• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.17C no.1
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• pp.89-98
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• 2010

In current digital broadcasting systems, GEM(Globally Executable MHP)-based middlewares such as MHP(Multimedia Home Platform), OCAP(OpenCable Application Platform), ACAP(Advanced Common Application Platform) are the norm. Despite much of the common characteristics shared, such as MPEG-2 and DSM-CC(Digital Storage Media-Command and Control) protocols, the information and data structures they need are slightly different, which results in incompatibility issues. In this paper, in line with an effort to develop an integrated DTV middleware, we propose a general-purpose, reconfigurable DSM-CC architecture for supporting various standard GEM-based middlewares without code modifications. First, we identify DSM-CC components that are common and thus can be shared by all GEM-based middlewares. Next, the system is provided with middleware-specific information and data structures in the form of XML. Since the XML information can be parsed dynamically at run time, it can be interchanged either statically or dynamically for a specific target middleware. As for the performance issues, the response time and usage frequency of DSM-CC module highly contribute to the performance of STB(Set-Top-Box). In this paper, we also propose an efficient application cache management strategy and evaluate its performance. The performance result has shown that the cache strategy reflecting user preferences greatly helps to reduce response time for executing application.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.19-24
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• 2008

Common Criteria is a standard to estimate safety of information protection product such as network-level firewall system and intrusion detection system. Recently, CC version is changed from CC v.2.3 to CC v.3.1. CC v.3.1 estimation methodology requires a secured dictionary accomodation preparation for information protection product. In this research, progressed CC v3 base composition product test and research about vulnerability analysis method. Further, this paper presents specific plan sorting composition style information protection product examination methodology to existing principle and detailed methodology.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.274-278
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• 2011

The changes in the corpus callosum (CC) with age and gender remain largely subject to dispute, which might come from the different strategies for analyzing the size and shape of CC. We have investigated this issue by measuring some variables reflecting the spatial orientation of CC on magnetic resonance imaging in Koreans, which minimize individual variances in the brain. The subjects were composed of young adults in their twenties (51 male, 59 female) and elderly adults in their sixties and seventies (60 male, 71 female). The total area of CC, length and height of CC, the central angle and the four angles suggested by Oka et al. were measured. The whole area and the central angle of CC were not significantly affected by age and gender. The height and length of CC were significantly greater in elderly people. The angle connecting genu, upper notch of pons and splenium was significantly larger in the elderly group. Furthermore, all four angles were significantly different between male and female subjects. These results confirm that the spatial orientation of CC is influenced by age and gender.

• BMB Reports
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.307-327
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• 1998

Cytochrome c peroxidase (CcP) is a yeast mitochondrial enzyme which catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide to water using two equivalents of ferrocytochrome c. The CcP/cytochrome c system has many features which make it a very useful model for detailed investigation of heme protein structure/function relationships including activation of hydrogen peroxide, protein-protein interactions, and long-range electron transfer. Both CcP and cytochrome c are single heme, single subunit proteins of modest size. High-resolution crystallographic structures of both proteins, of one-to-one complexes of the two proteins, and a number of active-site mutants are available. Site-directed mutagenesis studies indicate that the distal histidine in CcP is primarily responsible for rapid utilization of hydrogen peroxide implying significantly different properties of the distal histidine in the peroxidases compared to the globins. CcP and cytochrome c bind to form a dynamic one-to-one complex. The binding is largely electrostatic in nature with a small, unfavorable enthalpy of binding and a large positive entropy change upon complex formation. The cytochrome c-binding site on CcP has been mapped in solution by measuring the binding affinities between cytochrome c and a number of CcP surface mutations. The binding site for cytochrome c in solution is consistent with the crystallographic structure of the one-to-one complex. Evidence for the involvement of a second, low-affinity cytochrome c-binding site on CcP in long-range electron transfer between the two proteins is reviewed.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.16-27
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• 2015

Purpose: This study evaluates the level of cultural competence (CC) and educational needs for cultural competence in nursing (CCN) in undergraduate nursing students. Methods: A self-report instrument was used to measure CC and educational needs for CCN. Questionnaires were completed by 330 nursing students in three nursing colleges. Descriptive statistics, a t-test, an ANOVA, Pearson correlation analyses, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean CC score was 2.99 and the mean CCN educational needs score was 7.1. CC positively correlated with educational needs for CCN. The regression model explained 36% of the variance in CC. Factors affecting CC were school grades, multicultural education experience, frequency of meeting foreigners, length of encounters with foreigners, foreign-language fluency, and degree of interest in multicultural nursing. Conclusion: To strengthen the CC of students, nursing educators should develop an educational program for CCN and incorporate CCN into nursing school curricula.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

The burning characteristics of HTPB/AP solid propellants were measured by closed bomb of internal volume of 200 cc and 700 cc up to 30,000 psia. The burning rates of closed bomb method showed good agreement with those of strand burner method between 1,000 psia and 5,000 psia, and the sharp increment of pressure exponent(n) around 6,000 psia as a result of testing in accordance with loading densities. The burning rate measured in 200 cc and 700 cc of internal volume of closed bomb agreed well without the relation of internal volume size.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.12C no.2 s.98
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• pp.207-216
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• 2005

It is difficult to decide which security functions(class, family, component) in the Common Criteria(CC) are important, since there is no research result about the frequency of use of security functions in real security product or Protection Profiles(PPs). Thus, we survey security functions in CC and 33 PPs that can be classified by 10 product types, and create a set of 'frequency of use of security functions' in CC and each types of security product. Our research results are useful for development of a new classification schema, as well as, estimation of development and evaluation efforts of security products.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 1981

This study was conducted to compare the cleansing effect of various irrigants and the function of the quantity of irrigants in apical region. One hundred sixty single rooted teeth were divided into four groups and fourty teeth in each group were individually enlarged and irrigated with each of four irrigants as they would be during clinical condition. The four tested irrigants were Normal saline solution, 3.5% NaOCl, 15% EDTA, and 50% Citric acid. In each group, twenty teeth were flushed with 2cc of each irrigant and another twenty teeth with 5cc of same irrigant after use of each instrument. After final flush and dry, the roots were split longitudinally and the degree of cleansing at apical portion were evaluated under Stereoscope by three observers. The typical specimens of each group were also examined under Scanning electron microscope. The results were as follows. 1. There were no significant difference of cleansing effect among the tested irrigants. 2. 5cc flushed groups have more samples that have high degree of cleansing than 2cc flushed groups. 3. The canals irrigated with 2cc showed the presence of many dentin chips, tissue debris and smeared layer, whereas the 5cc groups revealed relatively clean canal surface and less smeared layer under Scanning electron microscope. 4. The teeth flushed with 5cc of EDTA and with 5cc of Citric acid showed the most clean canal surface at Scanning fictures.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.264-269
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• 2011

This study was designed to investigate the effects of Cinnamomi Cortex extract (CC) on hypercholesterolemia induced by Estradiol valerate (EV) in female rats. We investigated the effects of CC on Changes in body weights for 5 weeks. In addition, we examined the effects on fasting blood glucose (FBS) and tested oral glucose tolerance test after oral administration of CC for 5 weeks. We also investigated the effects on levels of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in serum. Treatment with CC restored weight gain rates suppressed by EV significantly. CC did not affect serum glucose level and glucose tolerance. Levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride were lowered by administration of CC compared to EV treated control respectively. These result suggest that CC can lower serum cholesterol level then prevent weight loss induced by EV. We also suggest the possibility as anti-hyperlipidemic agent of CC.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.536-545
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• 2019

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the adsorptive removal of Pb(II) from an aqueous solution using a mixture of spent coffee grounds and chitosan on beads (CC-beads). Various parameters affecting the adsorption process of Pb(II) using CC-beads were investigated. Based on the experimental data, the adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms were analyzed for their adsorption rate, maximum adsorption capacity, adsorption energy and adsorption strength. Moreover, the entropy, enthalpy and free energy were also calculated by thermodynamic analysis. According to the FT-IR analysis, a CC-bead has a very suitable structure for easy heavy metal adsorption. The process of adsorbing Pb(II) using CC-beads was suitable for pseudo-second order kinetic and Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 163.51 (mg/g). The adsorption of Pb(II) using CC-beads was closer to chemical adsorption than physical adsorption. In addition, the adsorption of Pb(II) on CC-beads was exothermic and spontaneous in nature. CC-beads are economical because they are inexpensive and also the waste can be recycled, which is very significant in terms of the continuous circulation of resources. Thus, CC-beads can compete with other adsorbents.