• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
• /
• v.19 no.10
• /
• pp.2647-2656
• /
• 1995

The present work was performed to axially and radially investigate the local cold storage performance in the cylindrical tank with the spherical capsules inserted n-Tetradecane as a new cold storage material. The local cold storage performance of the capsules in the tank was experimentally investigated for the inlet temperature of -7, -5, -3, 0.deg. C, for the flow rate of 0.95, 1.89, 2.84, 6.00 l/min, and for the diameter ratio of 4.9, 9.0, 13.1. The local cold storage performance in the case of using water applied for the commercial ice-ball system was axially investigated by changing the flow rate only with the inlet temperature of -7.deg. C and the diameter ratio of 9.0 in order to compare with the performance in the case of using n-Tetradecane. For the case of using n-Tetradecane, the difference of cold storage period between the first and the seventh story was increased as the inlet temperature was increased and the flow rate was decreased. The capsules at the center of the tank showed the supercooling and the increased cold storage period compared with the capsules at the wall of the tank due to the small porosity and insufficient cold storage performance at the center of the tank as the diameter ratio is increased. The case using water showed worse cold storage performance due to comparatively large supercooling than the case using n-Tetradecane.

• Herbal Formula Science
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.184-191
• /
• 2006

Cold Urticaria and Cholinergic Urticaria are considered to be distinct disorders in which mediator release and hives can be induced by different stimulti. While neither cold Urticaria nor cholinergic Urticaria is rare, it is unusual to see both disorders occurring in the same patient. Also, our case presents atypical urtication to cold exposure. similar to classic cholinergic Urticaria lesions, called ‘cold-induced cholinergic urticaria’. a case of It lives from as usual as cold as ice environment and When entering into the warm place, the patient minute when the urticaria appears cold - induced cholinergic Urticaria it suspects, The sasang constitution which will reach the result which it demonstrates medically it got the effect which considers it reports.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.149-156
• /
• 2012

Objectives: This case study described a process of the pruritus gravidarum patient diagnosed as Tae-eumin Exterior-Cold-Disease by Cold in the Esophagus. Methods: We experienced one patient who had been suffering from itching and plaque during pregnancy. We diagnosed her case as Tae-eumin Exterior-Cold-Disease by Cold in the Esophagus and treated with Jowiseuncheong-tang and Jiyang-go. Results: She was treated with herbal therapy, and her symptoms were remarkably alleviated. Also after all treatment, there were no adverse effects such as a recurrence of severe itching or fetal problems. Conclusions: This clinical case indicates that Jowiseuncheong-tang is effective in treatment of Tae-eumin Exterior-Cold-Disease by Cold in the Esophagus type of pruritus gravidarum.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.302-307
• /
• 1998

Hemolytic anemia due to cold agglutinin disease is a known complication of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection but is rarely observed, particularly in children. A case of Mycoplasma pneumonia complicated with hemolytic anemia is presented. A 7 year-old girl was adimitted because of fever, cough, sputum and pale appearance. Chest X-ray showed pneumonic consolidation of Rt. upper lobe, lingular division. Laboratory studies disclosed the following values : Hb 5.3g/dL, Hct 11.1%, reticulocyte 2.9%, indirect Coombs test negative, direct Coombs test(monovalent) Anti-C3d positive, Anti-IgG negative, Anti-IgM negative, cold agglutinin titer 1 : 256, mycoplasma antibody titer 1 : 640, total bilirubin 1.0mg/dL. Initial PBS before wanning showed agglutination of red blood cells. The diagnosis of cold agglutinin hemolytic anemia complicating mycoplasma pneumonia was made. And treatment with roxithromycin, prednisolone and avoiding cold exposure was initiated, and complete recovery ensued. We report a case of cold agglutinin hemolytic anemia complicating mycoplasma pneumonia in children.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.65-73
• /
• 2011

Background : This study was to investigate effect of hot and cold water for the hand dexterity. Methods : A total of 37 subjects having hemiplegia(men=6, women=11) and normal(men=10, women=10) were participated in this study. After both hands was soaked in the small tube for 1 minute, we measured 'making dots in circles(BOTMP)', 'lifting small objects(JHFT)', 'disk turning(MMDT)' test. Results : In the case of normal's dominant hand, there were statistically significant differences in all tests after soaked in the hot water but there were statistically significant differences in 'disk turning' test after soaked in the cold water. In the case of hemiplegia's unaffected hand, there were statistically significant differences in 'disk turning' test after soaked in the hot water but there were statistically significant differences in 'making dots in circles', 'disk turning' test after soaked in the cold water. In the case of hemiplegia's affected hand, there were statistically significant differences in 'lifting small objects', 'disk turning' test after soaked in the hot water but there were statistically significant differences in 'making dots in circles', 'disk turning' test after soaked in the cold water. Conclusion : The hot and cold water were affected in the hand dexterity. Especially, in the case of both normal and hemiplegia, there were statistically significant differences in 'disk turning' test after soaked in the cold and hot water. Therefore, We were founded that affected in gross movement than fine movement.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
• /
• v.6 no.5
• /
• pp.445-451
• /
• 2005

Most of the pollutants from passenger cars are emitted during the cold-transient phase of the FTP-75 test. In order to reduce the exhaust emissions during the cold-transient period, it is essential to warm up the catalyst as fast as possible after the engine starts, and the Unburned Exhaust Gas Ignition (UEGI) technology was developed through our previous studies to help close-coupled catalytic converters (CCC) reach the light-off temperature within a few seconds after cold-start. The UEGI system operates by igniting the unburned exhaust mixture by glow plugs installed upstream of the catalyst. The flame generates a high amount of heat, and if the heat is concentrated on a specific area of monolith surface, then thermal crack or failure of the monolith could occur. Therefore, it is very important to monitor the temperature distribution in the CCC during the UEGI operation, so the local temperatures in the monolith were measured using thermocouples. Experimental results showed that the temperature of CCC rises faster with the UEGI technology, and the CCC reaches the light-off temperature earlier than the baseline case. Under the conditions tested, the light-off time of the baseline case was 62 seconds, compared with 33 seconds for the UEGI case. The peak temperature is well under the thermal melting condition, and temperature distribution is not so severe as to consider thermal stress. It is noted that the UEGI technology is an effective method to warm up the catalyst with a small amount of thermal stress during the cold start period.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.12-28
• /
• 2023

Introduction This study reports case series of Soyangin patients with coldness in hands and feet using Sasang constitutional medicine approach. This study suggests a value of using constitutional medicine indicators as both prognostic and diagnostic tools. Methods Among patients who visited an outpatient clinic, 7 patients were selected based on the criteria. These selected patients were exclusively treated with herbal medicine and monitored every 2 to 4 weeks retrospectively. Results The average treatment period was 8 weeks. Patients with a favorable pattern showed the improvement within 8 weeks, while those with an unfavorable pattern required more time. Discussion This study confirms the significance of Sasang constitutional medicine approach in Soyangin exterior cold syndrome with coldness in hands and feet. It also validates the current coldness in hands and feet as meaningful diagnostic indicator of Soyangin exterior cold syndrome. Furthermore, it highlights the value of original symptoms as prognostic tools.

• Herbal Formula Science
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.363-380
• /
• 2018

Objectives : We analyzed the principle of compatibility of socheongnyong-tang and expanded the range of application in clinical practice. Methods : Socheongnyong-tang was analyzed by the compatibility principle through the system of chief, deputy, assistant, and envoy, but the basic formulas of "Discussion of Cold Damage" and "Synopsis of the Golden Chamber" was used. Results : Socheongnyong-tang treats exterior wind-cold and interior water accumulation. Exterior wind-cold is treated mainly by exterior-releasing herbs constituting mahwang-tang and gyeji-tang in "Discussion of Cold Damage", and interior water accumulation is treated mainly by retained fluid-resolving herbs constituting yeonggamomigangsinha-tang, yeonggamomigagangsinbanhahaengin-tang and yeonggamomigagangsinbanhaengdaehwang-tang in "Synopsis of the Golden Chamber". Depending on the weight of exterior wind-cold and interior water accumulation, the disease condition is classified as a case where exterior wind-cold is heavier than interior water accumulation, a case where exterior wind-cold is lighter than interior water accumulation, and a case where it is equivalent. When exterior wind-cold is heavier than interior water accumulation, chief herbs are Ephedrae Herba and Cinnamomi Ramulus of exterior-releasing herbs series and deputy herbs are Zingiberis Rhizoma and Asari Radix et Rhizoma of retained fluid-resolving herbs series. When exterior wind-cold is equal to the disease condition of interior water accumulation, chief herbs are Ephedrae Herba of exterior-releasing herbs series and Zingiberis Rhizoma of retained fluid-resolving herbs series, and deputy herbs are Cinnamomi Ramulus of the exterior-releasing herbs series and Asari Radix et Rhizoma of retained fluid-resolving herbs series. When exterior wind-cold is lighter than interior water accumulation, chief herbs are Zingiberis Rhizoma and Asari Radix et Rhizoma of retained fluid-resolving herbs series and deputy herbs are Ephedrae Herba and Cinnamomi Ramulus of exterior-releasing herbs series. In any case, assistant herbs are Pinelliae Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix alba, and Schisandrae Fructus, and envoy herb is Glycyrrhizae Radix preparata. Conclusions : In conclusion, socheongnyong-tang must differently formulate the system of chief, deputy, assistant, and envoy according to the grade of exterior wind-cold and interior water accumulation. These results suggest that socheongnyong-tang can be applied flexibly when applied in clinical practice to enhance the therapeutic effect.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.112-116
• /
• 2011

Objectives: To inform the clinical features of drug-induced liver injury (DILI), and study traditional Korean medicine (TKM)-based strategies or therapeutics. Methods: A female patient with hepatitis after long term use of medication for cold symptoms was treated with Oriental therapies, after which the clinical outcome was evaluated by serum biochemical parameters and ultrasonography. Results: Clinical and biochemical levels were fluctuating during administration of cold medicine, but the patient completely recovered her health with herbal medicines. Conclusion: This case report would provide information about a typical DILI by western medicine followed by treatment with traditional Korean medicine.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
• /
• v.25 no.12
• /
• pp.1649-1655
• /
• 1988

Thermally growon SiO2 films were thermally nitrided in a hot-wall furnace and in a RF-heated cold-wall reactor and their characteristics were investigated by the AES and the C-V dmeasurements. The Auger depth profile show that 200\ulcornerSiO2 film nitrided at 1200\ulcorner, for 2hrs by the hot-wall process has a nitrogen-rich layer near the SiOxNy-Si interface. However the nitrogen-ri h layer is not observed in the case of cold-wall process. The maximum flat-band voltage for the SiO2 films nitrided by the hot-wall process is higher than by the cold-wall process, and the peak value of flat-band voltage for the hot-wall process appears the longer nitridation time than that for the cold-wall process. The SiOxNy-Si interface shift toward the Si substrate for the case of the hot-wall process is larger than that for the cold-wall process.