• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.169-177
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• 2013

울릉도 민속식물 31분류군 49점 추출물을 대상으로 최종농도 $50{\mu}g/mL$로 LPS에 의해 유도된 RAW 264.7 대식세포의 NO 생성량을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 다래(Actinidia arguta) 잎 가지, 헛개나무(Hovenia dulcis) 잎, 동백나무(Camellia japonica) 잎 가지, 말오줌나무(Sambucus sieboldiana var. pendula) 잎 가지, 왕호장근(Fallopia sachalinensis) 뿌리 순으로 항염 활성이 우수하게 나타났다. 이 중에서 다래 잎 가지, 헛개나무 잎, 동백나무 잎 가지 추출물을 LPS로 유도된 Raw 264.7 대식세포에서 최종농도가 10, 20, 40, $50{\mu}g/mL$로 처리하여 NO 생성량과 세포생존율, $PGE_2$ 생성량을 측정하였다. 그 결과 다래 잎 가지($IC_{50}=29.21{\mu}g/mL$), 헛개나무 잎($IC_{50}=27.34{\mu}g/mL$), 동백나무 잎 가지($IC_{50}=45.68{\mu}g/mL$) 모두 NO 생성을 농도 의존적으로 유의성 있게 억제하였다. 또한 $PGE_2$ 측정결과 다래 잎 가지($IC_{50}=21.06{\mu}g/mL$), 헛개나무 잎($IC_{50}=33.47{\mu}g/mL$), 동백나무 잎 가지($IC_{50}=43.90{\mu}g/mL$)에서도 유의성 있는 억제효과를 보였다. 본 연구결과 다래 잎 가지, 헛개나무 잎, 동백나무 잎 가지의 추출물은 염증 유발의 중요 인자인 NO 및 $PGE_2$ 생성을 저해하여 우수한 항염증 효과를 보였다. 이들 소재에 대한 염증억제 유효성분 규명 및 그 작용기전을 추가적으로 연구함으로써 만성 염증질환의 예방과 치료에 효과적으로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.217-217
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• 1996

The putative role of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) as non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) neurotransmitter has been studied in rabbit corpus cavernosum. In the presence of atropine and guanethidine the short and prolonged electrical field stimulation (EFS, 2～16 ㎐) induced a frequency-dependent relaxation which was abolished by tetrodotoxin (0.3 ${\mu}$M), a nerve conductance blocker. The neurogenic relaxant reponses were not affected in the presence of VIP-inactivating peptidase, ${\alpha}$-chymotrypsin (2 units/$m\ell$), whereas VIP-induced relaxation were completely abolished. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase by N$\^$G/-nitro-L-arginine (10～100 ${\mu}$M) caused concentration-dependent inhibition to the neurogenic relaxant responses and at 100 ${\mu}$M the relaxations were virtually abolished. In contrast NO (3～30 ${\mu}$M) and VIP (0.001～l ${\mu}$M)-induced relaxation were unaffected. The inhibitory effect of L-NNA was reversed in the presence of L-arginine (5 mM), the precursor of the NO biosynthesis. Hemog1obin (20～60 ${\mu}$M), sequestering NO in the extracellular space, abolished the NO-evoked relaxation and also caused a concentration-dependent inhibition to the neurogenic relaxation. These observation indicate that NANC relaxation induced by prolonged EFS of rabbit corpus cavernosum is also mediated mainly by nitric oxide as same as that of short EFS, and suggest that VIP is not involved in NANC relaxation of rabbit corpus cavernosum and NO would not be produced by VIP in this tissue.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.381-386
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• 2012

Eucommia ulmoides OLIVER (EU) is a traditional Korean herbal used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the present study, the molecular pharmacology basis of its anti-inflammatory effect is revealed in this work, EU was studied in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophage cells (RAW 264.7) as an established inflammation model. After activation, nitric oxide (NO) production and iNOS mRNA were measured by using a colorimetric assay (Griess reagent), and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. The change in the content of $PGE_2$, $TNF{\alpha}$, and IL-6 was concurrently monitored by ELISA. In results, we found that in the concentration range without showing cytotoxicity, EU produced a remarkable anti-inflammatory effect and showed a dose-dependent inhibition of LPSinduced NO production. Compared with indomethacin, EU has more potency and a specific action of NO inhibition, $PGE_2$, IL-6, and TNF-${\alpha}$ inhibition. These results suggest that EU may be a suitable herbal medicine to yield the greatest anti-inflammatory activity for food additives and medicine.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2010

Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Leguminosae) is a well-known herbal medicine that has long been valued as a demulcent to relieve inflammatory disorders. To compare the influence of different solvents on the anti-inflammatory efficacy of G. uralensis, we measured the inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators such as NO, TNF-$\alpha$, and $PGE_2$ in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells by extracts produced using different solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, or n-hexane). The results showed that methanol was the most effective solvent for the inhibition of both NO and $PGE_2$ production in RAW 264.7 cells. However, there was no difference among the extracts for inhibition of TNF-$\alpha$. Further study must be performed for the analysis of correlation between the anti-inflammatory activity of extracts produced using different solvents and the content of major bioactive compounds in G. uralensis, such as glycyrrhizin and liquiritin. The present study suggests that methanol may be a more appropriate solvent of G. uralensis than other solvents (water, ethanol, and n-hexane) to yield the greatest anti-inflammatory activity for food additives and medicine.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 C. pubescens Burkill 에탄올 추출물(CPEE)의 항산화능과 항염증 생리활성을 DPPH 라디칼 소거능, ROS 생성 억제능, NO 소거 활성 등을 통해 분석하였다. 먼저 CPEE의 항산화능을 DPPH 라디칼 소거능으로 분석한 결과 강한 소거능을 보였으며, 좀 더 자세한 항산화능 작용기작을 알아보기 위해 ROS 생성 억제능으로 분석한 결과 농도 의존적으로 강한 ROS 소거능을 보였다. 뿐만 아니라 대표적인 항산화 효소인 HO-1 및 그 전사 인자인 Nrf2의 단백질 발현에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 CPEE에 의해 HO-1 및 Nrf2의 발현이 증가됨을 보였다. 한편 CPEE가 LPS에 의해 유도된 NO 생성에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 농도의 존적인 NO 생성 저해능을 보였으며 이는 NO 생성 단백질인 iNOS의 발현 저해에서 기인함을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 통해 CPEE의 높은 항산화능과 항염증 활성을 확인하였으며 향후 잠재적인 기능성 소재로서 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.934-940
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• 2023

Syneilesis palmata (SP) is a traditional medicinal plant. SP has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activities. However, there is currently no research available on the immunostimulatory activity of SP. Therefore, in this study, we report that S. palmata leaves (SPL) activate macrophages. Increased secretion of both immunostimulatory mediators and phagocytic activity was observed in SPL-treated RAW264.7 cells. However, this effect was reversed by the inhibition of TLR2/4. In addition, inhibition of p38 decreased the secretion of immunostimulatory mediators induced by SPL, and inhibition of TLR2/4 decreased the phosphorylation of p38 induced by SPL. SPL augmented p62/SQSTM1 and LC3-II expression. The increase in protein levels of p62/SQSTM1 and LC3-II induced by SPL was decreased by the inhibition of TLR2/4. The results obtained from this study suggest that SPL activates macrophages via TLR2/4-dependent p38 activation and induces autophagy in macrophages via TLR2/4 stimulation.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2023년도 임시총회 및 춘계학술대회
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• pp.44-44
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• 2023

Syneilesis palmata (SP) has been used as a traditional medicinal plant and vegetable. SP was reported to exert pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, and anti-HIV. However, there are no studies on the immunostimulatory activity of SP. Thus, in this study, we report that S. palmata leaves (SPL) induce the activation of macrophages. An increase in both secretions of immunostimulatory mediators and phagocytotic activity was observed in SPL-treated RAW264.7 cells. However, this was reversed by inhibition of TLR2/4. In addition, the p38 inhibition reduced the SPL-mediated secretion of immunostimulatory mediators, and the SPL-mediated p38 activation was blocked by the TLR2/4 inhibition. SPL augmented both p62/SQSTM1 and LC3-II. TLR2/4 inhibition blocked the SPL-mediated increase of p62/SQSTM1 and LC3-II. These findings indicate that SPL may activate macrophages through TLR2/4-dependent p38 activation and activate autophagy through TLR2/4 stimulation.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2010

Objectives : This experimental study was performed to investigate the effect of Fel Ursi & Bovis Calculus pharmacopuncture solution(FUBCPS) manufactured by using alcohol/water extraction method for identify ing the use of it as eyedrops. Methods: FUBCPS was manufactured by using alcohol/water extraction method. Measure the size of inhibition zone and MIC(Minimum Inhibition Concentration) after administering FUBCPS on bacterial species. Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum and Candida albicans, which cause keratitis. Administering cravit(Levonoxacin medicine) on bacterial species also performed to compare the anti-bacterial potency of this material, measured by using the size of inhibition zone Results : After administering FUBCPS on bacterial species(Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans). there was no response to MIC and there was no anti -bacterial potency also. Conclusions : This study suggests that FUBCPS dose not have anti-bacterial effects on bacterial species which cause Keratitis. These study result recommends that we need to research more on herbal medicines of eye drop which have anti-bacterial effects on keratitis

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.634-640
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• 2018

Aralia cordata (A. cordata), which belongs to Araliaceae, is a perennial herb widely distributed in East Asia. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of stems (AC-S), roots (AC-R) and leaves (AC-L) extracted with 100% methanol of A. cordata and elucidated the potential signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The AC-L showed a strong anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of NO production. AC-L dose-dependently inhibited NO production by suppressing iNOS, COX-2 and $IL-{\beta}$ expression in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. AC-L inhibited the degradation and phosphorylation of $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$, which donated to the inhibition of p65 nuclear accumulation and $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation. Furthermore, AC-L suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38. These results suggested that AC-L may utilize anti-inflammatory activity by blocking $NF-{\kappa}B$ and MAPK signaling pathway and indicated that the AC-L can be used as a natural anti-inflammatory drugs.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.713-719
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• 2011

The antioxidant activities of the ethanol extract of Arctium lappa were assessed by measuring the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl( DPPH) radical scavenging effect, inhibition of $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation, inhibition of malondialdehyde(MDA)-bovine serum albumin(BSA) conjugation reaction and antimutagenic capacities using the Ames test. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and inhibition of $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation of the $Arctium$ $lappa$ ethanol extract significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. In the radical scavenging assay using DPPH, the $IC_{50}$ of the Arctium lappa extract was 296 ${\mu}g$/assay(1.29 mg of dry sample). In addition, the $IC_{50}$ in the inhibition of $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation was 1,759 ${\mu}g$/assay(7.65 mg of dry sample). This extract also significantly inhibited the MDA-BSA conjugation reaction with an $IC_{50}$ of 57.58 mg/assay(250 mg of dry sample). However, no inhibitory effects against the direct and indirect mutagenicities in $Salmonella$ Typhimurium TA98 and TA100 were observed. Based on these results, the ethanol extract of $Arctium$ $lappa$ was shown to display considerable antioxidative activities.