Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
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T Regulatory Cell Responses to Immunization with a Soluble Egg Antigen in $Schistosoma$ $mansoni$-Infected Mice

  • El-Ahwany, Eman (Department of Immunology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute) ;
  • Bauiomy, Ibrahim Rabia (Department of Parasitology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute) ;
  • Nagy, Faten (Department of Immunology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute) ;
  • Zalat, Rabab (Department of Parasitology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute) ;
  • Mahmoud, Ola (Department of Hematology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute) ;
  • Zada, Suher (Department of Biology, American University in Cairo)
  • Received : 2011.09.27
  • Accepted : 2011.12.22
  • Published : 2012.03.30
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Abstract

The aim of the study is to characterize the phenotypes of $CD4^+$ $CD25^+$ T regulatory cells within the liver granulomas and association with both Foxp-3 gene expression and splenic cytokines. Naive C57BL/6 mice were intravenously injected with multiple doses of the soluble egg antigen (SEA) 7 days before cercarial infection. The immunized and infected control groups were sacrificed 8 and 16 weeks post-infection (PI). Histopathology, parasitological parameters, splenic phenotypes for T regulatory cells, the FOXP-3 expression in hepatic granuloma using real-time PCR, and the associated splenic cytokines were studied. Histopathological examination of the liver revealed remarkable increase in degenerated ova within hepatic granuloma which decreased in diameter at weeks 8 and 16 PI ($P$<0.01). The percentage of T regulatory cells ($CD4^+$ $CD25^+$) increased significantly ($P$<0.01) in the immunized group compared to the infected control at weeks 8 and 16 PI. The FOXP-3 expression in hepatic granulomas increased from 10 at week 8 to 30 fold at week 16 PI in the infected control group. However, its expression in the immunized group showed an increase from 30 at week 8 to 70 fold at week 16 PI. The splenic cytokine levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-4, and TNF-${\alpha}$, showed significant decreases ($P$<0.05) compared to the infected control group. In conclusion, the magnitude and phenotype of the egg-induced effects on T helper responses were found to be controlled by a parallel response within the T regulatory population which provides protection in worm parasite-induced immunopathology.

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References

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