• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.206-212
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• 2021

This study aimed to maximize the efficacy of Angelica gigas by finding a more effective way to extract active compounds from Angelica gigas. After extracting Angelica gigas by hydrothermal, ethanol, and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction methods, analysis of decursin and decursinol angelate content, quantification of total polyphenol content, and evaluation of efficacy of antioxidant, whitening, and antibacterial were conducted. The content of decursin and decursinol angelate was very high at 38.65% of the supercritical carbon dioxide extract, and the total polyphenol content was high in the order of hydrothermal extract, ethanol extract and supercritical carbon dioxide extract, but the difference was relatively small. The antioxidant effects were consistent with the total polyphenol content, and the antibacterial effects were consistent with the decursin and decursinol angelate content. In other words, through this study, we found that the optimal method for extracting active compounds from Angelica gigas is the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.307-309
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• 2012

(S)-(+)-3(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-acrylic acid 2,2-dimethyl-8-oxo3,4-dihydro-2H,8H-pyrano[3,2-g]Chromen-3-yl-ester (Compound 6, C6) is synthesized from (S)-(+)-decursin and attenuates the pathophysiologic progression of asthma in a ovalbumin-induced asthmatic mouse model. In the present study, we examined the effect of C6 on spontaneous apoptosis of eosinophils and neutrophils of normal and asthmatic subjects. C6 increased the apoptosis of asthmatic eosinophils in a dose-dependent manner, but it inhibited neutrophil apoptosis. C6 has no effect on apoptosis of normal eosinophils and neutrophils. LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K, rottlerin, an inhibitor of $PKC{\delta}$, Ro-31-8425, an inhibitor of classical PKC inhibitor, PD98059, an inhibitor of MEK, and BAY 11-7085, an inhibitor of NF-${\kappa}B$, blocked the inhibitory effect on apoptosis of asthmatic neutrophils due to C6. These results indicate that C6 may be valuable as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of asthma.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.1569-1572
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• 2009

The pharmacokinetics of decursin and decursinol angelate (D/DA) were investigated in male SD rats following oral and intravenous administration. D/DA and metabolites obtained from in vitro samples were evaluated by LC/MS. The levels of D/DA and metabolized decursinol in the blood following oral and intravenous administrations declined according to first-order kinetics, with $T_{1/2}$ values of 56.67, 58.01, and 57.22 h, respectively, being observed after administration of a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight. The large intestine was the major site of disposition following oral administration. These data indicate that D/DA is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. In in vitro experiment utilizing liver microsomal protein, the major metabolic reaction of D/DA occurred to change decursinol. The cumulative biliary, urinary, and fecal excretions of D/DA in bile duct-cannulated rats was $36.10{\pm}2.9%$, $25.35{\pm}3.8%$, and $34.20{\pm}3.2%$, respectively, at 72 h after administration. These results indicate that the absorption of D/DA is almost complete, and that its metabolites are primarily excreted into feces through the bile. These results indicate that D/DA is subject to enterohepatic circulation.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.221-228
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• 2020

Background: Angelica gigas Nakai, that belong to the Umbelliferae family, is one of the traditional medicinal plants in Korea. Its roots have been used to treat gynecological diseases. In this study, growth characteristics and index components were compared with the forest microclimate at several forest sites. Methods and Results: A. gigas was planted in three climatic zones according to the temperature (southern temperature zone - Hamyang, central temperature zone - Bonghwa, and northern temperature zone - Jeongseon) and growth characteristics were investigated in comparison with the forest microclimate. Our results indicated that the root diameter and length, and fresh and dry weight were the highest in Jeongseon. The total content of decursin was the highest in Jeongseon (9.52%), followed by those in Hamyang (8.07%) and Bonghwa (7.48%), respectively. Additionally, the yield of decursin (1.39 g) was the highest in Jeongseon. Conclusions: The yield and index components were influenced by the microclimate in the forests, and it was assumed that high altitude and low temperature affected the increase in growth and index components. These results will be useful as basic data to study the correlation among environmental conditions, growth, and index components.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 2009

In this study, we assessed the acute and subacute toxicity of Angelica gigas Nakai (A. gigas Nakai) extracts, which are comprised of decursin and decursinol angelate (D/DA) in rats. For the oral acute toxicity test, Sprague-Dawley (SD) male and female rats were gavaged with two doses of D/DA (200 and 2,000 mg/kg body weight) and then observed for any toxic symptoms for 2 weeks. The LD$_{50}$ value for the rats was greater than 2,000 mg/kg body weight for both male and female rats, which indicates that there were no toxic symptoms induced by doses of up to 2,000 mg/kg body weight. For the subacute toxicity study, rats were treated with D/DA at doses of 2 and 20 mg/kg body weight once a day for 30 days. There were no significant changes in body weight and food intake observed during the subacute toxicity study. In addition, no differences were observed between the control and treated groups when urinalysis was conducted or when hematology and biochemical parameters were evaluated. Finally, histopathological examination of the organs did not reveal any lesions in the control or treated groups. Taken together, these findings indicate that D/DA is safe and non-toxic.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.227-232
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• 2018

Background: Angelica gigas Nakai is a perennial herb belonging to the family Umbelliferae. Its roots are utilized in traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to increase the yield of and the content of two indicator components (decursin and decursinol angelate) in A. gigas Nakai. Methods and Results: The roots of A. gigas Nakai were harvested 4-times from late August to late October in 2017. Two agents (trace element-TE, and plant hormone-HM) were applied 4 times at intervals of 2 weeks. The content of the two indicator components were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The HM treatment showed the greatest increase in underground part yield and root diameter. The content of the two indicator components in the control (non-treatment) group was the highest in the underground part, but was higher in the aerial parts in the agent treatment group. After treatment with the agents, the content of the indicator components tended to decrease in the underground part. However, the total content of the indicator components in the two agent treatment groups exceeded the level of 6% set by the Korean Pharmacopoeia. Conclusions: The highest underground part yield was found in the HM treatment group, while the highest content of decursin and decursinol angelate were found in the control group. This study provides basic information for yield improvement in A. gigas.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.765-772
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of decursin (D) and decursinol angelate (DA) against bisphenol A (BPA) toxicity in a rat two-generation study. Adult rats were divided into the following three groups: (1) control, (2) BPA, and (3) BPA+D/DA. The D and DA treatment of F0 parents increased the terminal body weight and relative adult organ weights (testes, kidneys, spleen, and liver) when compared with the BPA group. A significant decrease in sperm count was found in the BPA+D/DA (7.69%) and BPA (64.70%, p<0.01) groups, when compared with the sperm count in the control group. No offspring were obtained in the F1 generation of the BPA (50 mg/kg/day) group, but the addition of D/DA in the BPA+D/DA group significantly restored fertility (55.78%) and gestation indices (98.87%) in the F1 generation. No significant differences were found in the fertility index between the control (75.02%) and the BPA+D/DA (78.11%) groups in the two-generation study, when compared with the one-generation study. The viability ratio during lactation in the D/DA group was also similar to that of the control group. These data indicate that D/DA (50 mg/kg/day) administered over two generations causes significant positive changes in reproductive or developmental parameters.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.448-456
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• 2019

Angelica gigas Nakai (Korean danggui), a member of the Umbelliferae family, is a Korean traditional medicinal plant whose roots have been used for treating gynecological diseases. In this study, the growth characteristics and decursin contents of Angelica gigas Nakai were compared according to the difference of cultivation area. As a result, the root diameter of A. gigas Nakai was the highest in the Duil-ri, and the number of the root of A. gigas was the highest in Topdong-ri. The fresh weight and dry weight of Angelica gigas Nakai was the highest in the Topdong-ri. The soil properties of cultivation area was Sandy Clay Loam and the content of organic matter was the highest in Topdong-ri. The total content of decursin was 5.31% the highest in Duil-ri. And 4.96% in Namhoeryong-ri, 4.41% in Kosun-ri, 4.25% in topdon-ri, 3.96% in Gugok-ri, and 3.64% in Gongjeon-ri was accumulated.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.1004-1009
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• 2021

Angelica gigas Nakai (AGN) has been used in Korean herbal medicine for various pharmacological activities, such as to create antioxidant and skin whitening effects. Decursin and decursinol angelate of AGN extracts can be used as potential active drugs and cosmetic ingredients. This study investigated the possibility of topical delivery of AGN extracts using a manufactured emulsion system. Lotion was formulated by using Tefose^® and paraffin for the oil phase, Kolliphor RH 40 for the surfactant and solubilizing agent-which showed high solubility in water (0.82 mg/ml)-and a water phase with a carbomer. In vitro skin permeation of decursin and decursinol angelate was determined using a Strat-M^® membrane in Franz diffusion cells. Lotion samples as the experimental group (248.08±19.72 ug/cm²) significantly increased the permeation of decursin and decursinol angelate for up to 24 hr compared to the control group (119.18±19.23 ug/cm²). The permeability was also characterized by the flux (penetration rates) and Kp (permeability coefficient) values. The experimental group (17.20±1.23 ug/h/cm² and 5.73±1.39 cm/h^*10^-3) had higher flux and Kp than the control group (8.22±1.24 ug/h/cm² and 2.74±0.51 cm/h^*10^-3). Lotion with decursin and decursinol angelate of AGN extracts could be used for the topical application of drug and cosmetic products.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.42-48
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• 2016

Angelica gigas, belonging family Apiaceae, is a perennial and famous medical plant growing in Korea, Japan, and China. The aims of this study was to analyze the growth and accumulated Decursin and its precursor Decursinol angelate of A.gigas grown under fluorescent lamp and LED. A. gigas 'Manchu' were sowed and managed for seedlings stage in a glass house for 4 weeks. One hundred twenty seedlings with 3 true leafs were transplanted at an ebb & flow system with fluorescent lamp and LED [red: peak wavelength 660nm, blue: peak wavelength 455 nm, white = 3:2:4 ratio] irradiated at $180{\pm}7{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ at the top of plant canopy for 5 weeks. The number of leaves increased by 13.5% in the LED treatment, though it is not statistically significant. Leaf length/width ratio of A. gigas grown under the fluorescent lamps was 24% bigger than the LED treatment and also the stem was 13% larger. Maximum root length was similar to both groups. Fresh weight and dry weight of shoots grown under the LED increased by 50% and 42% and the both weights of roots increased by 125% and 45%, respectively. The contents of Decursin and Decursinol angelate grown under the florescent lamps were larger than LED by 188% and 27% in shoot and 78% and 8% in root. The contents of Decursin and Decursinol angelate per plant grown under LED and florescent lamps were 132mg and 122mg. In conclusion, functional materials in A. gigas were increased by florescent light and its growth was promoted by LEDs light.