• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.761-768
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• 2010

Research from many marketing fields shows that the importance of factors which ultimately reflect customers' satisfaction towards a product or service vary with the progression of time. Likewise, the emotions that users experience from using the product can vary with prolonged interaction with the product itself. Thus, research was conducted under the notion that users' emotions at the initial stage of product usage is likely to vary with that at a later stage, when users would have had more experience with the product. In this research, a comparison was made between the emotions felt by customers with first-hand experience with the iPhone and those felt by long-time iPhone users who already had much more opportunities to familiarize themselves with the product. The results of the research conducted above show that, with first usage of the iPhone, users experience a relatively low level of negative emotions(Uncomfortableness) due to the predominance of the users' positive emotions. Over prolonged usage, however, the level of negative emotions associated with the usage of the iPhone has been shown to increase. Still, it is impossible to state that the Uncomfortableness associated with iPhone usage is high in general. In fact, it has been shown that positive emotions were rather experienced by iPhone users both before and after usage, suggesting that the emotions involved during iPhone usage was generally positive. Although more research would need to be conducted to safeguard this claim, it can be generally deduced from the results of this research that:when using a product, positive emotions in terms of the reflective level accounts for much of the negative emotions(i.e. discomfort) associated with behavioral level with regard to the product itself.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.30-34
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• 2000

인간의 능력은 유전과 환경에 의해 결정되며, 정보는 인지와 감성의 긴밀한 상호작용을 통하여 처리된다. 이런 관점에서 보면, 정보처리모델에서는 유전과 환경, 인지와 감성 작용이 모두 고려되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 감성이론과 정보처리모델을 바탕으로 감성필터모델을 제시하였다. 이 모델에서는 감성필터가 입력을 선별적으로 수용하며, 수용된 입력은 자신의 현재 능력과 함께 상호작용을 하며 정보를 처리하게 된다. 정보를 처리하는 과정에서 인간은 지식과 경험을 재구성하거나 잠재력을 계발할 수 있다. 이 모델을 통하여, 새로운 관전에서 유전과 환경의 의미 그리고 감성과 인지의 역할을 살펴보았다. 또한 교육적인 관점에서 감성교육과 감성공학의 의미에 대하여 살펴보았다.

• Archives of design research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.299-308
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• 2003

The existing market patterns and social structures have been changed according to the trends of digital and informational society of the 21st century. The characteristics of the consumption market is that the balance of power moves from enterprises to consumers. As consumers’ demands are diversified according to life quality enhancement, many products are based on main aspects of human experiences, emotions and values. Standardized functions and services of products cannot capture consumers to a great extent any more. A notable aspect is that consumers want products or services that can oner movable experiences. Future products must appeal to emotion, not to reason of consumers. Now consumers purchase styles, experiences and stories contained in products, not products themselves. That is, the key to decision to purchase products is the satisfaction of emotional values. Users'emotions diversified due to the development of industrial designs demand the development of new designs that can represent new trends of users. User-centered values imply the change of people's purchasing trends. This indicates that there is a need to change physical aspects such as price or functions into individual emotions and characters. In addition, studies are required on design concepts to pursue new emotional values, apart from functional type designs. It is time for designers to suggest initiative and rational directions for this changing era.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.109-110
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• 2016

제품의 편익이나 기능 뿐 아니라 소비자가 필요로 하는 감성의 자극이 충족 될 때 브랜드에 대한 신뢰와 만족도는 더욱 높아진다. 본 연구는 선행 문헌 고찰을 통해 스마트폰 브랜드에 대한 사용자의 감성적 경험 가치가 브랜드 충성도에 영향을 미친다는 가설을 도출하고, 국내에서 선호도가 높은 3개의 스마트폰 브랜드를 대상으로 실증적인 분석을 하여 이를 검증 하였다. 그 결과 감성적 경험가치가 브랜드의 만족도와 충성도에 영향을 미침으로써 성공적인 브랜드로 연결되는 중요한 요인임을 확인하였고, 이를 토대로 현 브랜드들이 소비자와의 감성 교감을 통해 브랜드의 감성가치를 향상시키고 브랜드 성공으로 가기 위한 자료로 활용되기를 기대한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.39-42
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• 2009

4 세대 모바일폰은 카메라, MP3, 블루투스, DMB, 전자수첩, PC, 웹브라우징의 복합 기능을 가진 제품으로 진화하고 있으며, 이를 위한 사용자의 요구와 경험디자인의 요소를 탐색하고 분석하는 것이 요구된다. 하지만 기존의 사용자 요구의 조사와 경험디자인은 많은 비용과 시간을 투입하고도 기존 요구의 재확인에 머물거나, 제한적이고 예측 가능한 결과만을 도출하는 문제점을 가지고 있어 창의적 디자인 아이디어 도출에는 한계를 가지고 있다. 이는 사용자의 선정과 분석의 방법이 마케팅 중심의 통계적 방법에 기초하고 있으며, 사용자의 선정에 분석의 결과가 좌우되기 때문이다. 본 연구는 창의적 경험디자인의 방법으로서 1% 이미지 추출의 작업과 국내외 커뮤니티 사이트를 중심으로 한 디지털 포켓리서치의 방법을 활용하였나 2차 사용자 조사는 '1% UX 리서치'로 명명한 극단적 사용자 분석의 방법을 개발하고 적용하였으며, 주요 디자인 요구와 암시점은 K-J 매트릭스를 통하여 체계화하였다. 디지털포켓리서치와 1% 사용자의 리서치의 방법론은 근 미래의 사용자 예측과 풍부한 경험디자인의 아이디어를 발상할 수 있다는 측면에서 기존의 방법론 보다 비용과 시간 측면에서 효율적으로 활용할 수 있었다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.156-163
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• 2013

In the past, the enlargement of perception through media was 'information'. From now on, however, the primary objective of media is to consist not in conveying information but in sharing the values of 'emotion' and 'experience' that are perceived through information. Individual emotional becomes an issue due to the limitations of the ideology of modernism and the pervasiveness of the autonomous perception in the human thinking that started in postmodernism. If we once again talk about a function-focused, sensible approach for the sake of marketing in the current era that has impinged on the limits of mammonism, we must keep in mind that 'emotion,' presently retaken as the originary, human value and the value of new communication, may come to an end any time. Therefore, th current thesis is designed to examine John Dewey's 'transaction' as a method for figuring out the concept of emotion, the perceptional function latent in humans. Dewey's 'transaction,' which is a term that refers to the reciprocal relationships between humans and environment and the accompanying totality of perceptive process, interprets human emotion, user experience and environment as the organic, circular relationships. For such understanding, one must break out of the boundary of the past, dichotomous communication between the subject and the object to expand into the perceptional relations in a wider environment, in order to seek design methods that would help dismantle the borderline that has so far separated the developer from the user, share sensibilities, and express experiences.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.97-110
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• 2002

As users environments change, users primary needs for homepages also change more complicatedly. Today, users do not only want usability for homepages, but also to feel appropriate emotional experiences. Despite users needs, users do not always experience appropriate emotions that are conveyed by designers through homepage. I In this research paper, we analyzed the related factors with the emotional quality, which means the degree that users feel target emotions intended by designers. For analyzing factors related with the emotional quality, three hypotheses were verified; the factor of an emotion, the factor of users and the factor of designers. As the factor of emotions, the first hypothesis is that unclear emotional dimensions in users minds are related with the emotional quality. The second hypothesis, as the factor of users, is that the diversity of users experiences by same homepage is related with the emotional quality. The third hypothesis, as the factor of designers, is that the appropriate selection of design elements is related with the emotional quality. In the previous research, we selected the basic 13 emotional dimensions and 30 representative emotional words based on the statistical results and evaluations by professional designers. For this research, we conducted an experiment and user survey. In the experiment, we asked 30 designers to design homepages focusing on the typical emotion that was presented by a researcher. Based on the designing process and user evaluation, we performed statistical analyses: ANOVA with Tukey post hoc method and Factor Analysis. We found the discrepancy between the emotions that designers intend and the actual emotions that users experienced from homepages. From the result of analysis, we know that the factor of users and the factor of designers related with the emotional qualities, but the factor of emotions did not. The definiteness of emotions did not relate with the emotional quality. However, the diversity of emotions that users feel seeing the same homepages and design elements that designers chose for conveying target emotion related with the emotional quality.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.78-82
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• 1996

본 연구는 화상통신 시스템의 통신품질을 평가하는 데있어 감성공학적 평가방법을 체계화하고, 감성 simulator를 구축함을 그 목적으로 한다. 사회가 다원화되고 확대됨에 따라 멀티미디어 통신 시스템 의 설계 시 고려되어야 할 과제는 사용자에게 제공해야 하는 통화품질을 명확히 하고, 이것을 실현하 기 위해각종 통신설비의 품질을 구현하는 것이다. 본 연구는 멀티미디어 통신의 총아라고 할 수 있는 화상통신 시스템에 감성공학적 기법을 적용하여, 사용자가 만족할 수 있는 통신서비스 품질 설정을 위 한 체계적 방법론 및 표준 자료를 제공하기 위한 기초 연구이다. 설문지와 사전 등을 통하여 화상 통 신을 사용할 때 사용자가 느끼는 감성을 형용사의 형태로 정리하였다. 또, 유사한 화상통신 시스템의 사용 경험이 있는 사람들로부터 불만 사항을 조사하고, 연구진에 의하여 추출된 형용사에 대한 가중치 를 부여 하도록 한다. 이렇게 얻어진 불만 및 감성 항목은 화상통신 시스템의 설계요인으로 분해되어, 추후 수행될 감성실험의 실험 조건으로 결정되었다. 현재 감성실험을 수행할 수 있는 감성 simulator가 구현되었으며 추후 실험이 수행될 계획이다. 그 실험 결과는 감성과 설계요인들과의 관계를 밝히며, 고객이 느끼는 주관적 화상통신 품질을 평가하는데필요한 지침이 마련된다.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.179-196
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• 2019

Recently, the "Smart Consumer" has been emerging. He or she is increasingly inclined to search for and purchase products by taking into account personal judgment or expert reviews rather than by relying on information delivered through manufacturers' advertising. This is especially true when purchasing cosmetics. Because cosmetics act directly on the skin, consumers respond seriously to dangerous chemical elements they contain or to skin problems they may cause. Above all, cosmetics should fit well with the purchaser's skin type. In addition, changes in global cosmetics consumer trends make it necessary to study this field. The desire to find one's own individualized cosmetics is being revealed to consumers around the world and is known as "Finding the Holy Grail." Many consumers show a deep interest in customized cosmetics with the cultural boom known as "K-Beauty" (an aspect of "Han-Ryu"), the growth of personal grooming, and the emergence of "self-culture" that includes "self-beauty" and "self-interior." These trends have led to the explosive popularity of cosmetics made in Korea in the Chinese and Southeast Asian markets. In order to meet the customized cosmetics needs of consumers, cosmetics manufacturers and related companies are responding by concentrating on delivering premium services through the convergence of ICT(Information, Communication and Technology). Despite the evolution of companies' responses regarding market trends toward customized cosmetics, there is no "Intelligent Data Platform" that deals holistically with consumers' skin condition experience and thus attaches emotions to products and services. To find the Holy Grail of customized cosmetics, it is important to acquire and analyze consumer data on what they want in order to address their experiences and emotions. The emotions consumers are addressing when purchasing cosmetics varies by their age, sex, skin type, and specific skin issues and influences what price is considered reasonable. Therefore, it is necessary to classify emotions regarding cosmetics by individual consumer. Because of its importance, consumer emotion analysis has been used for both services and products. Given the trends identified above, we judge that consumer emotion analysis can be used in our study. Therefore, we collected and indexed data on consumers' emotions regarding their cosmetics experiences focusing on consumers' language. We crawled the cosmetics emotion data from SNS (blog and Twitter) according to sales ranking ($1^{st}$ to $99^{th}$), focusing on the ample/serum category. A total of 357 emotional adjectives were collected, and we combined and abstracted similar or duplicate emotional adjectives. We conducted a "Consumer Sentiment Journey" workshop to build a "Consumer Sentiment Dictionary," and this resulted in a total of 76 emotional adjectives regarding cosmetics consumer experience. Using these 76 emotional adjectives, we performed clustering with the Self-Organizing Map (SOM) method. As a result of the analysis, we derived eight final clusters of cosmetics consumer sentiments. Using the vector values of each node for each cluster, the characteristics of each cluster were derived based on the top ten most frequently appearing consumer sentiments. Different characteristics were found in consumer sentiments in each cluster. We also developed a cosmetics experience pattern map. The study results confirmed that recommendation and classification systems that consider consumer emotions and sentiments are needed because each consumer differs in what he or she pursues and prefers. Furthermore, this study reaffirms that the application of emotion and sentiment analysis can be extended to various fields other than cosmetics, and it implies that consumer insights can be derived using these methods. They can be used not only to build a specialized sentiment dictionary using scientific processes and "Design Thinking Methodology," but we also expect that these methods can help us to understand consumers' psychological reactions and cognitive behaviors. If this study is further developed, we believe that it will be able to provide solutions based on consumer experience, and therefore that it can be developed as an aspect of marketing intelligence.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.139-148
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• 2002

This study deals with the occurrence and application of 'Fun' as a linguistic function through form-giving. As a linguistic function, Fun could be defined, in a broad sense, as an emotion of desire when in relation to artifacts, and, in a narrow sense, as a physical or mental response when a person discovers unexpected information or artifacts. Hence, the occurrence of 'Fun' could be an analogy of a removal of a 'mental block' from using (or perceiving) artifacts. As an aspect of cognitive psychology, the context of form-giving, which has meanings in both artifact and design activity, will deal with an important factor of form-giving. From that, the elements of the context and the transformation of the elements are suggestive of 'Fun-oriented form-giving'. Hence, this study will show how to deal with that elements, what is required condition on it, 'Fun' in form-giving, and the Mechanism of Occurrence of 'FUN' based on this study, will be expected to apply them for product-concept effectively and Form-Giving fashionably.