• 대한수학회보
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.83-89
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• 1993

Applications of the classical Knaster-Kuratowski-Mazurkiewicz theorem [KKM] and the fixed point theory of multifunctions defined on convex subsets of topological vector spaces have been greatly improved by adopting the concept of convex spaces due to Lassonde[L]. Recently, this concept has been extended to pseudo-convex spaces, contractible spaces, or spaces having certain families of contractible subsets by Horvath[H1-4]. In the present paper we give a far-reaching generalization of the best approximation theorem of Ky Fan[F1, 2] to pseudo-metric spaces and improved versions of the well-known fixed point theorems due to Brouwer [B] and Schauder [S] for spaces having certain families of contractible subsets. Our basic tool is a generalized Fan-Browder type fixed point theorem in our previous works [P3, 4].

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.231-234
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• 1983

The stability constant for the complex of $UO_2^{2+}$ with a macrocyclic aminoether ligand, 1,7,10,16-tetraoxa-4,13-diazacyclooctadecane, has determined in aqueous solution. The conductivity and pH metric measurements suggest that the ligand forms a stable 1:1 complex with $UO_2^{2+}$ ion, and the complex is an ionic form, $UO_2L^{2+}$, in aqueous solution. The fact that the ligand does not form a complex with lanthanides, such as $Ce^{3+}$, $Sm^{3+}$, and $Nd^{3+}$ ions, in aqueous solution suggests a possibility of separation of the lanthanide elements from uranium matrix using the macrocyclic aminoether ligand.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.113-115
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• 2004

Six generations (P$_1$, P$_2$, F$_1$, BC$_1$, BC$_2$ and F$_2$) of four bivoltine silkworm crosses (SKAU-R-1 ${\times}$ Yakwei, SKAU-R-6 ${\times}$ Yakwei, CSR$_2$ ${\times}$ CSR$_4$ and SH$_{6}$${\times}$ NB$_4$D$_2$) were evaluated in a completely randomized block design with 5 replications for each treatment. The generation mean 2 in respect of 3 metric traits (single cocoon weight, single shell weight, and shell ratio ％), were subjected to Cavallis joint scaling test. Additive dominance model was found to be adequate in CSR$_2$${\times}$CSR$_4$ and SH$_{6}$${\times}$ NB$_4$D$_2$ for single cocoon weight and shell weight and SKAU-R-6 ${\times}$ Yakwei for shell ratio(％). Whereas, in rest of the crosses epistasis was evident in the traits under investigation. Magnitude of additive gene effect (d) was greater than dominance(h) in SH$_{6}$${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$ and SKUA-R-6${\times}$Yakwei for shell ratio (％) and in CSR$_2$${\times}$ CSR$_4$ for shell weight. Thus selection for these traits in early segregating generations of these crosses would be effective for obtaining considerable genetic gain. gain.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.51-74
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• 1986

The thery of measure is significant in that we extend from it to the theory of integration. AS specific metric outer measures we can take Hausdorff outer measure and Lebesgue-Stieltjes outer measure connecting measure with monotone functions.([12]) The purpose of this paper is to find some properties of Lebesgue-Stieltjes measure by extending it from $R^1$ to $R^n(n{\geq}1)$ $({\S}3)$ and differentiation of the integral defined by Borel measure $({\S}4)$. If in detail, as follows. We proved that if $_n{\lambda}_{f}^{\ast}$ is Lebesgue-Stieltjes outer measure defined on a finite monotone increasing function $f:R{\rightarrow}R$ with the right continuity, then $$_n{\lambda}_{f}^{\ast}(I)=\prod_{j=1}^{n}(f(b_j)-f(a_j))$$, where $I={(x_1,...,x_n){\mid}a_j$<$x_j{\leq}b_j,\;j=1,...,n}$. (Theorem 3.6). We've reached the conclusion of an extension of Lebesgue Differentiation Theorem in the course of proving that the class of continuous function on $R^n$ with compact support is dense in $L^p(d{\mu})$ ($1{\leq$}p<$\infty$) (Proposition 2.4). That is, if f is locally $\mu$-integrable on $R^n$, then $\lim_{h\to\0}\left(\frac{1}{{\mu}(Q_x(h))}\right)\int_{Qx(h)}f\;d{\mu}=f(x)\;a.e.(\mu)$.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.881-895
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• 2023

Modern image inpainting techniques based on deep learning have achieved remarkable performance, and more and more people are working on repairing more complex and larger missing areas, although this is still challenging, especially for facial image inpainting. For a face image with a huge missing area, there are very few valid pixels available; however, people have an ability to imagine the complete picture in their mind according to their subjective will. It is important to simulate this capability while maintaining the identity features of the face as much as possible. To achieve this goal, we propose a three-stage network model, which we refer to as the identity and structure feature refinement network (ISFRNet). ISFRNet is based on 1) a pre-trained pSp-styleGAN model that generates an extremely realistic face image with rich structural features; 2) a shallow structured network with a small receptive field; and 3) a modified U-net with two encoders and a decoder, which has a large receptive field. We choose structural similarity index (SSIM), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), L1 Loss and learned perceptual image patch similarity (LPIPS) to evaluate our model. When the missing region is 20%-40%, the above four metric scores of our model are 28.12, 0.942, 0.015 and 0.090, respectively. When the lost area is between 40% and 60%, the metric scores are 23.31, 0.840, 0.053 and 0.177, respectively. Our inpainting network not only guarantees excellent face identity feature recovery but also exhibits state-of-the-art performance compared to other multi-stage refinement models.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.519-528
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• 2009

상해 예방을 위해 이용하는 테이핑의 효과는 이미 선행연구들에서 이해할만하게 이야기 되어져 왔지만, 기능적 발목 불안정성을 가진 대상자에게 동적 임무를 가지고 지면반력과 안정성을 분석한 연구는 거의 없다. 본 연구는 발목 불안정성을 가진 선수들을 대상으로 점프 후 착지 시 지면반력 변인과 안정성에 미치는 영향을 알아보는데 있다. 이 실험을 위하여 기능적 발목 불안정성을 가진 14명의 선수가 참가하였고 동작분석과 지면반력 값을 산출하기 위해 적외선 카메라 8대(Vicon MX-F20, Oxford Metric Ltd, Oxford, UK)로 구성된 동작분석시스템(Vicon Motion Systems)과 지면반력기를 사용하였다. 본 연구 결과 발목 불안정성이 있는 선수에게 테이핑의 적용은 착지 시 배측굴곡 각속도, 내번 각속도, 최대 수직지면반력을 감소시켰으며, 안정성과 관련된 변인인 A-P cop, M-L cop에서 안정성을 향상시켰다. 임상에서 발목 불안정성이 있는 선수들에게 상해 예방을 위한 하나의 방법으로 테이핑의 사용을 권장해도 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.228-235
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• 2012

$N_2O_2$계 시프염기 리간드인 N,N'-bis(4-methoxysalicylidene)phenylendiamine(4-$CH_3O$-salphen)을 합성하였다. 합성한 4-$CH_3O$-salphen을 이용하여 분광광도법으로 수용액 중의 Cu(II)이온 정량실험을 시도하였다. Cu(II)이온 정량을 위한 최적 실험조건을 구한 결과, 4-$CH_3O$-salphen 농도는 $2.0{\times}10^{-4}\;mol/L$, 용매 DMSO와 물의 비율은 50/50(v/v), pH는 5.5에서, 온도는 $55^{\circ}C$에서 한 시간정도를 물중탕하고, 시료의 흡광도는 388 nm였고, 그 조건에서 검량곡선을 작성하였다. 작성된 검량곡선(${\varepsilon}=3.6{\times}10^4\;mol^{-1}cm^{-1}$)은 $R^2$=0.9963의 상관계수 값을 나타내었다. 이상의 최적화된 실험조건을 이용하여 온천수, 반도체 공장폐수 및 하수 처리장의 처리수를 채취하여 Cu(II)이온을 각각 정량 분석한 결과는 측정 평균값이 기준 값에 대하여 0.6~5.4% 범위에서 잘 일치 하였고, 정량한계는 31.77 ng/mL($5.0{\times}10^{-7}\;mol/L$)이었다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.308-316
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• 2023

Objectives: The aim of this study is to measure and assess the occupational noise exposure levels among construction workers at apartment building construction sites in South Korea. Methods: Noise exposure assessments were conducted for 139 construction workers across 10 different trades at 53 apartment building construction sites in the northern part of Gyeonggi-do. Assessments were carried out using a noise dosimeter set with a 90 dB criterion, an 80 dB threshold, and a 5 dB exchange rate over a period of more than 6 hours(L_MOEL) Results: The mean L_MOEL (equivalent continuous noise level over 8 hours) for the 139 dosimeter samples was 87.8 ± 4.3 dBA. The mean noise exposure level for each construction trade, referred to as the trade mean, was also calculated. Significant differences in noise exposure levels were observed between construction trades (ANOVA, p < 0.001). The highest L_MOEL values were recorded for concrete chippers (93.2 ± 2.6 dBA), followed by ironworkers (88.4 ± 0.7 dBA), concrete finishers (88.3 ± 2.7 dBA), masonry workers (87.7 ± 1.9 dBA), pile driver operators (85.6 ± 1.7 dBA), concrete carpenters (84.9 ± 2.4 dBA), interior carpenters (83.5 ± 2.1 dBA), and other groups (81.4 ± 2.2 dBA). Conclusions: The findings suggest that nearly all construction workers in this study are at risk of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL). Moreover, the study establishes that construction trades can serve as a useful metric for assessing noise exposure levels at apartment construction sites.

• 환경생물
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.311-322
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 2006$\sim$2007년 동안 도심하천인 미호천과 갑천의 이화학적 수질 및 서식지 특성을 분석하였고, 또한 어종 분포 및 길드분석을 통해 군집구조 및 생태건강도 특성을 비교 평가하였다. 전형적인 두 도심하천의 BOD, COD농도는 각각 평균 3.5 mg L$^{-1}$, 5.7 mg L$^{-1}$였고, 총질소(TN)및 총인(TP)의 농도는 각각 5.1 mg L$^{-1}$, 274 ${\mu}g$ L$^{-1}$로서 이미 부영양 상태로 판정되었으며, 특히 갑천하류 지점에서는 유기물 오염 및 부영양화 현상이 뚜렷했다. 두 도심하천에서 총 종수는 34종으로서 동일하게 나타났고, 내성종 및 잡식종인 피라미(Zacco platypus)는 가장 높은 상대 풍부도(32$\sim$42%)를 보였다. 두하천에서 민감종의 비율(23%)은 낮은 반면 내성종과 잡식종의 비율(45%, 52%)은 높게 나타나 도심하천에서의 전형적인 길드 변화 현상이 확연히 나타났다. 하천생태건강도 평가(SEHA)에 따르면, 두 하천에서 다변수 모델값은 각각 19,24로서 양호하지 못한 것으로 나타났고, 서식지 평가 분석 (QHEI)에서는 미호천 123, 갑천 135로서 보통$\sim$양호 상태를 보였으며, 수질에서 보여준 바와 같이 최하류(특히, 갑천)에서는 극명하게 악화된 것으로 나타났다. 특히 갑천 하류의 낮은 건강도 평가모델값(20)은 하수종말처리장으로부터 나온 배출수의 화학적 영향이 큰 것으로 사료되었다. 이런 다변수 모델 값은 전기전도도(r=-0.530, p=0.016), BOD (r=-0.578, p< 0.01), COD (r=-0.603, p< 0.01), 영양염류(TN, TP: r>0.40, p<0.05)와 같은 수질변수들과 높은 역상관 관계를 보였다. 이는 생태건강도 모델값이 수질 특성을 잘 반영하는 객관성 있는 평가기법으로 활용 될 수 있음을 제시하였다. 따라서 이런 도심하천의 하류부에서는 생태계 보존을 위해 향후 하천복원 및 지속적인 생태모니터링 이 필요할 것으로 사료되었다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2012

To meet the local requirement i.e. the tropical stress of Andhra Pradesh and marginal farmers, twenty four new hybrid combinations were tested in Line x Tester method involving eight newly developed polyvoltine oval lines viz., MSO1, MSO2, MSO3, MSO4, MSO5, MSO6, MSO7 and MSO8 and three bivoltine silkworm breeds viz., APS12, APS45 and APS8 as testers. These hybrids were reared to evaluate their performance. Data for eight economically important metric traits viz., fecundity, cocoon yield per 10,000 larvae by number, cocoon yield per 10,000 larvae by weight, survival rate, cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, cocoon shell ratio and filament length was recorded. General combining ability (gca), specific combining ability (sca) and heterosis were analyzed. Further, the relative merit of the hybrids for all the traits under study was also assessed adopting Evaluation Index method. Based on combining ability effects, heterosis and evaluation index, five hybrid combinations viz., MSO3 $\times$ APS45, MSO1 $\times$ APS12, MSO7 $\times$ APS8, MSO2 $\times$ APS45 and MSO1 $\times$ APS45 were selected for further evaluation in different seasons.