• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.111-120
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• 1999

Leachate flow behavior due to intermediate cover soil of low hydraulic conductivity and the applicability of pumping method for reducing the leachate level in the landfill are analyzed with the numerical flow model, MODFLOW. Using the hydraulic conductivity and storativity data obtained from the field pumping and slug tests(Jang and Cho, 1999), the hydraulic condition within the landfill is validated. The optimum rate of pumping, the radius of influence, and the efficiency of horizontal drain are analyzed for reducing the leachate level in the landfill. From the results of the analyses, the barrier effect that the buried cover soil of low hydraulic conductivity prevents the vertical movement of leachate flow through the cover soil, which is found from the in-situ geotechnical studies(Jang and Cho, 1999), is identified again. Also, the installation of horizontal drains to the pumping well can increase the pumping rate from 120 ton/day per a well to 300 ton/day. The length of horizontal drain did not influence significantly on the drawdown-time curve of leachate in the landfill.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.450-455
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• 1998

Pine has been known as a traditional medicinal plant and as showing a physically beneficial function to a human being. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the physiological activities of main pine neddles. Ethanol extracts from pinus needles did net exhibit any mutagenicity. On the contrary, inhibitory effects of ethanol extract were observed on mutagenicity induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG), 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO), 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido-(4,3-b)indol (Trp-P-1) and benzo(a)pyrene $(B({\alpha})P)$ using Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay. On direct-acting mutagen (MNNG, 4NQO) and indirect-acting mutagen (Trp-P-1, $(B({\alpha})P)$, we observed higher inhibitory effect. Stepwise fractionation of the ethanol extract was done by using ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water to obtain effective fraction. Among them, water fractions $(100\;{\mu}g/plate)$ of Pinus thunbergii, Pinus rigida, Pinus densiflora and Pinus koraiensis showed high inhibition of 91.65%, 94.7%, 84.22% and 79.02%, respectively, on the mutagenicity of MNNG in Salmonella typhimurium TA100.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.30-34
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• 2006

The wastewater was quickly and fastly cleared by the peel extracts of astringent persimmon fruits. The degree of clearness increased with increasing concentrations (400-600 mg/l) of the peel extracts of astringent persimmon fruits. The removal rates of T-P and CODcr in wastewater with lime and the peel extracts of astringent persimmon fruits were lower than ferric chloride and aluminium sulfate at 100-200 mg/l concentration but higher at above 300 mg/l concentration. The removal rate of T-P increased with increasing concentration of the peel extracts of astringent persimmon fruits.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.53-59
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• 1998

Flow pattern of air-water two phase flow depends on the conditions of pressure drop, void fraction, and channel geometry. Drag reduction in the two phase flow can be applied to the transport of crude oil, phase change systems such as chemical reactor, pool and boiling flow, and to present cavitation which occurs in pump impellers. But the research on drag reduction in two phase flow is not intensively investigated. Therefore, experimental investigations have been carried out to analyze the drag reduction produced and void fraction by Co-polymer(A611p) addition in the two phase flow system. We find that the maximum point position of local void friction moves from the wall of the pipe to the center of the pipe when polymer concentration increases. Also we find that the polymer solution changes the characteristics of the two phase flow. And then we predict that it is closely related with the drag reduction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.7
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• pp.1079-1085
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• 2013

This study investigated how different amounts of omija fruit (Schisandra chinensis) juice concentrate (0~5%) in sauces affect perceived sensory and quality characteristics. Sauce samples were subjected to chemical analysis for different quality parameters such as Brix, reducing sugars, total phenolic compounds, alpha-amylase inhibition, and alpha-glucosidase inhibition activity. A decrease in pH values was observed with increasing concentrate percentage. As for color, the more concentrate added, the more the L value decreased and other values ($a^*$, $b^*$ and ${\Delta}E$ values) increased. Hypoglycemic effect, as determined by alpha-glucosidase, valuably increased in 4% juice concentrate. As the percentage of concentrate increased, the chemical component values also increased. Significant differences were observed between sauce samples in the sensory evaluation, with the highest overall acceptance being sauce containing 4% juice concentrate. When evaluated with marinated chicken breasts, sauce containing 5% juice concentrate achieved the maximum score.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.257-262
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• 1999

We investigated the biological activities on ethanol extracts of R. glutinosa and R. glutinosa Preparata. The result of anti-mutagenicity suggested that the ethanol extract of R. glutinosa Preparata showed stronger activity than that of R. glutinosa ethanol extract. All of the ethanol extracts showed over 50% growth inhibition of several cancer cell lines. Especially, 61% of the cell growth of Hep3B was inhibited by adding 1g/ l of ethanol extract of R. glutinosa Preparata. In hypoglycemic activities and controlling blood pressure, 63.69% of ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ and 56.58% of ACE activities were inhibited by adding 1g/ l of ethanol extract of R. glutinosa Preparata. In general, the ethanol extract of R. glutinosa Preparata showed higher biological activities than those of R. glutinosa.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.213-217
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• 1998

This study was performed to observe cytotoxic effect of the pine needle extracts against cancer cell lines including human gastric carcinoma (KATOIII), human lung carcinoma (A549), human hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep3B) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) using MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) and SRB (sulforhodamine B) method. The extracts were prepared by step-wise fractionation of ethanol extract of pine needles using diethylether, chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol and water. The growth of the cancer cells in medium containing pine needle extracts were significantly inhibited degree in proportion to the increase of the extract concentration. A significant shrinkage of Hep3B cells was observed when the cells were exposed into 0.5, 1 mg/mL of pinus rigida extract.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.30-35
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• 1996

Calcite(CaCO3) single crystals were grown hydrothermally and transmittance of as grown crystals was measured. Instead of platinium, teflon was lined onto the wall of autoclave to prevent the corrosion of autoclave wall by acidic NH4Cl solution. Spontaneous nucleation and growth of calcite crystal on teflon was reduced considerably by addition of NaCl and /or CH3COOH and applying low temperature gradient. When the temperature gradient exceeded to a few degrees from the critical temperature gradient(6-7℃), spontaneous nucleation and growth was rapidly increased in any hydrothermal solutions. Precise temperature control is thought to be the most important factor for the growth of calcite single crystal by hydrothermal technique. As grown calcite single crytal showed high transmittance compared to natural one by UV-visible analysis.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.spc1
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• pp.12-20
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between each quality characteristics and changes of grain quality according to storage temperature and moisture contents of rough rice of Dongjin 1 and Siodongjinbyeo. Respiration rate of rough rice and fat acidity of brown rice were increased with moisture contents of rough rice and storage temperature. Germination rate of rough rice was the highest at $17{\sim}18%$ moisture contents of rough rice stored at low temperatures for 12 months. Germiation rate of the stored at low temperature after 16 months was up to 80% however the rate of $13{\sim}14%$ moisture contents of rough rice stored at room temperature was severely decreased to below the 10%. Gloss value of cooked rice was increased with moisture contents of rough rice and the lower storage temperature. Fat acidity of brown rice was lower in Sindongjinbyeo than Dongjin 1 at the lower storage temperature. Sensory score of cooked rice of Sindongjinbyeo which stored at low temperature for 16 months was better than Dongjin 1 and excllent at $17{\sim}18%$ moisture contents of rough rice. Correlations between sensory score of cooked rices and color b value of brown rice, gloss value of cooked rice and color L value of brown rice were significant 0.731**, 0.625*, and 0.615*, resectively, and were also positively significant correlated with break down, peak viscosity, pasting temperature, and fat acidity of brown rice -0.864**, -0.795**, -0.786**, and -0.779**, respectively.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.183-193
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• 1986

Full scale HDR containment experiment series pointed out that the previous containment analysis models have a number of shortcomings. One of them is on the calculational model of short term (0~2sec) pressure difference. The pressure differences between subcompartments are dependent on the flow rate, fluid density, head loss coefficient, and flow area ratio. It, however, is not known that any of them is largely attributed to the disagreement of pressure difference between the measured and the calculated values. In this study, the head loss coefficients are expressed with another form to improve the analytic model. The pressure and the pressure difference are evaluated by using COMPARE code with new correlation, and the results show better agreements with experimental values for V.42 test, but overestimate the measured values for V, 43 and underestimate for V.44.