• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.167-183
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• 2008

KCSYJT medicines controlled $CD4^+/IFN-\gamma$, and $CD4^+/CD25^+/foxp3^+$ revelation that an experiment that motive allergy immune reponse because an in vitro experiment stimulates T cells of a NC/Nga mouse same time by anti-CD40/rmIL-4, and interleukin-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-$\alpha$, and TGF-$\beta$ mRNA outturn that bear in T and B cells decreased remarkably by KCSYJT medicines. Intracellular staining of splenocytes anti-CD40/rmIL-4 plus rmIL-4 stimulated as described in a, assessed after 24 h, KCSYJT exerts a mainly immunosuppressive effect that acts at least partially through suppression of the transcription factor GATA3 expression in $CD4^+$ T cells. We found that skin lesions, which were clinically and histologically very similar to human AD, mite antigen-induced dermatitis on the face, neck, ears and dorsal skin of inbred NC/Nga mice. Result that Th1 cell and Th2 cell observe to be shifted by cytokine expression with GATA3 regulation by KCSYJT medicines could know that KCSYJT medicines can use usefully in allergy autoimmnune diease.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.63-85
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was carried out to know the effects of Danggwisayeokgaohsuyusaenggang-tang(hereinafter referred to DST) on arthritis induced by collagen on DBA/1 OlaHsd mice. Methods : For this purpose, DST was orally administered to mouse with arthritis induced by collagen II. Cytotoxicity, high performance liquid chromatograph(HPLC) analysis, arthritis index, value of immunocyte in draining lymph node and paw joint, cytokine were measured in vivo. Results : 1. The cytotoxicity against human fibroblast cells(hFCs) was not measured in any concentration. 2. In HPLC analysis, There are high peak patterns at 8 minute(min), 12 min, 35 min, 45 min. 3. The arthritis index was decreased significantly. 4. The degree of arthritis induced damage of joint of DST group is slight compared with control group in histopathologic observation(Hematoxylin and eosin stain(H&E), Masson's trichrome(M-T) staining). 5. In total cell counts of draining lymph node(DLN) and paw joint, the cells in DLN decreased significantly on DST 200 mg/kg and the cells in paw joint decreased significantly on 200 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg. 6. In DLN, $CD4^+/CD25^+$, $CD3^+/CD69^+$, major histocompatibility complex(MHC), class-II/$CD11c^+$ cells decreased significantly on DST 200 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg $CD3^+/CD8^+$ cells decreased significantly on DST 200 200 mg/kg, $CD4^+$, $CD3^+/CD44^+$ cells decreased. 7. In paw joints, $CD4^+$, $CD11b^+/Gr-1^+$ cells decreased significantly on DST 200 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg. 8. In joints, levels of $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$, cyclo-oxygenase-2(COX-2), NOS-II were decreased on DST 200 mg/kg and DST 50 mg/kg. 9. In analysing of cytokine in CD3/CD28 activated spleen, IL-17 was decreased significantly, IL-4 was increased significantly $INF-{\gamma}$ was decreased on DST 200 mg/kg. 10. In analysing of cytokine in collagen activated spleen, IL-17 were decreased significantly, IL-4 was increased significantly. Conclusions : This results demonstrated that DST suppressed the inflammatory progression of collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) mice and supported further studies are required to survey continuously in looking for the effective substance and mechanism in the future.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2012

The aim of the study is to characterize the phenotypes of $CD4^+$ $CD25^+$ T regulatory cells within the liver granulomas and association with both Foxp-3 gene expression and splenic cytokines. Naive C57BL/6 mice were intravenously injected with multiple doses of the soluble egg antigen (SEA) 7 days before cercarial infection. The immunized and infected control groups were sacrificed 8 and 16 weeks post-infection (PI). Histopathology, parasitological parameters, splenic phenotypes for T regulatory cells, the FOXP-3 expression in hepatic granuloma using real-time PCR, and the associated splenic cytokines were studied. Histopathological examination of the liver revealed remarkable increase in degenerated ova within hepatic granuloma which decreased in diameter at weeks 8 and 16 PI ($P$<0.01). The percentage of T regulatory cells ($CD4^+$ $CD25^+$) increased significantly ($P$<0.01) in the immunized group compared to the infected control at weeks 8 and 16 PI. The FOXP-3 expression in hepatic granulomas increased from 10 at week 8 to 30 fold at week 16 PI in the infected control group. However, its expression in the immunized group showed an increase from 30 at week 8 to 70 fold at week 16 PI. The splenic cytokine levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-4, and TNF-${\alpha}$, showed significant decreases ($P$<0.05) compared to the infected control group. In conclusion, the magnitude and phenotype of the egg-induced effects on T helper responses were found to be controlled by a parallel response within the T regulatory population which provides protection in worm parasite-induced immunopathology.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.157-166
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• 2004

In order to understand the anti-carcinogenic effects of Boo-jung-bae-bon-bang(扶正培本方)-B1), Hwal-hyul-hwa-eo-bang(活血化瘀方-B2), Cheong-youl-hae-dok-bang(淸熱解毒方-B3), prescriptions of individual B1, B2, and B3 treatments or combined treatments (B4; B1+B2, B5; B1+B3, B6; B1+B2+83, B7; B2+83) were applied to cultured cancer cell lines. The major findings on their anti-cardnogenic effects in terms of mechanism and synergistic interactions are summarized below. Results of cytokine gene expression analyses are summarized as follows; IL-2 gene expression was increased by B1 and B6 treatments, IFN-v gene expression increased by B3, B1, B6, and 85, and CD28 gene expression increased by B1 and B5. IL-4 expression was not affected by any treatments. In the FACS analysis, increases in numbers of immunoreactive CD3/sup +//CD25/sup +/ T cells by B1 and B5 treatment, CD3/sup +//CD69/sup +/ T cells by B1, B3, B5, and B6 treatments, CD19/sup +//CD44/sup +/ B cells by B1 and B6 treatments were observed when compared to the corresponding non-treated control groups.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.167-174
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• 1996

Alcoholics increased susceptibility to microbial infection that is associated with decreased immunity. but there has been little experimental evidence to support alcoholics-induced increase of microbial infection directly in non-specific immunity. Therefore, we were used the method of phagocytic-plaque including all the stimulating factors for the phagocytosis, subtypes of lymphocytes and T-lymphocyte proliferation. The experimental groups were divided into 3 groups: (1) alcoholics who were hospitalized less than 1 week (newly hospitalized alcoholics), (2) alcoholics who were hospitalized more than 2 weeks (old hospitalized alcoholics), (3) healthy blood donors. We have studied 98 alcoholics and 35 healthy blood donors and control groups. A physician has checked the biological markers and diagnosed the body-condition alcoholics. The immunity and non-specific immunity on the alcoholics were analyzed by using the simultest kit and flow cytometry. Proliferation of the lymphocytes was analyzed by the phytohemmagglutinine mitogen. Phagocytosis and migration properties of leukocytes were identified on the layer formed by Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I strain. Biological markers of alcoholics and control groups, by such as blood glucose, ${\gamma}$-glutamyl transpeptidase and mean corpuscular volumes of red blood cells, were determined by biochemical and hematological methods. Compared with control groups, cluster of differentiation (CD)3+, CD8+ and CD19+ in alcoholic were more decreased except CD4+/CD8+ ratio. Proliferation of the T-lymphocytes, phagocytosis and migration properties of the leukocytes in alcoholics were decreased compared with those of control groups. According to the results observed in our experiment, they can be summerized as follows: 1, Cellular, humoral and non-specific immunities, are markedly decreased in alcoholics than those in control groups. 2. It is inferred that Phagocytic plaque formation is a very useful method to evaluate phagocytosis and migration properties of the alcoholic leukocytes 3. It is thought that the subtypes of lymphocytes, especially CD4+/CD8+ ratio, are essential methods to analyzed the alcoholic immunity. 4. Specific and non-specific immunity on the old hospitalized alcoholics was slightly increased, which depends upon the alcoholic medication.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.1-25
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the anti-arthritis effects of Jeonsaenghwalhyeoltanggamibang(JHTG) on collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) in mice. Methods: To assess the effects of JHTG on CIA in mice, we conducted several experiments such as analysis of arthritis index, cell count of draining lymph node(DLN) and paw joint, measurement of serum antibody levels and observation of the histological changes of joint. Results: 1. JHTG extract had a suppressive effect on the arthritis index of paw joints in CIA mice. 2. JHTG extract increased the total cell number of DLN, and decreased the total cell number of paw joints in CIA mice. 3. JHTG extract increased the absolute number of various cell surface receptors in DLN, and decreased the absolute number of B220+/CD23+ cells in DLN in CIA mice. 4. JHTG extract decreased the absolute number of CD3+, CD4+, CD11b+/Gr-1 cells in paw joint in CIA mice. 5. JHTG extract didn't decrease the absolute number of CD4+/CD25+ cells in paw joints in CIA mice. 6. JHTG extract decreased levels of total IgM in the serum of CIA mice, but had no effect on levels of collagen II specific antibody. 7. JHTG extract decreased the destruction of articular cartilages and collagen fibers and the proliferation of synovial cells in paw joints from CIA mice. Conclusion: These results indicate that JHTG has clinical potential for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by modulating the immune response.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.251-265
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• 2007

Yanhyeoljeseuptang(YHJST) is a traditional herbal medicine used for the treatment of dermatitis. The aim of this study was to confirm whether or not YHJST has a preventive effect on development of atopic dermatitis in dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB)-applied Nc/Nga mouse. This study was undertaken to develop a reliable mouse model demonstrating similar immunologic phenomena as human atopic dermatitis characterized with predominance of type-2 immune response. NC/Nga mouse were sensitized with $200\;{\mu\ell}$ of 1% 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB) (acetone : olive oil = 3 : 1 mixture) and challenged twice or three times with $150\;{\mu\ell}$ of 0.2% DNCB in a week for the following 4 weeks. YHJST was administered orally to Nc/Nga mouse for 8 weeks, which led to the remarkable suppression on the development of dermatitis, as determined by various immune factors related to pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis in splenocytes and DLN cells. In this study, YHJST selectively suppressed T ce11 (CD4+, CD3+/CD69+, CD4+/CD25+) activation, which may be essential for ratio of IL-4 versus INF-$\gamma$ produced in the splenic T cell culture supernatants was approximately 3-fold higher in the mouse treated with DNCB than their control mouse respectively. Immunologic studies showed down-regulated that the capacity of spleen T cells to produce IL-4, but IFN-$\gamma$ was up-regulated by means of oral intake of these YHJST. These results strongly suggest that YHJST is a promising candidate for treatment of human atopic dermatitis.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.267-280
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• 2007

Gupoongjeseuptang(GPJST) is a traditional herbal medicine used for the treatment of dermatitis. The aim of this study was to confirm whether or not GPJST has a preventive effect on development of atopic dermatitis in dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB)-applied Nc/Nga mouse. This study was undertaken to develop a reliable mouse model demonstrating similar immunologic phenomena as human atopic dermatitis characterized with predominance of type-2 immune response. NC/Nga mouse were sensitized with $200\;{\mu\ell}$ of 1% 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB) (acetone : olive oil = 3 : 1 mixture) and challenged twice or three times with $150\;{\mu\ell}$ of 0.2% DNCB in a week for the following 4 weeks. GPJST was administered orally to Nc/Nga mouse for 6 weeks, which led to the remarkable suppression on the development of dermatitis, as determined by various immune factors related to pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis in splenocytes and DLN cells. In this study, GPJST selectively suppressed T ce11 (CD4+, CD3+CD69+, CD4+CD25+) activation, which may be essential for ratio of IL-4 versus INF-$\gamma$ produced in the splenic T cell culture supernatants was approximately 3-fold higher in the mouse treated with DNCB than their control mouse respectively. Immunologic studies showed down-regulated that the capacity of spleen T cells to produce IL-4, but IFN-$\gamma$ was up-regulated by means of oral intake of these GPJST. These results strongly suggest that GPJST is a promising candidate for treatment of human atopic dermatitis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.289-295
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• 2013

Different functions have been attributed to $CD4^+CD25^+Foxp3^+$ regulatory T-cells (Tregs) during malaria infection. Herein, we describe the disparity in Treg response and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines during infection with Plasmodium berghei ANKA between young (3-week-old) and middle-aged (8-month-old) C57BL/6 mice. Young mice were susceptible to cerebral malaria (CM), while the middle-aged mice were resistant to CM and succumbed to hyperparasitemia and severe anemia. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-${\alpha}$, in young CM-susceptible mice were markedly higher than in middle-aged CM-resistant mice. An increased absolute number of Tregs 3-5 days post-inoculation, co-occurring with elevated IL-10 levels, was observed in middle-aged CM-resistant mice but not in young CM-susceptible mice. Our findings suggest that Treg proliferation might be associated with the suppression of excessive pro-inflammatory Th1 response during early malaria infection, leading to resistance to CM in the middle-aged mice, possibly in an IL-10-dependent manner.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.482-485
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• 2013

This case report describes the increment of regulatory T cells in thyroid carcinoma of a mixed breed dog compared with normal dogs. A mixed breed dog was referred for a submandibular mass and hyperthermia. Right cervical mass was detected during the physical examination and radiography identified right cervical mass suspected thyroid gland. Accurate location and size of mass was confirmed using computed tomography and 3D reconstructed images. After confirmation of mass, surgical resection was performed and evaluation of regulatory T cells in blood of this patient was performed using flow cytometric assay. The percentage of regulatory T cells was 38.28% of all CD4 (+)/CD25 (+) T cells. This result was higher than median percentage of regulatory T cells of healthy 8 beagles ($7.66{\pm}1.65%$ (p<0.01) of all CD4 (+)/CD25 (+) T cells). And masses were confirmed as giant cell thyroid carcinoma based on histopathologic examination. After surgical resection of cervical mass was performed, the owner didn't want chemotherapy. Seven days later, cervical mass came out again. And CBC showed severe leukocytosis (WBC $47.6{\times}10^3/{\mu}L$) and non-regenerative anemia (PCV 21%). Suspected pulmonic metastasis regions became more severe. Finally the dog died of severe anemia and respiratory disorder.