• Title/Summary/Keyword: (w/o/w) Emulsion

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THE STABILITY OF ALL-TRANS-RETINOL IN NOVEL LIQUID CRYSTALLINE OW EMULSION

  • Kang, H.H.;Cho, J.C.;Lee, J.H.;Lee, O.S.
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.111-115
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    • 1998
  • We investigated the stability of all-trans-retinol on the liquid crystalline O/W emulsion composed of mainly alkyl polyglycerine, alkyl polyglucose and glycerine, and compared the activity of all-trans-retinol in the various forms of liquid crystal. Under certain conditions, novel liquid crystalline gel was formed around oil droplets, and layers of this liquid crystalline gel were very wide and rigid. (SWLC; Super Wide Liquid Crystal) SWLC was very helpful to stabilize retinol in O/W emulsion. After storage at 45 C for 4 weeks, all-trans-retinol in O/W emulsion composed of SWLC retained above 85% of the activity upon HPLC analysis, whereas those within no liquid crystalline emulsion gave 47% and normal liquid crystalline emulsion composed of fatty alcohols gave 40 60%. Retinol in oil phase is nealy insoluble in pure water, but in cosmetic emulsion systems can be slightly solubilized into water because emulsifiers and polyols in emulsion systems function as solubilizers. In this case, water in outer phase acts as a media for oxygen transporation$.$and thus destabilizes retinol. As a result, retinol in O/W emulsion has a tendency to become unstable. SWLC surrounding oil droplet which contains retinol is wide and rigid, therefore reduces contact between inner phase and outer phase To make SWLC, properties of emulsifiers are very important phase transition temperature should be high, and the structure of surfactants should be bulky, and their ratio should be suitable to make rigid and wide liquid crystalline gel layer in order to reduce contact between retinol in inner phase and water in outer phase.

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The Characteristic Control of Spherical Silica Particle Using by W/O Type Emulsion(I);The analysis of Particle shape and size distribution of silica as a function mixing speed (W/O형 에멀젼을 이용한 구형 실리카 입자의 특성제어(제1보);교반속도에 따른 실리카 입자의 형태 및 입도 분석)

  • Park, Heung-Cho;Kim, Sang-Chun
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2006
  • The W/O emulsion was formed by mixing hydrophobic nonion surfactants of span 80 and tween 60 with kerosine, and by adding sodium silicate aqueous solution. Precipitating the W/O emulsion by sodium bicarbonate resulted in spherical silica particles. Shape and size distribution of silica particles were observed. The particles were spherical and they have narrow size distribution. Particle sizes were 9.29, 7.39 and $5.73\;{\mu}m$ at homogenizer speed of 2500, 3000, and 3500 rpm, respectively. The particle size was decreased by increasing agitation speed due to the formation of emulsion droplet. At fixed agitation speed, absorbed paraffin oil weight were measured and the $SiO_2/Na_2O$ mole ratio effects on particle size were investigated. Particle size was decreased by increasing the mole ratio of $SiO_2/Na_2O$.

Moisturizing Effect and Durability of Sun Protection Factor (UVA/B) Activity with Multiple Emulsion (W/O/W) System (멀티플 에멀전(W/O/W) 시스템을 이용한 자외선차단성능(UVA/B)의 내수성과 보습효과)

  • Lee, Myoung-Hee;Kim, In-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.339-347
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    • 2015
  • This study is to evaluate moisturizing effect and durability of UV A/B blocking activity with multiple (W/O/W) emulsion system. Most of the sun protective products come to be hot issue having both high SPF and long-lasting activity as using special products when is going out, mountain climbing and sports. Also, many consumers prefer the products which have the excellent waterproofing activity of sun care cosmetics as well as the non-sticky feeling that carried out the study of the sensorial science and texture preference. Therefore, development of the specific formulation using this multiple (W/O/W) emulsion technology, it has O/W type hydro skin feel having soft and moist texture when it is treated on the skin. Finally, this formulation is instantly changed to W/O type feel after adsorbed into the skin. The purpose of this study is to get high SPF lasting effect having high water resistance tactivity with high functional multiple (W/O/W) emulsion cream. We used major ingredients, UV-B absorbers were selected with ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate, isoamyl-p-methoxycinnamate, ethylhexylsalicylate, and octocrylene, UV-A absorbers were selected with butylmethoxydibenzoylmethane, bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxy phenyltriazine. SPF effect of O/W type cream was 34.1. SPF effect of W/O/W type cream was 40.6 (increased about 19%). Water resistance effect after 4 hours, SPF effect of O/W type cream was 3.6 (quickly drop down). SPF effect of W/O/W type cream having 81.0 % waterproofing effect was 32.7 (decreased about SPF 7.9). Moisturizing effect of O/W cream at first was superior comparing multiple emulsion. But after 3 hours quickly was drop-down. Moisturizing effect of multiple emulsion was high comparing O/W type and other sun block creams after 4 hours was constantly maintaining water-content.

STUDY ON THE STABILITY OF O/W AND MLV EMULSION CONTAINING DIHYDROXYACETONE

  • Joo, Yong-Joon;Han, Yeoung-Jun;Joo, Yong-Ho;Jeon, Young-Hwan
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.123-128
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    • 1998
  • Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) has been used as a self tanning agent and many emulsion formulations containing DHA have been studied. In an emulsion, many factors which have negative effect on DHP and the resultant DHA decomposition can destabilize the emulsion base. In this study, two kinds of emulsion with 5% DHA were prepared, O/W type emulsion and Multilamellavesicle (MLV) type emulsion to compare the stabilization effects of both emulsions on the DHA. The OHA concentration was analyzed quantitatively by high performance liquid Chromatography (HPLC), also the pH and viscosity of both emulsions were measured for stability. This process was carried out over 4 months. For HPLC, a bondaclone $C_{18}$ column with a mobile phase of distilled water and UV detector were used. The results of these experiment showed that DHA is more stable in an MLV emulsion than it is in an O/W type emulsion.

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THE STUDY ON STABLE EMULSION SYSTEM AND SELECTIVE ADDITION OF ACTIVE INGREDIENT IN W/O/W ONE STEP MULTIPLE EMULSION

  • Kim, Se-gie;Park, Hee-nam;Kim, Tae-kyoo
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.96-104
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    • 1998
  • It was possible to produce W/O/W one step multiple emulsion on the system which satisfied following conditions. 1. 1-5% of hydrophilic liquid surfactant over HLB20 and lipophilic liquid surfactant which has HLB 3∼5 2. Non wax copolymers as oil thickener 3. More than 0.5% of carbomer as aqueous thickener 4. The manufacturing process which neutralize the dispersed carbomer (2.0% in water), after emulsifying. For the selective addition into inner and outer aqueous phase, we melted the glucose in water before emulsifying. Using an Anthrone analysis method, we analyzed the encapsulation yield of glucose in inner water phase. It was possible to raise the water encapsulation yield of the multiple emulsion through the following conditions. 1. Using of anionic hydrophilic surfactant(HLB 40) and lipophilic surfactant (HLB 3∼5) 2. Controlling the ratio of hydrophilic surfactant and lipophilic surfactant 3. Strengthening interface with increase of non wax oil thickener. When the separated adding process of glucose was adopted, approximately 85% of glucose was added selectively within inner aqueous phase.

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A Study on the Emulsifying Stability of W/O Type Sunscreen Cream by the Hansen Solubility Parameter (Hansen Solubility Parameter 를 통한 W/O 형 자외선차단 제형의 유화 안정성에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Dong Hee;Lee, Jin Jae
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.47 no.4
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    • pp.273-280
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    • 2021
  • The water resistance is important factor for sunscreen formulations. Generally a sunscreen cream was formulated by a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion. In the W/O emulsion system, silicone oils are added to improve the texture of formulations. Silicone oils have low compatibility with organic sunscreen agent, causing problems with the stability in emulsion. In this study, the compatibility between various oils in the W/O emulsion was derived numerically using Hansen solubility parameter (HSP) at first. HSP is represented a dispersion degree, a polarity, and a hydrgen bond in a composition. In this study, various emulsions were prepared according to the types of oils with different HSP values and then monitored by a viscosity and morphology according to the time and temperature. The HSP values of components and the experimental results have similar activities for the stability of emulsions. HSP made it easy to select oil with high compatibility. When the compatibility of the oil phase in the W/O emulsion was high, the viscosity change over time was small. The stability was improved under the freeze-thaw cycle (-15 ℃ ~ 45 ℃). In the future, if the composition of the ingredients is optimized through HSP, it is expected that it will be helpful in the development of W/O type sunscreen formulations that are excellent in use and stability.

An Experimental study on the Characteristics of the Emulsion Lubrication (이멀션윤활특성에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • 이종순;이봉구;정재련;지창헌
    • Tribology and Lubricants
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.12-19
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    • 1986
  • Using emulsion lubricant whose cooling effect and incombustibility are good and which is economical, I investigated lubricative mechanism and the behavior of scattered particles in the elastic fluid lubrication region with the line contact between rollers and plates and the light interference system. The results of the study are as follows: (1) The flow in the squeeze oil film is considered as comparatively wide clearance and narrow one, and in the former case the effect of the distribution of particles and the velocity on the flow. In the latter case, emulsion particles stay in the clearance an the oil film changes with the decrease of the oil film thickness. (2) In the wide clearance the velocity difference of the flow O/W or W/O emulsion is inverse proportional to the particle size. In the narrow clearance the distribution of the remained drops is different from one another and the scattered particles change more easily in O/W type than in W/O type. (3) At the beginning of the EHL the stagnation region with slow flowing velocity exists and the behavior at the region is different depending on the particle size. (4) By observing the dischromatic light interference line, emulsion oil passing through EHL region and the crack behavior at the beginning of EHL were found.

Preparation and Characterization of Monodispersed Zinc Oxide Fine Particles in Emulsions (에멀젼을 이용한 단분산 미세 산화아연 입자의 제조 및 특성)

  • Ju, Chang Sik;Ku, Jun Pyo
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.9 no.6
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    • pp.846-851
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    • 1998
  • An experimental research on the preparation of zinc oxide fine particles in w/o emulsions was conducted. Precipitation solutions were zinc nitrate aqueous solutions with hexamethylenetetramine(HMTA) as precipitant. The precipitation solutions formed stable w/o emulsions with kerosine in the presence of Span 80. Homogeneous precipitation reaction occurred in the w/o emulsion after the resultant w/o emulsion was heated above the decomposition temperature of HMTA and zinc oxide particles were precipitated. In some case, zinc oxide particles of bi-modal distribution were obtained. However, zinc oxide fine particles of narrow particle size distribution could be obtained, even when the initial zinc concentration of precipitation solution and the conversion to zinc oxide are both higher that those in bulk homogeneous precipitation.

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Relationship between Emulsion Stability Index and HLB Value of Emulsifier in the Analysis of W/O Emulsion Stability (W/O형 유화계의 유화안정성 분석에 있어서의 유화안정지수와 HLB값과의 관계 규명)

  • Chang, Pahn Shick;Shin, Myung Gon;Lee, Won Myo
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.237-243
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    • 1994
  • The stability of W/O emulsions (milk fat : water=4 : 1, w/w) containing various emulsifiers was compared to determine the effect of different chemical types of emulsifiers in relation to the change of HLB value caused by emulsifier type and the influence of single vs. binary emulsifier systems. These variables were compared at emulsifier HLB values of 0.5~16.7 and at emulsifier concentrations of 1.0~3.0%(w/w). Eleven emulsifiers used as 11 different single mixtures and 16 different binary mixtures were evaluated in W/O type emulsion systems containing 20.0%(w/w) of water in milk fat. This W/O emulsion was stable (more than 90.0 of ESI value) in the range of low value of emulsifier HLB (less than 4.7 of HLB value). All the ESI values of binary emulsifier systems were higher than those of single emulsifier systems. But, the influence pattern of emulsifier HLB on this emulsion stability in single emulsifier systems was very similar to the trend in binary emulsifier systems.

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Effect of Polyphenolic Compounds from Green Tea Leaves on Production of Hydroperoxide for Lipid Oxidation in Corn Oil-in-Water Emulsion (녹차 페놀류가 corn oil-in-water emulsion의 산화 중 hydroperoxide 생성에 미치는 영향)

  • Cho, Young-Je;Kim, Byung-Gyu;Chun, Sung-Sook
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.36 no.1
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    • pp.19-24
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    • 2004
  • Effect of polyphenolic compounds from green tea leaves and surfactant micelles on lipid oxidation in corn oil-in-water emulsion (O/W) wag determined. Concentrations of polyphenolic compound and surfactant in continuous phase of O/W were measured. Particle size of O/W with 17 mM Brij 700 and 5% corn oil increased with increasing concentration of polyphenolic compound (100-200 ppm). Concentration of surfactant in the continuous phase was lower than that of control. Lipid oxidation rates, as determined by the formation of lipid hydroperoxides and headspace hexanal, in O/W emulsions containing polyphenolic compounds decreased with increasing concentration of polyphenolic compounds (100-200 ppm). Inhibition of hydroperoxide and headspace hexanal produced via lipid oxidation by polyphenolic compounds in O/W was BHT>procyanidin B3-3-O-gallate>(+)-gallocatechin >(+)-catechin.