• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.126
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• pp.321-343
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• 2013

The Reformation seems to have nothing to do with modern philosophy, but in reality closely related to it. From a philosophical point of view, the Reformation had a profound effect on the formation of modern philosophy in two respects. Voluntarism, asserting the predominance of divine will over divine reason, which is the basic principle of the Reformation, allowed an arbitrary interpretation of the Bible by ignoring the tradition of the Church and emphasizing 'Sola Fide'. As a result, the severe religious disputes arose and the modern intellectuals sought a deism and natural religion as an universal religion which is expected to put an end to religious conflicts. Moreover, voluntarism changed the way of inquiring nature from the speculative to the experimental based on observation and experiment, and provided the clues of the birth of experimental philosophy (empiricism) which is the experimental inquiry of human nature. In short, the Reformation brings about the search for universal religion on the one hand, but on the other the advent of experimental philosophy. Universal religion is not a mystic religion on which the religious behaviors and practices are based but just a world view that is the basis for scientific inquiry, and it was nothing but a philosophy for science. And also the experimental philosophy was a philosophy by science in that it is a science of human nature through experiment and observation, After all, the Reformation expelled religion from the main living room of philosophy and placed science on the spot instead.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.79-107
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• 2002

Britain's public services, especially health service and secondary education are in disarray. The current British government adopted the public-private partnership(PPP) as a major device to bring about public sector reform. In principle, PPPs could be used to outsource all sorts of public services, helping to raise standards by extending choice and competition. Up to now, however, they have been focused mainly on a relatively limited range of ancillary services related to new buildings and their subsequent operation. The unions, especially the unions covering the public sector employees are antagonistic to the PPPs. The unions have been opposing privatizing or resecting of any part of the public services, as these apt to lead insecurity of employment and degradation of working conditions of their members. Most of the union leaders consider that PPPs are 'privatization by stealth'. Even in Britain, which has a long history of trade union movements, to persuade the unions to co-operate to the reform policy has been extremely difficult. To succeed in public sector reform, the government, be it Korean or British, needs strong leadership, consistency in policies between various departments, and persuasive ability to overcome the opposition from the vested-interest group.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.209-235
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• 2009

This articles examines a war of history among American conservatives over the survival strategies of the Republican Party. The traditionalists 'construct' and employ a history originating from Goldwater's libertarianism for criticizing the Bush administration and calling for the restoration of conservative principles of limited, small government. The reformists counter with a history of repeated failures of building "conservatism of the working class."

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.35-65
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• 2009

This paper describes the changes in legislative rules in the U.S. House of Representatives and discusses the roles of legislative rules in public policy making. I argue that much of reform experiences in the U.S. House provide good references by which the National Assembly of the Republic of Korea may follow for its reforms. For this, I summarize primary reforms of legislative rules in the U.S. House and discuss dynamics in power distribution between committees and party leadership. These reforms are then reviewed on the basis of political stability, protection of minority rights, and legislative deliberation.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.43-56
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• 1998

This thesis examined the main revolution trend of Chinese engineering education system which is closely related to the demand of the industrial world. The reasons for which China tried to revolutionize engineering education were as follows ; firstly, the lack of high-qualified and professionalized man power in the industrial world. Secondly, the rupture in the age structure and thirdly, graduate students' insufficient ability to adapt to the industrial companies. These situation had been influenced by professional education after the fashion of the Soviet Union and the Cultural Revolution. Thus, since 1980s, government have extended man power supply through various ways and maintained equilibrium between supply and demand within the industrial world. Also, government began to retrian the existing engineers, magnify the regular number in college students of science and engineering and treat an experienced man favorably in graduate schools. The State Education Commission leaded in searching for the ways to train engineers and testing the master of engineering training system. As an essay at reform, many attempts will be tried ; bringing-up excellent students, the system of multi-degrees, field work, bachelor-master integration management, the system of master and doctor by thesis, strengthening educational-industrial cooperation, experimental school, adult school, and local school. Until 21c to come, this trend will be accelerated on.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.191-201
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• 2007

Dismissing incompetent public servants started from Ulsan City is spreading to the nation. As part of comprehensive administrative reform in provincial and municipal authorities, such movement is strong to kick out those who are not qualified and incompetent as public servants. It is because citizens have high hope for the change of public officers. Firing incompetent workers started from Ulsan city government was spread to Seoul City government and to the central government. However, other concerning views over kicking out incompetent public workers are very strongly raised. Accordingly, this study examines various opinions and does institutional, legal, and theoretical reviews on the dismissal system of incompetent workers that is widely spread. It examines social significance and problems over the system and suggests its improvements and directions of innovation toward administrative reform.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1030-1036
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• 2009

In 1990's, in Europe and some advanced nations, the structural reform of the railroad industry for improving the productive efficiency of the railroad industry and competitive power had been progressed. This paper empirically explores the relationship between railway restructuring and productive efficiency in the railway industry. We use Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to construct efficiency scores, and explain these scores, using Tobit regression analysis by using variables reflecting institutional factors and organizational type. Our results suggest that vertical separation, infrastructure and services are separated, and horizontal separation, passenger service and freight service are separated, improve productive efficiency. We also find that market competition has positive effect on the efficiency, but independent management from the government has negative effect, which is in line with economic intuition as well as with expectations on the railway restructuring. As a consequence, increased independence without sufficient competition and adequate regulation may deteriorate incentives for productive efficiency.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.58
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• pp.154-177
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• 2012

Considering the growing importance of TV favorite channel setting function due to the rapid increase of number of TV channels, this study tried to find factors which affect the attitude toward and intention to use the favorite channel setting function. As related theories, this study used theory of diffusion of innovation, channel repertoire, channel changing behaviors, and social influences and suggested research hypotheses and questions based on the theories. After collecting data through online survey of 192 general audience, this study empirically analyzed the data by using multiple regression analysis. The result showed that innate innovativeness, relative advantage and social critical mass affected attitude toward using the favorite channel setting function and that compatibility, visibility, social critical mass influenced intention to use the function.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.13-19
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• 2001

The OECD defines regulatory reform as both better regulation and deregulation, and emphasizes that governments must continue to regulate in areas such as environmental quality and safety. In contrast, Korean regulatory reform in fire services in the 1990s shows quite a strange trend, having been carried out only to the direction of softening and abolishing regulations. In the UK, fire prevention legislation has been strengthened since the enactment of the Fire Precautions Act 1971, and the Building Regulations 1991, which apply to all new buildings including a private house, require that there should be at least one smoke alarm on each floor. This research shows that the tightening of fire prevention legislation in the UK has promoted fire safety, which is very instructive for Korean fire services. In order for Korean fire services to protect citizens'lives and property from fires, one of basic directions of regulatory reform, to improve the quality of regulations relating to safety, health and the environment, should be observed strictly. Moreover, the flexibility of the basic direction of regulatory reform should be ensured so that the regulations concerning safety could be even increased under the overall reform strategy of reducing all regulations.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.285-299
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• 2005

The economic reform in China since 1978 has been increasingly sped up and deepened. The recent development of private enterprises, especially, has significant economic and political implications, whereas its regional differentiation has considerable impacts on both the development potential of certain regions and overall regional growth pattern. This study aims to understand the regional pattern of private enterprise growth as well as the institutional change which has structured the growth process. The development of private enterprises turned out to be closely tied to the marketization strategy of dual-track system and policy needs to reduce the unemployment level in both urban and 겨ral China. The regional pattern of the private enterprise growth can be characterized as ever-increasing spatial differentiation. Based on the basic statistical analysis results, it is argued that the private enterprise growth is closed related with the marketization level of the regional economy. Therefore, the strategy of developing private sector will be more important in shaping the regional development path as well as potential.