• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

To prepare for war against the Qing, King Hyojong and Song Si-Yeol (Uam, 1607~1689) of Joseon compiled the "Sambang", a set of medical books by utilizing the experience of famous doctors from 8 provinces of Korea. After the compilation, the disciples of Uam compiled a book called "Sambang-chwaryo", a summary of the "Sambang". Although these two books have been mentioned several times in records, the actual books were known to be lost. However, a promotional article for "Sambang-chwaryo" in the 1940s edition list of the Haengnim publishing house, who tried to publish but failed, has been discovered, and a handwritten copy of the book from the editor's descendant has been obtained a few years ago. By acquiring this proofread copy, it has become possible to grasp the actual contents of the "Sambang-chwaryo". Moreover, the whole contents have been translated into modern Korean and released to the public. In this paper, we review the bibliographic information of this book and try to understand the purpose, process, author and various versions of the compilation and its history.

• International journal of steel structures
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1607-1616
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• 2018

Quantitatively modeling and propagating all sources of uncertainty stand at the core of seismic fragility assessment of structures. This paper investigates the effects of various sources of uncertainty on seismic responses and seismic fragility estimates of single-layer reticulated domes. Sensitivity analyses are performed to examine the sensitivity of typical seismic responses to uncertainties in structural modeling parameters, and the results suggest that the variability in structural damping, yielding strength, steel ultimate strain, dead load and snow load has significant effects on the seismic responses, and these five parameters should be taken as random variables in the seismic fragility assessment. Based on this, fragility estimates and fragility curves incorporating different levels of uncertainty are obtained on the basis of the results of incremental dynamic analyses on the corresponding set of 40 sample models generated by Latin Hypercube Sampling method. The comparisons of these fragility curves illustrate that, the inclusion of only ground motion uncertainty is inappropriate and inadequate, and the appropriate way is incorporating the variability in the five identified structural modeling parameters as well into the seismic fragility assessment of single-layer reticulated domes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.1595-1607
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to find the reason why the National Mourning Dress System of the Joseon Dynasty had been established although the General Mourning Dress System had exist through research of three things; differences of each social class, changes of the National Mourning Dress System by the age and differences between the National one and the General one. The methodology which is adopted for this study is comparative analysis by social class, period and age from the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty and the Orye-e. And this study is focus on the women's dress. The results of this study is as follows; Firstly, some mourning dress items had been different or not used by class. Secondly, although there had not been a great change, some dress items had been disappeared or used irregularly. And Naemyoungbu Naekwan's mourning dress had been changed by the age. Thirdly, The National one was more extensive in wearing and applied differently by class compare to the General one. Also it had an additional rule according to the period, duty and place to Naemyoungbu-Naekwan and Naemyoungbu-Goongkwan. The National one had been established by ruling class of The Joseon Dynasty who had tried to keep the Confucian standard and perfect social status system. And it is supposed that the National Mourning Dress System had not been a great change because the ruling class' will had not been changed.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1602-1607
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• 2004

3-O-D-galactopyranosylglyceride (GPG; fatty acids R1, R2 = myristic acid 11.62%, palmitic acid 61.90% and oleic acid 26.48%) was isolated from Chrysanthemum coronarium L that has been used for treating renal and cardiovascular diseases as one of vegetables or medicinal drug. However, little was known about the anti-angiogenic activity of GPG. Thus, anti-angiogenic effect of GPG was evaluated in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro and in vivo. GPG effectively inhibited bFGF-induced migration and invasion of HUVECs in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas it did not inhibit bFGF-induced proliferation and capillary-like tube formation of HUVECs. To examine the mechanism of anti-angiogenic activity of GPG, gelatin zymography was carried out. GPG downregulated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, GPG significantly disrupted bFGF-induced neovascularization on the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay in vivo. These results suggest that 3-O--D-galactopyranosylglyceride may inhibit neovascularization by inhibiting angiogenic activity of endothelial cells via regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2).

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1607-1611
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 현재 가뭄을 관측하는데 주로 이용되는 가뭄지수의 단점 등을 보완하고자 가뭄에 관련되는 식생지수를 연계한 공간해상도 높은 가뭄지수를 제시하였다. 우리나라 지상관측을 통해 산출할 수 있는 PDSI(Palmer Drought Severity Index)와 SPI(Standardized Precipitation Index) 같은 가뭄지수는 기온과 강수량 등의 기후자료만을 이용하여 산정할 수 있다. 두 가뭄지수는 관측하기 어려운 가뭄의 시기와 심도를 설명하고자 여러 연구를 통해 개발한 지수이지만, 두 가뭄지수만을 가지고 우리나라 전역의 가뭄의 공간적인 분포를 설명하기에는 다소 무리가 있다. PDSI의 경우 강수량과 기온과 토양의 수분함유량을 가지고 산출하는데, 전 관측지점을 똑같은 토양수분함유량을 가지고 있다는 가정 하에 계산되고, SPI의 경우 강수량만을 이용하여 산정한다. PDSI의 경우 과거의 가뭄의 정도를 판단하는데 매우유용하다고 알려져 있다. 하지만, 현재의 가뭄정도를 나타내는 데는 문제를 가지고 있고, SPI의 경우는 누적강수량을 가지고 시간단위로 계산한다는 점에서 다양한 가뭄의 정도를 예측할 수 있지만, 입력 자료로 강수량만 들어간다는 점에서 약점을 가진다. 이런 기후지수만을 이용한 가뭄정보 생산이 공간정보를 구현하는데 한계를 가지는 문제점을 개선하고자 가뭄에 직간접적으로 관련이 있는 보다 세밀한 공간정보를 가진 식생, 토지이용, 고도 등의 자료와 기후정보로부터 산정된 가뭄지수간의 관계를 분석하였다. 나아가 기존의 기후지수보다 고해상도를 가진 위성의 정규식생지수(NDVI; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)와 같은 식생지수를 이용하여 기존보다 더 향상된 해상도의 가뭄지수를 산정하고자 하였다. 우리나라 지상관측소 76개 지점 중에 MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) 정규식생지수 자료와의 관계를 분석하고자 자료의 보유기간이 짧은 지점과 섬지점 등을 제외한 57개 지점을 선정하고, 연구기간동안의 강수량과 기온자료를 이용하여 PDSI와 SPI를 산출하였다. PDSI와 SPI자료를 고해상도 가뭄지수 산정의 기본 변수로 사용하기 위하여 역거리가중평균법을 이용한 연구기간동안의 한반도 지역 PDSI와 SPI 가뭄지수 지도를 생산하였다. 각각의 가뭄지수와 식생 상태를 나타내는 NDVI와의 상관특성과 계절 변화에 따른 변화특성을 분석하고, CART(Classification and Regression Trees) 알고리즘을 이용하여, 지상 자료만을 사용한 가뭄지수가 가지는 시공간적 변화 특성 제시에 대한 문제점을 개선한 보다 해상도가 높은 조합가뭄지수를 제시하였다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1595-1607
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• 2018

In this paper, a hierarchical control strategy is introduced to control a new three-port multidirectional DC-DC converter for integrating an energy storage system (ESS) to a bipolar DC microgrid (BPDCMG). The proposed converter provides a voltage-balancing function for the BPDCMG and adjusts the states of charge (SoC) of the ESS. Previous studies tend to balance the voltage of the BPDCMG buses with active sources or by transferring power from one bus to another. Furthermore, the batteries available in BPDCMGs were charged equally by both buses. However, this power sharing method does not guarantee efficient operation of the whole system. In order to achieve a higher efficiency and lower energy losses, a triple-layer hierarchical control strategy, including a primary droop controller, a secondary voltage restoration controller and a tertiary optimization controller are proposed. Thanks to the multi-functional operation of the proposed converter, its conversion stages are reduced. Furthermore, the efficiency and weight of the system are both improved. Therefore, this converter has a significant capability to be used in portable BPDCMGs such as electric DC ships. The converter modes are analyzed and small-signal models of the converter are extracted. Comprehensive simulation studies are carried out and a BPDCMG laboratory setup is implemented in order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed converter and its hierarchical control strategy. Simulation and experimental results show that using the proposed converter mitigates voltage imbalances. As a result, the system efficiency is improved by using the hierarchical optimal power flow control.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.349-354
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• 2016

A variety of nuruks collected in different areas in Korea were explored to isolate sixty yeast strains that was able to grow at 44℃. MBY/L1569 strain, which showed the highest growth rate, was selected and identified as Pichia farinosa (Millerozyma farinosa). The isolated strain exhibited superior resistance to heat, acid, and alkali compared with those of P. farinosa KCTC27412 as a control strain. The specific growth rate of P. farinosa MBY/L1569 at 46℃ was 0.37 ± 0.05 h⁻¹, and the highest specific growth rate of 0.50 ± 0.02 h⁻¹ was obtained when it was grown at pH 7.0 and 37℃ with 50 g/l (w/v) glucose as the carbon source. Under optimum growth conditions, strain MBY/L1569 produced ethanol 19.66 ± 0.68 g/l from glucose 50 g/l, with an approximate yield of 40%. P. farinosa MBY/L1569 was deposited at the Korean Collection for Type Cultures as pichia farinosa KCTC27753.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.311-316
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• 2016

This study was designed to develop the functional beverage using Salicornia herbacea L (SH). To evaluate the anti-oxidation and anti-thrombosis activities of SH, the ethanol extracts of leaf (LF), stem (ST) and seed (SD) of SH were prepared. Components analysis showed the total polyphenol of LF > ST > SD, and the total flavonoid of LF > SE > ST, respectively. Amounts of total sugar and reducing sugar of LF and ST were similar, but the SD had only 1/10 of sugar contents of LF. Anti-oxidation activities of each extract determined by calculated RC₅₀ showed LF > SD > ST for DPPH anion, nitrite and reducing power, and LF = SD > ST for ABTS cation scavenging activity, respectively. In anti-coagulation assay, SD showed strong inhibition activity against thrombin and blood coagulation factors. All the extracts had no platelet aggregation activities against human platelet and no hemolysis against human RBC. Our results suggest that the SD from SH has a great potential as a new anti-coagulation agent.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.563-570
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• 2016

Two Streptomyces griseus strains, a wild-type strain and an A-factor-dependent transcriptional activator mutant strain harboring multiple copies of a gene, dasA, that encodes a substrate-binding protein of the ATP-binding cassette transporter, showed severe ectopic sporulation of young substrate hyphae in response to glucose. The effect of dasA overexpression on the ectopic sporulation of Streptomyces strains was evaluated by comparing the transcriptomes of the strain harboring multiple copies of dasA and a strain harboring empty vector. By DNA microarray, 4 genes (SGR794, SGR2469, SGR3656, and SGR3657) and 3 clusters (SGR795-797, SGR2377-2378, and SGR6997-6998) were differentially expressed by more than 2-fold in S. griseus strains harboring dasA. The DNA microarray result was validated by low-resolution S1 nuclease mapping.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.57-66
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• 2017

Aflatoxins are classified as Group 1 (carcinogenic to humans) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In this study, a total of 134 fungal strains were isolated from 65 meju samples, and two fungal isolates were selected as potential aflatoxin $B_1$ ($AFB_1$)-biodetoxification fungi. These fungi were identified as Aspergillus oryzae MAO103 and A. oryzae MAO104 by sequencing the beta-tubulin gene. The two A. oryzae strains were able to degrade more than 90% of $AFB_1$ (initial concentration: $40{\mu}g/l$) in a culture broth in 14 days. The mutagenic effects of $AFB_1$ treated with A. oryzae MAO103 and MAO104 significantly decreased to 5.7% and 6.4%, respectively, in the frame-shift mutation of Ames tests using Salmonella typhimurium TA98. The base-substituting mutagenicity of $AFB_1$ was also decreased by the two fungi. Moreover, $AFB_1$ production by Aspergillus flavus was significantly decreased by the two A. oryzae strains on soybean-based agar plates. Our data suggest that the two $AFB_1$-detoxifying A. oryzae strains have potential application to control $AFB_1$ in foods and feeds.