• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.453-464
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• 2016

This study started from the basis of necessity on the researches which asserts that parental rearing behavior in the modern society should change reflecting the social change of sociocultural environment. For this, parental rearing behavior of social constructivism and existing parental rearing behavior were contemplated while construct of parental rearing behavior was explored on the basis of main causes from Vygotsky's theory in order to prepare paradigm of new parental rearing behavior. As far as the method of study goes, various literature from relevant scholars were analyzed, centering various previously conducted studies pertaining to parental rearing behaviors as well as Vygotsky's theory. Also, the validity of the contents was confirmed through consult and revision from three experts. As the result, five factors were extracted. First, factor of cooperative interaction on social interaction. Secondly, emphasis on Internalization factor on social constructive behavior. Thirdly, potential development factor in zone of proximal development. Fourthly, instructional conversation factor as semiotic medium. Lastly, assistance factor as scaffolding. As a result, new paradigm of parental rearing behavior was presented and opened a prospect in developing the touchstone of parental rearing behavior pursuant to social constructivism.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.135-146
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• 2018

This study aims to investigate the consumers' preference and willingness to pay for UWV panoramic video, which is a new realistic video technology, and propose the issues to be considered for developing and commercializing this technology in accordance with the needs of consumers. For this purpose, experimental study was conducted by constructing two environments; watching TV at home and watching panoramic video on the big screen. As a result, consumers in both experimental environments were more likely to prefer UWV than UHD, which is the existing video ratio. Consumers also showed intend to use UWV and are willing to pay for it. As a result of exploring the consumers' maximum amount of money to pay for the UWV and the reasons for it, the perception of immersion, liveliness, and actual experience of UWV were important factors for consumer acceptance of new realistic video technology.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.60-64
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• 2000

This paper studies the relation between the Fundamental Frequency (F0) and the formants of simple vowels in the Korean language sung by sopranos. It is hewn that, in soprano singing, the F0 of a vowel affects its formants. For this reason the formants of simple vowels sung by sopranos must be considered in all over the soprano singing range. We recorded the five simple vowel sounds /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, and /u/ sung by five professional sopranos from A3 (220.0Hz) to A5 (880.0Hz) in the major scale and compared the formants of the sung vowels with those of spoken vowels. We observed that F1 and F2 of sung vowels were stable in low F0 (lower than B4) but in high F0 (higher than B4), F1 and F2 lost their stabilities. In the case of /a/, /o/, and /u/, the slope of the F1-F2 graph was about 2.6, and those of the F0-F2 and F0-Fl graphs were 2.2-2.5 and 0.7-1.0, respectively. And as the F0 increases, the F1 and F2 of sung vowels /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, and /u/ were almost the same. At A5, the Fl and F2 of five sung vowels had the same values. This results suggest that the relation between the F0 and the formants be used to synthesize soprano's singing vowels.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.2E
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• pp.91-97
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• 1995

This paper describes the implementation of a multi-channel audio codec for HETV. This codec has the features of the 3/2-stereo plus low frequency enhancement, downward compatibility with the smaller number of channels, backward compatibility with the existing 2/0-stereo system(MPEG-1 audio), and multilingual capability. The encoder of this codec consists of 6-channel analog audio input part with the sampling rate of 48 kHz, 4-channel digital audio input part and three TMS320C40 /DSPs. The encoder implements multi-channel audio compression using a human perceptual psychoacoustic model, and has the bit rate reduction to 384 kbit/s without impairment of subjective quality. The decoder consists of 6-channel analog audio output part, 4-channel digital audio output part, and two TMS320C40 DSPs for a decoding procedure. The decoder analyzes the bit stream received with bit rate of 384 kbit/s from the encoder and reproduces the multi-channel audio signals for analog and digital outputs. The multi-processing of this audio codec using multiple DSPs is ensured by high speed transfer of date between DSPs through coordinating communication port activities with DMA coprocessors. Finally, some technical considerations are suggested to realize the problem of real-time operation, which are found out through the implementation of this codec using the MPEG-2 layer II sudio coding algorithm and the use of the hardware architecture with commercial multiple DSPs.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.200-206
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• 2010

In this study, we investigated the antibacterial effect of 69 oriental medicinal herbs (OMHs) on Actinomyces viscocus, Streptococcus sobrinus, and two strains of Streptococcus mutans as oral bacteria. Methanol extracts of OMHs were used in the first antibacterial test, and then boiled water, ethanol, methanol, and ethyl acetate extracts of C. japonica, C. sappan, P. mume, and S. chinensis were used in the second test. Boiled water extract of C. japonica was shown to have the most superior effect on oral bacteria. The extract yield of boiled water extract of C. japonica was 22%, and the growth of oral bacteria was almost inhibited at over a 180 mg/ml concentration. Antibacterial effect compound analyzed by UPLC method was identified as berberine, and the content was 25.54%. In addition, the extract appeared to be stable at $121^{\circ}C$ for 15 min.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.41-51
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• 2004

The objectives of this study is to suggest marketing strategies directed of retroactive-socialized parents who have environmental-educated children at school. For this purpose, this study based on the consumer socialization agent such as family and demographic variables were studied. The scope of this study includes attitudes toward price and advertising, and interests related to environmental problems and environmental-products preference. As a result, The parents of environmental-educated children get much more environmental information and show favorable buying behaviors for environmental-products. Most of parents who get environmental information from children educated at school show favorable attitude towards the advertising and also show more preference to environmental-products and more frequent communication among family members. Parents who have environmental-educated children were insensitive to price, more consciousness about environmental problem and flexible to change in their buying behaviors. In conclusion, This study shows that behaviors of children had a significant influence on buying behavior of parents.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.202-207
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• 1975

During the term of June, 7 to August 11, the noises in the maine engine room in terms of the r. p. m. of the Pung-Yang Ho (4,500 H. P.), the Chuk-Yang Ho (3,800 H. P.), the Dong-Bang Ho (3,000 H. P.), the Oh-Dae San Ho (2,690 H, P.), the Kwan-Ak-San Ho (1,000 H. P.) and the Back-Kyung Ho (850 H. P.) (Refer to Table 1) were measured with the use of sound level meter, which has measuring range 37-140 dB and the results obtained are as follows : 1. Capacity of the engine room becomes large according to the total H. P. of the main engine, but the vessels are using of a type of engine, i.e., 6 cylinder, and thus the noise, pressure has shown a tendency to become lower except Kwan-Ak-San Ho, Chuk-Yang Ho and Dong Bang Ho where the noise pressure was higher by 3 dB than curve of mean value. 2. The maximum noise pressure appeared even before the main engine reached the maximum r. p. m. and while the percentage of the r. p. m. varied depending on the vessel, the maximum noise appeared at around the $67-75\%$ of the r. p. m. 3. The maximum of noise pressure in the respective engine room ranged between 93.5-105 dB while it was between 72-81 dB at the fish process room in the stern trawl vessel where the oral communications were possible.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.79 no.3
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• pp.290-301
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• 1990

The 167 plus tree clones of Pinus koraiensis in clone bank planted in 1983 were investigated for time of flowering, rate of flowering, and number of flowering from 1986 to 1989. The results were as follows : 1) There were clones in the minority which do not cross in natural pollination between earlest flowering female clones and latest shedding male clones. 2) The rate of male flowering appeared less than rate of female flowering and received influence of genetic more than rate of female flowering. 3) The numbers of flowering in female and male flower were affected by small number of clones. 4) The flowering number for female strobili was not related to the flowering number of male flower. The 42 clones among 167 clone had not male flower. 5) The flowering number of 167clones were classified three groups in female flower and four groups in male flower by L.S.D 5% test. 6) The clones with abundant female and male flower were selected based on the component analysis. 7) As Based on flowering rate and number of female, the juvenile phase of plus tree clones appeared to be until four years after grafting ; the transition period appeared to be from five to seven years after grafting ; the adult phase appeared to begin from eight years after grafting, 8) The grafted trees of Pinus koraiensis appeared early flowerring about six years compared with seedling trees.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.86-100
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• 2015

Through advances driven by the Internet and the Smart Revolution, the amount and types of data generated by users have increased and diversified respectively. There is now a new concept at the center of attention, which is Big Data for assessing enormous amount of data and enjoying new values therefrom. In particular, efforts are required to analyze narratives within video clips and to study how to visualize such narratives in order to search contents stored in the Big Data. As part of the research efforts, this paper analyzes dialogues exchanged among characters and offers an interface named "Character-net" developed for modelling narratives. The interface Character-net can extract characters by analyzing narrative videos and also model the relationships between characters, both in the automatic manner. This signifies a possibility of a tool that can visualize a narrative based on an approach different from those used in existing studies. However, its drawbacks have been observed in terms of limited applications and difficulty in grasping a narrative's features at a glace. It was assumed that Character-net could be improved with the introduction of information design. Against the backdrop, the paper first provides a brief explanation of visualization design found in the data information design area and investigates research cases focused on the visualization of narratives present in videos. Next, key ideas of Character-net and its technical differences from existing studies have been introduced, followed by methods suggested for its potential improvements with the help of design-side solutions.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.11
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• pp.206-216
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• 2013

The emotion plays a critical role in human's daily life including learning, action, decision and communication. In this paper, emotion discrimination classifier is designed to reduce system complexity through reduced selection of dominant features from biosignals. The photoplethysmography(PPG), skin temperature, skin conductance, fontal and parietal electroencephalography(EEG) signals were measured during 4 types of movie watching associated with the induction of neutral, sad, fear joy emotions. The genetic algorithm with support vector machine(SVM) based fitness function was designed to determine dominant features among 24 parameters extracted from measured biosignals. It shows maximum classification accuracy of 96.4%, which is 17% higher than that of SVM alone. The minimum error features selected are the mean and NN50 of heart rate variability from PPG signal, the mean of PPG induced pulse transit time, the mean of skin resistance, and ${\delta}$ and ${\beta}$ frequency band powers of parietal EEG. The combination of parietal EEG, PPG, and skin resistance is recommendable in high accuracy instrumentation, while the combinational use of PPG and skin conductance(79% accuracy) is affordable in simplified instrumentation.