• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.802-821
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• 2003

This paper aims to illuminate how the Naturalists' concern on geography and geography education, mainly in Comenius, Rousseau, Pestalozzi who have played key roles in the development of Naturalism, has developed and how the Naturalism has influenced on the development of geography and geography education. Starting from sensual realism, the Naturalism suggested the educational principle and methods adjusting to the Nature well as exercised great influence on the formation of modem school education toward popular common education. The geography took the firm position as subject in the curriculum of the Naturalists and achieved the rationale of existence as subject in curriculum with utility to expand human experience, thanks to Naturalists. The Naturalists developed several ideas on geography teaching method such as labouring activity-centered geography teaching based on strengthening sense and experience by 'look-and-see' approach, local geography-centered geography teaching with stress the local area as the focus of direct experience and living environment, and the real thing-centered geography teaching by fieldwork. Moreover, The Naturalists had an great effect on the geographer, Karl Ritter in terms of methodology of geography.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.217-226
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• 2010

Reading a photograph is a process of perceiving the image in it. We are able to approach the intention of the photographer only from the sensory material of the image. To make sure how we see the image when we look at a photo, this paper did an experiment with Robert Doisneau's photo, 'Un Regard Oblique'. The hypothesis was set upon the idea of Mary Ann Doane, a pioneer in Gender study. Eye-tracker, Tobii was used to measure the movements and the fixation lengths of the pupils of 44 subjects. From the results of the experiment, it was verified that people look at photographic image in a certain way. At the same time, the gazing strength was differential on every subjects and subject groups.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.229-243
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• 2021

This study aims to establish a research model to see how cultural differences affect negotiation outcomes. People from different countries tend to communicate in slightly different ways. So Recognizing the cultural differences in global businesses is an important preparation process and strategy. If such preparations are not made before doing business with companies in other cultures, many conflicts could arise in the negotiation process and even the negotiations could break down. Therefore, it is important to recognize cultural differences and establish appropriate strategies in international negotiations, and it is necessary to take a look at the factors that affect them one by one. For the purpose of this study, Cultural differences based on Edward Hall's context theory and Personal characteristics were set as moderator variables. and The EU countries(low context cultures) and the Korea(high context cultures) were sampled to study the effects of Negotiation strategy(Problem-Solving Approach).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computational and Applied Mathematics Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.10-10
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• 2003

Option pricing theory developed by Black and Sholes depends on an arbitrage opportunity argument. An investor can exactly replicate the returns to any option on that stock by continuously adjusting a portfolio consisting of a stock and a riskless bond. The value of the option equal the value of the replicating portfolio. However, transactions costs invalidate the Black-Sholes arbitrage argument for option pricing, since continuous revision implies infinite trading, Discrete revision using Black-Sholes deltas generates errors which are correlated with the market, and do not approach zero with more frequent revision when transactions costs are included. Stochastic calculus serves as a fundamental tool in the mathematical finance. We closely look at the utility maximization theory which is one of the main option valuation methods. We also see that how the stochastic optimal control problems and their solution methods are applied to the theory.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07b
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• pp.1053-1055
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• 1996

This paper proposes a Fuzzy TPR having the control function to a TPR used for the conversion of electricity in industrial field. The Fuzzy TPR based on the Fuzzy Logic Control technique is composed of the parts to calculate the low-level value and the high-level value. These values are calculated by error and change in error which are refer to the look-up table. To show the usefulness of the proposed Fuzzy TPR, it is applied to industrial temperature control system. In the results of experiment, we see that the system is able to fast reach steady-state, and for our approach to be robust to external disturbance than the method using the conventional TPR.

• Korean Journal of Logic
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.167-201
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• 2010

This paper aims to scrutinize the possibility of mereology as philosophically satisfiable metalogic. Motivation for this is straightforward. As I see, a traditional approach to metalogic presented in the name of mathematical logic posits the existence of mathematical entities such as sets, functions, models, etc. to give definitions of logical concepts like logical consequence. As a result, whenever logic is used in any individual sciences, this set-theoretical metalogic cannot but add these mathematical entities to the domain of them. This fact makes this approach contradict to the ontological conservativeness of logic. Mereology, however, has been alleged to be ontologically innocent, while it is a formal system very similar to set theory. So it may well be that some people thought of mereology as a good substitute for set theoretic metalanguage and concepts for ontologically neutral metalogic. Unfortunately, when we look into argument for the ontological innocence of mereology, we can find that mereological entities such as mereological sums or fusions are not ontologically neutral. Thus we can conclude that mereological approach to metalogic is not promising at all.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.621-631
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• 2017

Many developing countries considering the introduction of nuclear power find that large-scale reactor plants in the range of 1,000 MWe to 1,600 MWe are not grid appropriate for their current circumstance. By contrast, small modular reactors are generally too small to make significant contributions toward rapidly growing electricity demand and to date have not been demonstrated. This paper proposes a radically simplified re-design for the nuclear steam cycle for a medium-sized reactor plant in the range of 600 MWe. Historically, balance of plant designs for units of this size have emphasized reliability and efficiency. It will be demonstrated here that advances over the past 50 years in component design, materials, and fabrication techniques allow both of these goals to be met with a less complex design. A disciplined approach to reduce component count will result in substantial benefits in the life cycle cost of the units. Specifically, fabrication, transportation, construction, operations, and maintenance costs and expenses can all see significant reductions. In addition, the design described here can also be expected to significantly reduce both construction duration and operational requirements for maintenance and inspections.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.20-30
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to develop the effective customized elderly fashion marketing process based on the web site, where older customer will be able to choose various fabrics and to try them out. This aims to establish new prototype of internet shopping mall for customized elderly fashion clothing. In this study, new method of product presentation on the online shopping mall is proposed to offer product information through 3D virtual reality. With the online shopping mall(SATC Mall) as a showcase, we presented virtual mapping system so that it enable the customers to select the fabrics and to see exactly how chosen fabric will look when applied to image of clothing. As an initial test of the application of simulation to measure 3D visualization of product, mapping software Vision Easy Map Pro Version 6.0(NedGraphics) Vision Easy Map Viewer Version 5.0(NedGraphics) were chosen and applied. By using this mapping system, the fabric change of the apparel product could be made on the internet shopping web site. However, this approach has been successful applied for presenting and customizing garment products. Future research will focus on the integration of mapping coordination into SATC Mall.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.20
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• pp.47-61
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• 2010

The Uncanny Valley is a hypothesis introduced by a roboticist, Masahiro Mori. The theory holds that as robots and other facsimiles of humans look and act more human-like, the emotional response from a human spectator to them will become increasingly empathic, until they approach realistic similarity to humans but not quite exactly like them, when those images stop being likable and instead become repulsive and "uncanny." Although the scientific validity of this hypothesis is still debatable, it is true that many spectators has tendency to reject hyper-realistic animation. For that reason, the great success of the recent movie Avatar is remarkable. Computer animations that try to represent humans in hyper-realistic way fall into a paradox: successful result images would look too mundane and unsuccessful ones look "wrong". On top of that, audience would expect from hyper-realistic animation to see same level of acting of live-action films, which is usually not the case. The subtle differences between digital characters and real actors irritate spectators and hinder them in absorbtion. The biggest difference between Avatar and other hyper-realistic animation is the referent of their representation. While Avatar pursues a similar hyper-realistic visual style, the referents of the representation shown in this movie are totally alien to us thus impossible to compare with the real counterparts. Unlike characters in other hyper-realistic animations who had to fight an uphill battle with great actors in real life, those in Avatar have criteria of their own. That is why this movie can be free from the dreadful valley and let the audience absorb into the spectacle.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.64-74
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• 2007

Because of the size and environment in the shipbuilding process, the portable type robot is required for the automatic seam tracking. For this reason, the structure of laser sensor should be considered in the initial design step and the coordinate transformation between welding robot and laser sensor, which is joint finder, must be identified exactly and the real time tracking algorithm based on these consideration could be developed. In this research, laser displacement sensor in which its structure is laser beam's vertical projection, is developed to recognize the location of weld joint. In practical applications, however, images of weld joints are often degraded because of the surface specularity or spatter. To overcome the problem, the constrained joint finding algorithm is proposed. In the approach of coordinate conversion rule for the visual feedback control among welding torch, robot body and laser sensor is applied by the same reference point method. In the real time seam tracking algorithms we propose constrained sampling method which uses look ahead distance. The RLS(Recursive Least Square) filter is applied to obtain the smooth tracking path from the sensitive edge data. From the experimental results, we could see the possibility that the developed laser sensor with proposed processing algorithm and real time seam tracking method can be used as a welding under the shipbuilding condition.