• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.99-111
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• 2021

The connected farm that agricultural land, agricultural machinery and farmer are connected with an IoT gateway is in the commercialization stage. That has increased productivity, efficiency and profitability by intimate information exchange among those. In order to develop the educational program of intelligent agricultural machinery and the agricultural machinery safety education performance indicator, this study analyzed patent trends of agricultural machine with unmanned technology used in agriculture and efficiency technology applied advanced technologies such as ICT, robots and artificial intelligence. We investigated and analyzed patent trends in agricultural machinery of Korea, the USA and Japan as well as the countries in Europe. The United States is an advanced country in the field of unmanned technology and efficiency technology used in agriculture. Agricultural automation technology in Korea is insufficient compared to developed countries, which means rapid technological development is needed. In the sub-fields of field automation technology, path generation and following technology and working machine control technology through environmental awareness have activated.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.215-218
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• 2003

오늘날 인터넷의 광범위한 보급은 이제 유선을 넘어 무선 이동통신 기술로의 급발전을 가져오게되었고, 실생활에 있어서도 무선단말기를 통한 인터넷 상에서의 정보검색이 시간과 장소에 구애받지 않고 가능하게 되었다. 그러나 무선인터넷의 성장세는 무선 단말기가 가진 자체의 제한과 무선망의 제한으로 인해, 광범위한 보급과 활용만큼 성장이 급속화 되어지지는 못하다. 이러한 무선인터넷의 성장을 가로막는 요인들은 컨텐츠의 부족, 접속시간의 지연, 애플리케이션 미비, 무선인터넷 단말기의 보급지연, 완벽한 보완의 미흡등이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 제한요인중에서 기존의 유선통신에서 사용되어지는 HTML로 구성된 웹페이지를 무선에서도 보다 효율적으로 이용할 수 있는 방법에 관해 제시함으로서 모바일 컨텐츠 개발의 생산성을 향상시키고 개발기간 및 비용을 단축할 수 있는 웹탐색 변환방법을 시도한다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.109 no.1
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• pp.72-80
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• 2020

Two strategies for calculating economic feasibility are the machine rate and cash-flow methods. This study used the cash-flow method to evaluate the economic feasibility of the HAM300 yarding operation for extracting tree length logs in Larix kaempferi forest stands. In financial analysis based on 7-year cash-flow, the net present value and pay-back period method were used. We analyzed two scenarios: operating opportunities (50, 100, 150, and 200 days per year) and productivity change yield (7.5 and 10.5 ㎥/scheduled machine hour: SMH). The analysis indicated that high rates of return on extraction activity investment can be achieved when machines are used for >150 days per year. In addition, improved productivity (10.5 ㎥/SMH) increased financial feasibility compared to current productivity (7.5 ㎥/SMH) when machines were operated for 100 days per year. These results suggest that the appropriateness of HAM300 harvesting depends on the number of annual operating days and productivity.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.298-304
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify evaluation factors and analyze the relative importance among factors to select a suitable transportation method for transferring the increasing amount of transshipment at multiple terminals at the Busan new port. To accomplish this, the evaluation factors were selected through a literature survey and brainstorming of a group of experts associated with the port operation, and were classified into five major factors and 15 middle factors. The evaluation factors classified hierarchically were surveyed relative to workers in organizations such as shipping companies, port corporations, container terminals, and related ministries. The importance of each factor was calculated using the hierarchical analysis process (AHP). As a result of the importance analysis, priority was assigned in order of safety, productivity, investment efficiency, operational efficiency, and policy conformity. Through this, it was necessary to select a suitable transportation method for the transshipment cargo in terminals while focusing on the cargo and terminal security and preventing accidents. As a result of calculating from six ITT transportation candidates, the priority was determined in order of monorail, Autocon, and so on as ITT transportation suitable for the Busan new port..

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.165-170
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• 2005

This experiment was conducted to compare the influences of dietary dried persimmon by-product(DPB) on performance, blood cholesterol and fatty acid composition in broiler chicks. Diets contained 21.5 and $19\%$ CP for the starting and finishing period, respectively. The ME was 3,100kcal/kg in diets for both starter and finisher diets. One hundred sixty chicks were assigned to 4 treatments with 4 replicates at different levels of dried persimmon by-product. Treatments were consisted of 0(control), 1(T1), 3(T2) and $5\%$ (T3) DPB. Body weight gain was higher in treatment groups fed the starter diet but was the lowest in T3 for finishing period. Feed efficiency was not significantly different. In proximate composition, crude fat of chicken meat were increased in diets by addition of DPB than control, but moisture and crude ash was no significantly different. The total cholesterol, HDL, and triglyceride of treatment groups was higher than control. The LDL of control was higher than treatment groups. In fatty acid composition, oleic acid contents of treatment groups were higher than control, whereas stearic, linoleic acid contents lower in meat composition than control. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of DPB at $3\%$ level tended to improve growth performance of broiler chicks.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.287-294
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• 2007

Current study was conducted to identify the effects of dietary supplementation of Aspergillus oryzae ferments (AOF) cultured under normal (NAOF) or nitrogen-deficient (NMAOF) environment on feed efficiency, nutrient digestibility for broiler chicks. Fecal microbes and ammonia gas production were also determined. A total of 168 male Avian chicks, 2-wk-old, were randomly assigned into 56 cages, three chicks per cage. There were seven treatments (Control, NAOF 0.05, 0.1, 0.5%, NMAOF 0.05, 0.1, 0.5%), with 8 replicates (cages) per treatment. There was no significant difference in nutrient digestibility between two AOF groups, but the digestibility was greatly(p<0.05) improved by AOF supplementation. Total microbial account significantly (p<0.05) differed between the treatment groups with the highest number for NNAOF, followed by NAOF and control. In the case of Escherichia coli and Salmonella, the AOF supplementation significantly (p<0.05) reduced their numbers in feces, with a particular reduction in NNAOF group. Levels of ammonia gas generation were in order of control>NAOP>NNAOP. The current data implied that AOF supplementation, particularly grown under nitrogen-deficient environment, would be a feasible way to improve feed efficiency for broiler production, as well as to reduce environmental cost. However, further studies remain for industrial application.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 1987

This experiment was conducted to study the most economical and effective dietary protein level and feeding regimes in the performance of broilers. Four kinds of dietary protein level (25, 23, 20 and 18%) were prepared for this experiment. This experiment was carried on for 7 weeks and the results were shown as follows; 1. Increasing the dietary protein level resulted in a significant increase in the body weight gains (P〈0.05). 2. With a higher level of the dietary protein, the feed intake tended to be increased and the feed efficiency had same trends. 3. Increasing the dietary protein level resulted in a significant increase in the protein requirement per kg body weight gains (P〈0.05). 4. Viabilities were not affected by the different dietary protein levels. 5. The highest income had attained in the highest level of protein supplement, and the middle level of protein supplement was not higher than the lowest one. Conclusively, the highest level of protein supplement was considered to be adequate for the broiler's productiveity and income.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.7-8
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• 2020

지속가능한 국가 발전을 위한 물관리 정책은 항상 국정 과제의 중심에 있다. 물관리는 수재해예방, 양질의 안정된 물이용, 충분한 식량생산, 수생태계와 물환경의 보호, 효과적 재정투자 등과 같이 다양한 분야에 계층적이면서도 상호연계성 있는 전문성을 요구한다. 동시에 물관리의 효과와 편익은 경제활동의 기반이 되고 환경보전의 원천이므로 정책의 수요는 정부뿐만 아니라 국민과 더불어 자연으로부터 기인한다. 특히 기후변화의 불확실성 또는 감염병 대발생과 국가적 위기에도 지속가능한 국가 발전을 이행하기 위해서는 시의성 있고 유효한 물관리 정책은 필수이다. 그동안 우리나라 물관리 정책의 세분화 또는 파편화는 물관리 전문성 강화의 효과보다는 비효율성의 결과를 더 크게 생산해 왔었다. 특히 부족한 협력과 조정은 과잉·중복 투자, 비일관적 정책, 비효율적 성과라는 왜곡된 통합물관리 정책 순환이 반복되게 하였다. 최근 정부는 국토교통부의 하천수량(홍수 포함) 및 광역상수도 관리 기능을 환경부로 이관하는 물관리일원화를 추진하여 통합물관리의 발판을 마련하는 계기를 달성하였다. 하지만 비록 정부조직법 개정과 물관리기본법 제정으로 통합물관리 정책의 틀은 마련되었으나, 국토교통부가 하천법 상의 일부 사무를 담당하므로서 하천관리 정책의 복잡성과 다원화는 높아졌다. 따라서 하천의 이용 및 관리에 관한 만족도, 관리주체, 미래상, 물관리일원화 후 정책수요, 기후변화에 관한 인식, 하천관리 참여 의향 등을 조사하는 연구는 시급한 실정이며 향후 하천기본계획, 생태하천복원사업, 소하천정비사업 등과 같은 재정사업의 추진 방향에도 매우 중요한 주제라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 현재와 미래 하천의 이용 및 관리, 그리고 정책방향에 대하여 일반 시민(4,500명)과 전문가(168명) 대상의 설문조사를 실시하였으며 인식의 공통점과 차이를 비교분석하였다. 설문조사의 내용은 3가지 부문(하천이용, 하천관리, 하천정책)으로 구분하여 각 부문별로 세부문항으로 구성하였다. 일반 시민과 전문가 간의 인식조사 비교 결과, 공통적으로 시민과 전문가는 하천의 바람직한 미래상으로 '깨끗한 수질의 하천'을 가장 높게 선호하였다. 하천관리 우선순위를 묻는 질문에 대한 시민과 전문가의 응답도 대하천, 도랑이나 개울, 중하천, 소하천 순으로 동일하였지만, 1순위와 2순위의 격차는 시민(26.1%)보다 전문가(1.2%)가 낮았다. 또한 시민과 전문가는 하천관리의 주체로 '물전문기관'을 가장 높게 선호하였지만, 전문가는 '물전문기관' 다음으로 중앙부처(20.2%)를 선호하였지만, 시민은 중앙부처(6.8%)를 가장 선호하지 않는 하천관리 주체로 응답하여 두 집단 간의 큰 인식의 차이를 알 수 있었다. 물관리일원화 후 보다 큰 관심을 가져야할 정책으로는 '건강하고 깨끗한 수질'을 시민(38.9%)과 전문가(47.0%)는 1순위로 선택하였으나, 2순위는 시민은 '생태서식공간'(11.6%)을 전문가는 '안정적 수량확보'(20.2%)를 선택하여 두 집단의 인식 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.5D
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• pp.513-522
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• 2010

Underground construction for traffic networks, complexes, and storage facilities has risen as an effective land use plan for dealing with emerging problems such as overcrowded urban cities and traffic jams. This paper performed an economic feasibility analysis of the development of the integrated field management system which provides field workers and managers with 3D-based location tracking and clear communication during underground construction works. To conduct the analysis, processes and problems of field management for underground construction were analyzed and deduction in accidents and field management costs and productivity improvement were estimated as expected benefits. Based on computed benefits and costs, an economic analysis was conducted using Benefit/Cost ratio(B/C), Net Present Value(NPV), and Internal Rate of Return(IRR) and then sensitivity analysis was performed to cope with the uncertainty of assumed variables.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.193-202
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the type and application level of swine manure on herbage productivity, efficiency of nitrogen utilization and environmental pollution by the leaching of nitrogen compounds in mixed grassland. The field experiment was carried out on established grassland sward growing on silt clay loam soil. Main plots were the types of swine manure, such as swine manure fermented with sawdust(SMFWS), swine manure fermented without sawdust(SMF) and swine slurry(SS), and mineral fertilizer(Urea). Subplots were the application levels of swine manure, such as 100, 200 and 400 kgN/ha, The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. Herbage productivity, nutritive value and nitrogen yields were the highest with mineral fertilizer and followed by swine slurry(SS), and the lowest with swine manure fermented with sawdust(SMFS). As compared with dry matter(DM) yield by application of mineral fertilizer(100%), the DM percents of SMFWS, SMFS and SS were 90.6, 80,9 and 76.8%, respectively. 2. Organic matter(OM) contents of the soil were increased by the applications of swine manure. OM contents were the high set with SMFS and the lowest with mineral fertilizer. 3. The amounts of nitrate leaching by types and application levels of swine manure were the highest in the end of Aug. and early of Sep. during the seasons and ranged from 10 to 25ppm.