kg/10a) when tested in the virus-infected field. Yield potentials of these cultivars reduced by 26~43%, respectively, in the virus-infected field as compared to those in the non-infected field.

INFLUENCE OF THE ENAMEL TREATMENT WITH ER:YAG LASER ON THE MICROLEAKAGE OF PIT AND FISSURE SEALANT (Er:YAG 레이저를 이용한 법랑질 표면처리가 치면열구전색제의 미세누출에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Ji-Hyun;Kim, Jae-Moon;Kim, Shin;Jeong, Tae-Sung
    • Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.192-200
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    • 2006
  • The aim of this study was to assess the microleakage underneath a pit and fissure sealant bonded to occlusal surfaces treated by Er:YAG laser To determine the most effective energy density of laser, fourteen specimens were irradiated from 50mJ to 300mJ at 3Hz. After irradiation, the lased specimens were observed under the scanning electron microscope. Thirty six non-carious extracted premolars were randomly assigned to four groups of nine teeth: group 1, no treatment on the occlusal surface; group 2, acid etching for 15 seconds; group 3, Er:YAG laser irradiation; group 4, acid etching followed by Er:YAG laser irradiation. The pits and fissures were sealed with unfilled sealant(Helioseal F) and the specimen teeth were thermo-cycled, immersed in 2% Rhodamine B solution, longitudinally sectioned and analyzed for microleakage with fluorescent microscope. The results were as follows: 1. Er:YAG lased surfaces with 50mJ, 3Hz showed a similar pattern of irregularity with acid etched enamel surfaces 2. The mean microleakage score increased in the order of group 2, 4, 3 and 1. There was no significant difference among group 1, 3 and 4(p>0.05), however group 2 showed significantly less microleakage compared with group 1 and 3. Conclusively, the laser irradiation seemed not enough to replace the acid etching for proper retention of pit and fissure sealants.

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Measurement and Analysis of Low Flow in the Cheonggecheon Watershed (청계천 유역 갈수량 측정 및 분석)

  • Noh, Seong Jin;Kim, Hyeon Jun;Jang, Cheol Hee;Kim, Dong Pil;Hong, Il Pyo
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2004.05b
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    • pp.1067-1071
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    • 2004
  • 도시 유역의 물순환 특성을 종합적으로 이해하기 위해서는 갈수량 자료의 구축이 필수적이다. 하지만 지금까지의 인구는 주로 치수분야에 한정되어 대부분의 자료 또한 홍수기에 대해서만 자료가 구축되어 있으며 상대적으로 갈수기에 내한 자료와 관련 연구는 부족한 편이다. 본 연구에서는 청계천 유역의 기존 수문자료를 이용하여 유역의 유출 특성을 분석하고 갈수량을 측정하여 청계천 유역의 물순환 특성을 파악하기 위한 기초자료를 구축하였다. 청계천은 서울의 서북쪽에 위치한 인왕산과 북한산의 남쪽 기슭, 남산의 북쪽 기슭에서 시작하여 서에서 동으로 종로, 세운상가, 동대문 등 서울의 도심부를 흐르는 유로연장 13.75 km, 유역 면적 $50.96 km^2$의 도시하천으로 중량천의 제1지류인 지방2급 하천이며, 정릉친, 성북천을 제1지류, 월곡천을 제2지류로 포함한다. 청계천은 도시화로 인해 1950년대부터 1970년대까지 점차 복개되었다가 2003년 7월부터 5.9 km의 본류구간에 대한 복원공사가 진행 중이다. 청계천은 홍수기 이후 유량이 급격히 줄어 11월 이후에는 다음 홍수기까지 강바닥이 완전히 들어나는 일종의 간헐천으로 홍수기를 제외한 시기의 자료는 전무한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 유역내 8개의 모니터링 지점을 선정하여 2003년 9월 이후, 월 2회 이상 갈수량 자료를 현장 측정${\cdot}$분석하였다. 청계천 유역은 복원공사 완공 후에는 유역의 물순환 특성이 대폭 바뀔 것이 예상되는 지역으로 본 연구에서 구축된 갈수량 자료는 청계천 유역의 물순환계 변화를 분석하고 건전한 물순환 체계의 유지${\cdot}$관리를 위한 기본 자료가 될 것으로 판단된다., 바늘꽃과, 속새과, 십자화과, 장미과, 사초과, 삼과, 현삼과, 닭의장풀과가 각 1종씩 조사되었으며, 조사지점(II)인 1km지점에서는 15과 26종으로, 벼과가 4종, 마디풀과, 국화과가 3종, 버드나무과, 십자화과, 콩과가 2종씩, 바늘꽃과, 속새과, 자라풀과, 장미과, 사초과, 백합과, 현삼과, 골풀과, 닭의장풀과가 각 1종씩으로, 조사지점( I )보다 좀 더 많은 종이 분포하는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 어류는 조사지점( I )에서 3회에 걸쳐 총 396개체가 채집되어 3목 8과 21종이었다. 이 중 한국 고유종은 11종이었고, 외래 어종은 검정우럭과 2종이 조사되었으며, Zacco platypus(피라미), Zacco temmincki(갈겨니), Acheilongnathus koreanus(칼납자루), Odontobutis platycephala(동사리), Coreoleuciscus splendidus(쉬리) 순으로 분포하고 있었고, Acheilognathus signifer(묵납자루)는 댐 건설 전에는 많이 분포하였으나 현장조사에서 서식을 확인 할 수 언어 개체수의 큰 감소내지 멸종된 것으로 추정되었다.에서 동시에 시행하였다. 수술 후 1년 내 시행한 심초음파에서 모든 환아에서 단지 경등도 이하의 승모판 폐쇄 부전 소견을 보였다. 수술 후 조기 사망은 없었으며, 합병증으로는 유미흉이 한 명에서 있었다. 술 후 10개월째 허혈성 확장성 심근증이 호전되지 않아 Dor 술식을 시행한 후 사망한 예를 제외한 나머지 6명은 특이 증상 없이 정상 생활 중이다 결론: 좌관상동맥 페동맥이상 기시증은 드물기는 하나, 영유아기에 심근경색 및 허혈성 심근증 또는 선천성 승모판 폐쇄 부전등을 초래하는 심각한 선천성 심질환이다

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Development of Induction Brazing System for Sealing Instrumentation Feedthrough Part of Nuclear Fuel Test Rig (핵연료조사리그 계장선 통과부위의 밀봉을 위한 유도 브레이징 시스템 개발)

  • Hong, Jintae;Kim, Ka-Hye;Heo, Sung-Ho;Ahn, Sung-Ho;Joung, Chang-Young;Son, Kwang-Jae;Jung, Yang-Il
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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    • v.37 no.12
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    • pp.1573-1579
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    • 2013
  • To test the performance of nuclear fuels, coolant needs to be circulated through the test rig installed in the test loop. Because the pressure and temperature of the coolant is 15.5 MPa and $300^{\circ}C$ respectively, coolant sealing is one of the most important processes in fabricating a nuclear fuel test rig. In particular, 15 instrumentation cables installed in a test rig pass through the pressure boundary, and brazing is generally applied as a sealing method. In this study, an induction brazing system has been developed using a high frequency induction heater including a vacuum chamber. For application in the nuclear field, BNi2 should be used as a paste, and optimal process variables for Ni brazing have been found by several case studies. The performance and soundness of the brazed components has been verified by a tensile test, cross section test, and sealing performance test.

Transmission of Jujube Witches'-broom Mycoplasma by the Leafhopper Hishimonus sellatus Uhler (대추나무 빗자루병(病)의 마름무늬매미충에 의(依)한 매개전염(媒介伝染))

  • La, Yong Joon;Woo, Kun Suk
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.48 no.1
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    • pp.29-39
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    • 1980
  • This study was initiated to find out the possible insect vector and other means of transmission of jujube witches'-broom disease. 1. Eight species of leafhoppers were found to feed on both healthy and diseased jujube trees. Among these, rhombic marked leafhoppers (Hishimonus sellatus Uhler) were most abundant throughout the growing season of jujube trees in all localities surveyed. H. sellatus was far more abundant on diseased trees than healthy ones. 2. Jujube witches'-broom mycoplasma(JWM) was transmitted to jujube seedlings by Hishimonus sellatus. Jujube seedlings inoculated with H. sellatus which had been fed for 14-21 days on diseased jujube plants, developed smaller, chlorotic leaves 40-60 days after inoculation. Electron microscopy of midveins and petioles of the infected jujube seedlings revealed the presence of numerous mycoplasmalike organisms in phloem tissues. 3. Jujube witches'-broom mycoplasma was also transmitted to Vinca rosea plants by H. sellatus. Infected Vinca rosea plants developed vein clearing and marginal chlorosis of upper leaves 25-38 days after inoculation and followed by stunting and ultimate wilting and death of plant. Electron microscopy of petioles and midveins of infected Vinca rosea plant revealed the presence of numerous mycoplasmalike organisms in phloem tissues. 4. H. sellatus survived more than 30 days on jujube, Vinca rosea, carrot, celery, eggplant, hop, Calystegia japonica, Humulus japonicus, Astragalus sinicus, white clover, red clover, and radino clover. Many second generation nymphs of H. sellatus were also abserved on these plants but clovers. 5. Jujube seeds collected from witches'-broom diseased jujube trees yielded healthy seedlings.

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Escape of Pine Wood Nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, through Feeding and Oviposition Behavior of Monochamus alternatus and M. saltuarius (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Adults (솔수염하늘소와 북방수염하늘소의 섭식과 산란행동을 통한 소나무재선충의 이탈)

  • Kim, Dong-Soo;Lee, Sang-Myeong;Huh, He-Soon;Park, Nam-Chang;Park, Chung-Gyoo
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.48 no.4
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    • pp.527-533
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    • 2009
  • This study was performed to investigate the escape of pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, from two vector species (Monochamus alternatus and M. saltuarius) through oviposition and feeding behavior. First, we checked number of PWNs escaped from M. alternatus emerged from three different cases of pine logs. In case A, healthy pine trees were cut into logs and left in pine forest infected with PWN. In case B, healthy pine trees were cut into logs, left in large screen cage, and let them oviposited by M. alternatus emerged from pine trees infested with PWN. In case C, pine trees which were harboring M. alternatus were cut into logs, and PWN was inoculated artificially. The M. alternatus adults emerged from the above three cases of pine logs were checked in the next year to know how many PWN they were harboring in their bodies. The percentages of M. alternatus harboring PWN (18.3 and 15.6%, respectively) and number of nematodes per vector ($5,713.1{\pm}9,248.3$ and $2,034.1{\pm}4,746.8$ PWNs, respectively) in case A and B logs are similar to each other. However, the percentage and the number in case C (38.3% and $20,083.1{\pm}32,188.3$ PWNs) were higher than those of case A and B. Among 52 M. alternatus adults harboring PWN from all the three cases, 20 adults (38.5%) were harboring more than 5,000 PWNs per beetle. And these 20 adults were harboring 97.9% of the total PWNs in 52 adults. Second, we checked the daily escape of PWNs from M. alternatus and M. saltuarius collected at pine forest infested with PWN. The PWN escaped from their vector body for $34.9{\pm}12.4$ days for M. alternatus, and for $23.9{\pm}16.2$ days for M. saltuarius, reaching at peak escape during the 2nd week of emergence of the two vector species. A 44.5 and 47.2% to the total PWNs escaped from vector body within 2 weeks of vector emergence for M. alternatus and M. saltuarius, respectively. The number of PWNs escaped from each vector was $3,570.6{\pm}5,189.2$ and $1,556.2{\pm}1,710.3$ for M. alternatus and M. saltuarius, respectively.

A Study on the leisure activities and the level of stress for pre-service preschool teachers (예비유아교사의 여가활동 실태와 스트레스 수준에 관한 연구)

  • Kang, Shin-Young
    • Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.95-118
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    • 2011
  • The purpose of this study is to understand the leisure activities and the level of stress of pre-service preschool teachers. For this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey of 557 pre-service preschool teachers in Pusan, Daegu, Gangwon province. The contents of survey were their demographical characteristics, the leisure activities, the level of stress. Analysis was done with SPSS statistics program. The conclusion of this study are as follows: First, the most of pre-service preschool teachers didn't enjoy leisure activities. Second, they experienced much stress in Academic Achievement. Third, most leisure activities have no relations with the level of stress except pre-service preschool teachers' sleeping pattern and perception about wealth.

Infection of Mycovirus in Imported Lentinula edodes (해외도입 표고버섯의 진균바이러스 감염)

  • Lee, Song Hee;Kwak, Seo-Young;Ko, Han Kyu;Lee, Hyun-Sook
    • The Korean Journal of Mycology
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    • v.42 no.1
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    • pp.64-68
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    • 2014
  • Up to date several mycoviruses including Lentinula edodes Spherical Virus (LeSV) have been reported. As fungal virus was spreaded by infested hypae and spores it could be important to use virus-free spawns to eradicate the mushroom virus disease in the culture farm. We tested the imported spawns of Lentinula edodes by PCR whether LeSV was infested them or not. The primer set targeting the RdRp gene of LeSV was prepared based on partial sequence of the LeSV genome. The RT-PCR analysis showed that 87 among 88 imported spawns of L. edodes were infested by LeSV.

Fluorescence Microscopic Diagnosis of Mycoplasma Infections in Jujube, Mulberry and Periwinckle Plants (형광현미경적 기법에 의한 대추나무, 뽕나무 및 일일초의 마이코플라스마 감염진단)

  • Bak Won Chull;La Yong Joon
    • Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.12-16
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    • 1985
  • Attempts were made to evaluate the efficacy of three fluorochromes, i.e., DAPI (4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylin-dole-2HCl), aniline blue and quinacrine(quinacrine mustard dihydrochloride) for the detection of mycoplasma infections in jujube (Zizyphus jujuba), mulberry (Mows alba) trees and periwinckle (Catharanthus roseus) plant by fluorescence microscopy. Stem sections from these plants infected with mycoplasma-like organisms (MLO) produced distinct fluorescence in the phloem when stained with DAPI, aniline blue or quinacrine, while fluorescence was absent in the healthy plants. The use of these fluorochromes provided simple and efficient techniques for the diagnosis of MLO infections. IOf the three fluorochromes tested, DAPI was found to be most efficient.

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Analysis of occurred flow change on dry section in Anyangcheon (안양천 건천화 구간의 발생유량 추이 분석)

  • Jung, Seung-Kwon;Kim, Nam-Il;Lee, Kil-Seoung
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2006.05a
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    • pp.159-163
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    • 2006
  • 하천 건천화라 함은 수문학적 요소기준으로 갈수량 기준 이하이고, 하천으로부터 필요 수량을 지속적으로 제공할 수 없는 하천이라 정의하고 있다($\ulcorner$프론티어 연구개발사업 '지속가능한 하천수 개발 기술'$\lrcorner$). 건천화의 원인으로는 우리나라 기상특성상 호우기에 집중되는 호우로 인한 저류효율 저하와 더불어 무분별한 도시개발로 인한 불투수층의 증가로 지하수위가 저하되는 것을 꼽을 수 있다. 여기에 무분별한 하천수 취수 및 하수처리를 위한 차집 등이 하천수를 감소시키는 요인으로 작용한다. 하천 건천화는 정체수역의 악취발생 및 주변경관 저해 등으로 지역주민에게 피해를 주는것은 물론 생태계의 파괴를 초래하게 된다. 이러한 하천 건천화의 가장 주요한 원인은 도시화에 따른 하천유역의 물순환 체계가 파괴됨에 있다. 이러한 문제점을 분석하고 해결방안을 모색하기 위하여 수자원의 지속적 확보기술개발 사업단에서 추진중인 '안양천 유역의 물순환 건전화 기술 개발' 과업에서는 지자체에서 운영하고 있는 안양천 유역내의 기존 관측 시설과 사업단 1단계 사업성과로 설치된 실시간 수문모니터링 시설을 이용하여 수문자료를 지속적으로 모니터링하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 안양천 수계내의 건천화 구간에 대하여 지난 2년간의 하천수위, 지하수위 관측자료와 유량측정자료를 이용하여 발생 유량에 대한 수문특성 변화를 분석하였으며, 주요 지점에 대한 현장조사를 통하여 건천화 발생 요인에 대한 접근을 시도하였다.

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