• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.291-296
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• 1997

The studies were carried out to evaluate the constituents in the aerial part of Isodon excisus var. coreanus (Labiatae). From the aqueous fraction of methanol extract, compound I (${\alpha}$-[[3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]oxy]-3,4-dihydroxy-benzenepropanoic acid), compound II (9-methyl-dihydroferulic acid-4-O-.betha.-D-glucopyranosyl $(1{\rightarrow}2)$-${\alpha}$-L- rhamnopyranosyl (1.rarw.4)-.betha.-D-glucopyranoside), compound III (ent-7.alpha., 11${\alpha}$,15.betha.-trihydroxy-kaur-16-en-1-O-.betha.-D-glucopyranoside) and compound IV ($2{\alpha}$,3${\beta}$,$7{\alpha}$,23-tetrahydroxy-olean-12 -en-28-oic acid 28-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside) were isolated and identified on the basis of their physicochemical and spectroscopic evidences[IR, FAB(-)MS,$^{1}H-NMR,$$^{13}C-NMR,$$ HMQC$$^{1}H-^{1}H $COSY and HMBC (Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Connectivity)]. Especially, New compounds II and III were named Isodonin A and Isodonin B respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.83-87
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• 2006

The leaves of Paulownia coreana Uyeki were extracted with acetone-$H_2O$ (7:3, v/v), concentrated under reduced pressure and fractionated successively with n-hexane, methylene chloride and ethyl acetate, leaving residual water soluble fraction. A portion of the resulting aqueous soluble powder was chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 column using aqueous methanol and ethanol-hexane as washing solvents. Three apigenin derivatives were isolated and identified as apigenin-7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucpyranoside, apigenin-7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucuronopyranoside and apigenin-7-O-[${\beta}$-D-glucuronopyranosyl($1{\rightarrow}2$)-O-${\beta}$-D-glucuronopyranoside] by spectroscopic methods including NMR and FAB-MS.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 2016

This experiment was conducted to identify the variations in inorganic nutrients and plant growth in millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) due to soil salinity. The soil series was Munpo and soil texture was silt loam. The experimental soil was amended so that the soil had salinities of $0.8dS\;m^{-1}$, $1.6dS\;m^{-1}$, $3.2dS\;m^{-1}$ and $4.8dS\;m^{-1}$. Millet was transplanted 15 days after sowing. As soil salinity increased, the degree of reduced growth was in the order of seed production > root dry matter > plant dry matter > culm length > tiller number > stem thickness > Panicle length. Seed production was decreased to 18.9% in soil salinity of $1.6dS\;m^{-1}$, 36.9% in of $3.2dS\;m^{-1}$, and 50.7% in EC of $4.8dS\;m^{-1}$. Root dry matter decreased to 35.8% in EC of $3.2dS\;m^{-1}$, and to 40.5% in EC of $4.8dS\;m^{-1}$. As soil salinity increased, Total nitrogen content increased in all aboveground parts, roots and seeds. However, There was no difference in CaO, $P_2O_5$, $K_2O$ and, MgO in soils of different salinity. On the other hand, $Na_2O$ content was higher in the order roots> shoots> seed, and in the case of roots, $Na_2O$ content increased to 1.02% in soil salinity of $4.8dS\;m^{-1}$. However, up to soil salinity of $1.6dS\;m^{-1}$, the $Na_2O$ content of the seed was similar to that in plant grown in the Control conditions($0.8dS\;m^{-1}$). In conclusion, taking into consideration economic factors, millet could be cultivated in soil with salinities of up to approximately $1.6dS\;m^{-1}$, and seed produced from reclaimedland would be suitable for human consumption.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.19-23
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• 1996

A mixture of sterols containing ${\beta}-sitosterol$ and stigmasterol (1), and sterol glycosides containing $3-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranosyl$ ${\beta}-sitosterol$ and $3-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranosyl$ stigmasterol (2) were isolated from the leaves of Gynura procumbens. After acetylation of 2 with pyridine-acetic anhydride, $3-0-{\beta}-D-tetra-O-acetylglucopyranosyl$ ${\beta}>-sitosterol$ (3) was isolated.

• Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.177-191
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• 2021

The Zhenzigou Pb-Zn deposit, one of the largest Pb-Zn deposit in the northeast of China, is located at the Qingchengzi mineral field in Jiao Liao Ji belt. The geology of this deposit consists of Archean granulite, Paleoproterozoinc migmatitic granite, Paleo-Mesoproterozoic sodic granite, Paleoproterozoic Liaohe group, Mesozoic diorite and monzoritic granite. The Zhenzigou deposit which is a strata bound SEDEX or SEDEX type deposit occurs as layer ore and vein ore in Langzishan formation and Dashiqiao formation of the Paleoproterozoic Liaohe group. Based on mineral petrography and paragenesis, dolomites from this deposit are classified three type (1. dolomite (D₀) as hostrock, 2. dolomite (D₁) in layer ore associated with white mica, quartz, K-feldspar, sphalerite, galena, pyrite, arsenopyrite from greenschist facies, 3. dolomite (D₂) in vein ore associated with quartz, apatite and pyrite from quartz vein). The structural formulars of dolomites are determined to be Ca_1.00-1.03Mg_0.94-0.98Fe_0.00-0.06As_0.00-0.01(CO₃)₂(D₀), Ca_0.97-1.16Mg_0.32-0.83Fe_0.10-0.50Mn_0.01-0.12Zn_0.00-0.01Pb_0.00-0.03As_0.00-0.01(CO₃)₂(D₁), Ca_1.00-1.01Mg_0.85-0.92Fe_0.06-0.11 Mn_0.01-0.03As_0.01(CO₃)₂(D₂), respectively. It means that dolomites from the Zhenzigou deposit have higher content of trace elements compared to the theoretical composition of dolomite. Feo and MnO contents of these dolomites (D₀, D₁ and D₂) contain 0.05-2.06 wt.%, 0.00-0.08 wt.% (D₀), 3.53-17.22 wt.%, 0.49-3.71 wt.% (D₁) and 2.32-3.91 wt.%, 0.43-0.95 wt.% (D₂), respectively. The dolomite (D₁) from layer ore has higher content of these trace elements (FeO, MnO, ZnO and PbO) than dolomite (D₀) from hostrock and dolomite (D₂) from quartz vein. Dolomites correspond to Ferroan dolomite (D₀ and D₂), and ankerite and Ferroan dolomite (D₁), respectively. Therefore, 1) dolomite (D₀) from hostrock is a Ferroan dolomite formed by marine evaporative lagoon environment in Paleoproterozoic Jiao Liao Ji basin. 2) Dolomite (D₁) from layer ore is a ankerite and Ferroan dolomite formed by hydrothermal metasomatism origined metamorphism (greenschist facies) associated with Paleoproterozoic intrusion. 3) Dolomte (D₂) from quartz vein is a Ferroan dolomite formed by hydrothermal fluid origined Mesozoic intrusion.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.517-526
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• 1990

The crystal structures of two alditol acetates, D-glucitol hexaacetate and xylitol pentaacetate, have been determined by diffraction methods with Mo-K$\alpha$radiation, using direct methods for phase determinations. The crystal data are: for D-glucitol hexaacetate, P2$_1$, with a = 10.275 (2), b = 8.363 (1), c = 12.560 (5) $\AA;\beta$ = 95.97 $(2)^{\circ}$, Z = 2; for xylitol pentaacetate, P2$_1$/C with a = 18.126 (1), b = 11.422 (2), c = 8.649 (1) $\AA$, $\beta = 95.03 (1)^{\circ}$, Z = 4. Both molecules have extended zigzag carbon chain conformations which differ from previous studies of the structures of D-glucitol and xylitol and also differ from NMR studies on alditol acetates. The bond lengths and angles are normal, with mean values over both structures of C($sp^3)-C(sp^3): 1.514 (10),\; C(sp^3)-O: 1.444 (6),\; C(sp^2)-O: 1.347 (9),\; C(sp^2)=O: 1.197 (6),\; C(sp^2)-C(sp^3): 1.479(9){\AA},\; C(sp^3)-C(sp^3)-C(sp^3): 114.6 (17),\; O-C(sp^3)-C(sp^3): 109.4 (23),\; C(sp^2)-O-C(sp^3): 117.4 (6),\; O=C(sp^2)-O: 122.6 (6),\; C(sp^3)-C(sp^2)-O: 111.8 (7),\; C(sp^3)-C(sp^2)=O: 125.5 (4)^{\circ}$. The atoms of acetate groups are in coplanar. There are no particularly short intermolecular contacts and the molecules are held together by van der Waals force only.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.1028-1034
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• 2011

This paper have been studied that ocean wave power vibration generation system with two D.O.F.(degree of freedom) consists of buoy and vibration generation system with two D.O.F. for using efficiency of ocean wave energy. It selected main frequencies ${\omega}_1$, ${\omega}_2$ in frequency with ocean wave and it fitted them to the natural frequencies of vibration system with two D.O.F. in the vibrational power generation system. Then each the relative velocity of between the winding coil and the permanent magnet is faster than the velocity of ocean wave up and down motion by resonance phenomenon. Also the ocean wave power generation with two D.O.F. obtained the more electric energy then the ocean wave power generation with one D.O.F. by coupling effect for two D.O.F. vibration system. Therefore ocean wave power vibration generation system with two degree of freedom that is proposed in this paper has merits which not only using more energy in the ocean wave but also obtaining more electronic energy.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.428-431
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• 1999

Seven known oleanolic acid glycosides (1-7) were isolated form the MeOH extract of Tiarella polyphylla. The structures were identified to be 3-O-($\beta$-glucopyranosyl) oleanolic acid (1), 3-O-[$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 3)-$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl] oleanolic acid (2), 3-O-D-[$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 2)-$\beta$-D-glycopyranosyl] oleanolic acid (3), 3-O-[$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 3)-$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl] oleanolic acid 28-O-$\beta$D-glucopyranosyl ester (4), 3-O-[$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 2)-$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl] oleanolic acid 28-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl ester (5), 3-O-[a-L-rahmnopyranosyl-(1 3)-$\beta$-D-glucururonopyranosyl] oleanolic acid (6), and 3-O-[$\alpha$-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 3)-$\alpha$-D-glucuronopyranosyl] oleanolic acid 28-O-$\alpha$-D-glucopyranosyl ester (7) on the basis of physicochemical and spectral data. These triterpene glycosides were tested for the anti-complement activity and hemolytic activity. Bisdesmosidic saponins, 4, 5, and 7, showed anti-complement activity; in contrast, monodesmosidic saponins, 1-3, and 6, showed direct hemolytic activity. Methyl esterified monodesmosidic saponins showed anti-complement activity at a low concentration and hemolytic activity at a high concentration.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.1333-1336
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• 2001

A theoretical analysis is presented for the multichannel type resonance at energies above the dissociation threshold to O(1D) in the photodissociation of OH. Dissociations to both oxygenic terms O(3P) and O(1D) are treated. Total cross sections for producing these oxygen terms display asymmetric resonance due to the quantum interference resulting from complicated interplay of electronic states correlating to these two oxygenic terms. The branching ratios of O(3Pj, j = 0, 1, 2), and the vector properties of O(3Pj, j =0,1,2) and O(1D) display extensive changes near the threshold resonance as the result of the interactions among the electronic states correlated with O(3P) and O(1D).

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.318-326
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• 2008

In this paper, we will analyze embedding among Folded Hypercube, Even Network and Odd Network to further improve the network cost of Hypercube. We will show Folded Hypercube $FQ_n$ can be embedded into Even Network $E_{n-1}$ with dilation 2, congestion 1 and Even Network $E_d$ can be embedded into Folded Hypercube $FQ_{2d-3}$ with dilation 1. Also, we will prove Folded Hypercube $FQ_n$ can be embedded into Odd Network $O_{n-1}$ with dilation 2, congestion 1 and Odd Network $O_d$ can be embedded into Folded Hypercube $FQ_{2d-3}$ with dilation 2, congestion 1. Finally, we will show Even Network $E_d$ can be embedded into Odd Network $O_d$ with dilation 2, congestion 1 and Odd Network $O_d$ can be embedded into Folded Hypercube $E_{d-1}$ with dilation 2, congestion 1.