• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.463-472
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• 1998

Biotechnology is the process of using biological system for the production of materials. Genetic engineering, a subset of biotechnology, is the process of altering biological systems by the purposeful manipulation of DNA It is a new field in biology and no topic in biology is more likely to impact our personal lives and is therefore more worthy of our attention and understanding. The purpose of this study was to investigate students' understanding of the concepts of biotechnology, and a test tool which is made up of 20 basic questions was developed for the study. The subject of this study was high school students and the sample size was 486. In order to find out the source of students' misunderstanding, we also analysed high school textbooks and teachers were given the same tool applied to students. Two-way ANOVA was used for the analysis. Major findings of this study are as following; 1. Mean score of students was 41, and there was a significant difference between the scores of boys and girls(p<0.05). Female students scored higher than male students. The variables "region" and "major" had no significant influence. 2. Students' the most misunderstood concepts were "monoclonal antibody" and "gene cloning". Many students thought that a plamid DNA originally has a useful DNA in it, which is apparently wrong. 3. Mean score of teachers was 82, and the variabes of gender and career did not have statistically significant influence on the result(p>0.05). 4. Teachers got the lowest scores on the concepts of "gene therapy", "the accomplishment of biotechnology in agriculture and medicine", and "plasmid DNA". The results of item analysis implied that teachers' misunderstanding might be a part of the sources of students' misunderstaning. 5. Out of 18 basic concepts selected in the study, only 10 concepts were explained well enough in most textbooks. The results of item analysis indicated that textbooks also could be a part of the source of students' misunderstanding.

• The Korean Journal of Coaching Psychology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-50
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to identify career barrier factors experienced by career interruption women, develop a tool to measure career barrier, and verify their validity. To this end, preliminary questions were developed by reviewing literature, conducting one-on-one in-depth interviews with 10 women on career interruption, and conducting an open questionnaire with 100 women on career interruption. The subjects of the study were married women aged 20 to 54 who had past employment experience, wanted to be re-employed, and experienced retirement due to marriage, pregnancy, childbirth, childcare, and family care, and the period of career interruption was selected for more than one year. After that, 63 questions were selected for 7 factors. A preliminary survey was conducted on 300 women with career interruption in Korea, and as a result, 63 questions of 6 factors were derived through exploratory factor analysis. The main survey was conducted with 44 questions of 6 factors by partially modifying the questions reflecting the important concepts in each factor. In this survey of 600 people, in order to verify the validity of the constituent concept of this test, the entire sample was divided into two groups, and group 1 (G1, N=309) conducted exploratory factor analysis and group 2 (G2, N=291) conducted confirmatory factor analysis. As a result of exploratory factor analysis for Group 1, 34 questions of 6 factors were finally derived, and a confirmatory factor analysis of Group 2(G2) was conducted to confirm the model fit of the derived factors, and it was confirmed that the model fit criteria were met. In order to verify the convergence validity of the developed career barrier scale, a correlation analysis was conducted with the career barrier test for female college students, and as a result of the analysis, the career barrier scale for women with career interruption and the career barrier test for female college students showed statistically significant correlation. In order to verify the validity of the criterion, the results of a correlation analysis with variables of job preparation behavior, job stress, state anxiety, and life satisfaction were all found to be statistically significant. Finally, the academic, practical, and policy significance and limitations of this study and future research directions were presented.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.237-255
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate elementary school students' understanding the concept and operations of decimal fraction. The survey research was performed for this study. This survey was done by selecting 156 students. Questionnaire were made in five areas with reference to the 2007 revised mathematics curriculum. Five areas were the concept of decimal fraction, the addition, the subtraction, the multiplication and the division of decimal fraction. The results of such analysis are as follow: The analyzed result of understanding about concepts and operation of decimal fraction showed a high rate of correct answer, more than 85%. Students thought that multiplication and division of decimal fraction is more difficult than addition, subtraction, concept of decimal fraction. As the learning about concepts and operation of decimal fraction progress, the learning gap is bigger. Effort to reduce the learning deficits are needed in the lower grades. Mathematics is the study of the hierarchical. Learning deficits in low-level interfere with the learning in next-level. Therefore systematic supplementary guidance for a natural number and decimal fraction in low-level is needed. And understanding concepts and principles of calculations should be taught first.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.186-196
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• 2008

purpose of this study was to investigate college students' understanding of the thermodynamic aspects of the dissolution of solids and gases. The subjects were 34 juniors from the Seoul area who answered questionnaires composed of six items which asked the directions and reasons for the changes in enthalpy, entropy, and the solubility by temperature for the dissolution of solid sodium chloride and gaseous carbon dioxide into water. The results showed that the students understanding of the enthalpy change of dissolution was poor: many students answered that the dissolution of solids is an exothermic process because the dissolution occurs when the solute-solvent interaction is greater than the solute-solute interaction; the students also thought that the enthalpy should be reduced for spontaneous dissolution because the spontaneity depends on the enthalpy change only. For the entropy change, the students understanding was better and they explained it according to the meaning of disorder. For the temperature dependence of solubility, most students answered correctly regarding the direction, but only 25% of them explained the reason accounting for the enthalpy change. Many students who answered incorrectly on the enthalpy change could not explain the reason why.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.583-590
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to develop an educational program for learning deep learning concepts for elementary school students. The model of education program was developed the deep-learning teaching method based on CT element-oriented teaching and learning model. The subject of the developed program is the artificial intelligence image recognition CNN algorithm, and we have developed 9 educational programs. We applied the program over two weeks to sixth graders. Expert validity analysis showed that the minimum CVR value was more than .56. The fitness level of learner level and the level of teacher guidance were less than .80, and the fitness of learning environment and media above .96 was high. The students' satisfaction analysis showed that students gave a positive evaluation of the average of 4.0 or higher on the understanding, benefit, interest, and learning materials of artificial intelligence learning.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.1189-1205
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to understand the types of teacher and student's concept on ray-tracing and spectrum in middle school. This study suggest key-concepts that is most important to "Light" unit in the seven grades: the ray-tracing and the spectrum. We examined the types of teacher and student's concept. We selected 10 teacher and 328 students who had learned by 10 teachers in Seoul and Gyeonggi. The problems were composed with the question item regarding all ray-tracing or the spectrum. From the analysis, it was found that the types of teacher and student's concept on ray-tracing and spectrum is different. The most of teacher and student didn't understand the basic principle of image formation. In case of context about formation of image by reflection and refraction, because they don't know ray-tracing, they do not try to find the position of the image by drawing two rays. Most of them used one ray comes from the one position of the object and indicated the position of image by memorized position. Also almost there was not a case which uses a ray tracing accurately. In the case of understanding color, they didn't understand the concept of color(or spectrum) and teachers represented to students the color phenomena without explanation of principles. In the result teachers and students would learn color science by rote.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.855-868
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate how teachers understand the principle of image formation of stars through a telescope. This study was conducted by using explanatory paper questionnaires given to 101 earth science teachers in the areas of Gyunggi province and Seoul. The questionnaires were cross-analyzed by three experts in earth science education. Result indicated that most of the participating teachers did not have systematic concepts about the process of making an image formed by a convex lens. Particulary, they did not sufficiently understand the concepts of an image and the functions of a screen. Furthermore, only 3% of the participants possessed the scientific concepts about the image formation principle of a star through the telescope. Most of the teachers seem to have non-scientific or alternative concepts about the image formation, which was only understanded with the fragmented characteristics about light and convex lens.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.64-75
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• 2008

The purpose of the study was to verify reliability and validity of SDLRS instrument and to prove up possibility of usage as an evaluation method for evaluating life-long learning. Literature review and survey were used to accomplish objectives of the study. 218 students in department of mechanical engineering of A university at Gyunggi province were responded for SDLRS(Guglielmino, 1977) instrument. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, t-test, and ANOVA test. 58 items in original version instrument were converted to 23 items. There were 7 factors for assessing the self-directed learning readiness according to this measurement scale with a total variance of about 58%. The total reliability of the final 23 items was $\alpha$. The final 7 factors consisted of love for learning, openness for learning, self-perception, basic learning function and independence, acceptance of responsibility for learning, leadership and future directivity, and creativity and exploration. The result of SDLRS analysis according to individual background, there were significant statistically in the grade, period of employment in industry, entering graduate school or not, and GPA, but no significant statistically in sexual difference, employment in industry or not, final academic level of parent, and income level of the family. In the future, final instrument will be needed to check in the respect of correlation with another ability and skill influencing on life-long learning, and more study will be done for developing life-long learning.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.16
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• pp.209-228
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• 2008

It is possible to contribute to efficiency of police organization if policeman has their hob satisfaction. To effectively perform the service, it is important to a matter of outcome or satisfaction of duty. However, the study in this field is insufficient. In this study, the introduction is in the first chapter. Theoretical consideration in the second chapter, investigative analysis and argument in the third chapter and finally the conclusion in the forth chapter. In this study, according to analysis of position, personality show no differences and job satisfaction show more higher in police sergeant class. Also, the study shows that there is relationship between sociality and prudence and outcome of duty and occupational view in the correlation between personality and job satisfaction. Therefore, a sociable person influence affirmative occupational view and outcome of duty.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.438-448
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• 2005

This paper proposes an adaptive tutoring system that provides learning materials dynamically according to the learners' teaming character and ability. Our system, in which a learning phase and a test phase are linked together, supports the personalized instruction-learning by providing the teaming materials by level in the learning phase according to the teaming ability estimated in the test phase. We design and implement a tutoring system consisted of an evaluation component and a learning component. An evaluation component uses a computerized adaptive test(CAT) based on item response theory to evaluate learners' ability while a learning component employs fuzzy level set theory so that teaming contents are provided to learners according to learners' level.