• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.319-323
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• 2002

In order to investigate the safety of Aralia elata extract causing the reduction in the blood glucose level and oxidative stress in diabetes animals, these genotoxicity studies in bacterial and mammalian cell assay system such as Ames bacterial reverse mutation test and chromosomal aberration assay were performed. As results, in Ames bacterial reversion assay the extract in the range of 5,000-625 ug/plate did not induce mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1537 strains with and without metabolic activation of S-9 mixture. For chromosomal aberration assay, $IC_{50}$ (50% inhibition concentration of cell growth) of the extract were determined; 792 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ without and 524 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ with S-9 mixture in Chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblast cell culture. Any significant chromosomal aberration was not observed in CHL cells treated with the extract at the concentrations of 792, 396 and 198 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ or 524, 262 and 131 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ in the absence or presence of S-9 metabolic activation, respectively. From these results, Aralia elata extract did not induce any harmful effects on the gene in bacteria and mammalian cell system used in these experiments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.912-916
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of saponin in the shoot of Aralia elata on serum lipid level and glucose in streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats. Sprague Dawley normal male rats weighing 70$\pm$5g were randomly assigned to normal(control group), crude saponin(S group), and shoot of Aralia elata(D group). Experimental diets have been fed for 6 weeks. STZ induced diabetic rats were classified to diabetic control(DC group) and crude saponin(DS group). Diabetic rats were experimentally induced by intravenous injection of STZ(65mg/kg of body weight) dissolved in citrate buffer(pH 4.5). DS group has been i.p. injected with crude saponin solved in phosphate buffer(pH 7.0, 10mg/100g body weight) and DC group fed for 10 days. Body weight decreased significantly in crude saponin group. Feed intakes and feed efficiency ratio were not significantly different among C, S, and D group. The crude saponin group has indicated the lowest values of serum total cholesterol, glucose, and triglyceride. However, the values of serum glucose and triglyceride were not significant. Insulin levels among the crude saponin group, the shoot powder group, and the control group were not significantly different. When STZ induced diabetic rats have i.p. injection of crude saponin, the crude saponin has reduced the serum glucose but it is not been significant.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.662-668
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of methanolic extracts of 10 kinds of wild vegetables cultivated in Gangwon province on antioxidant activity, acetylcholinesterase, and β-secretase inhibitory activities. Results showed that among the wild vegetables, Aralia elata(Miq.) Seem shoot extract exhibited the highest total phenol content (84.65±1.08 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoids content (70.77±0.55 mg RE/g), respectively. The antioxidant activity of wild vegetables extracts was measured by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay. Aralia elata(Miq.) Seem shoot extracts had the highest DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity (90.16%, 40.18% at 2 mg/mL). As a result, Aralia elata(Miq.) Seem shoot extract was the most effective in terms of acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (35.94% at 1 mg/mL). In the β-secretase activity assay, all 10 kinds wild vegetables extracts showed low inhibitory activity, and Aralia elata(Miq.) Seem shoot extract had highest inhibitory activity among the 10 wild vegetables extracts was 14.99%. Taken together, these results showed that Aralia elata(Miq.) Seem shoot extract has potential cognition improvement impact, suggesting that it may provide an effective strategy for improving cognition.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.101-108
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• 2006

This study was conducted to develop the regulating methods for the optimal harvest stage of new sprout for woody plants, and to clarify the effects of storage condition and period on the growth of new sprout formed of Aralia elata cv. 'Jeongkwang'. Japanese angelica tree were collected in the Jangheung district of Jeonnam on 20. March, 2005, and those cut branches were stored at $5{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ and 80 to 90% of the relative humidity, and were cut in water. Survival rate of cut branches for Aralia elata cv. 'Jeongkwang' was significantly increased when that was used for the cutting after the collection with no storage. And those survival rate was much more increased when that was stored at 80 to 90% of relative humidity than 40 to 50% of relative humidity. Number of new sprouts formed which were not stored immediately after the collection 3.2 to 3.4, and that were stored at cold storage room before cutting and cut on 1. June and 1. August were 5.1 to 5.3. Leaf growth of cut branches cut in water on 20. March started at ten days after cutting, and that on 1. June and 1. August at one to two days after cutting. Slow and mature sprout growth of Aralia elata cv. 'Jeongkwang' which were cut in water were different by the cold storage periods. Nineteen days were needed for the mature growth of sprout when cut in water on 20. March, and thirteen days on 1. August.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.287-294
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• 2007

Endophytic fungi were isolated from surface sterilized root tissues of Aralia elata and Aralia continentalis, collected from farmer's field in Chungnam province, Republic of Korea, in 2005. Based on ITS sequence analysis, 24 fungal genera were characterized from 359 isolates, belonging to 22 Ascomycota, 1 Glomeromycota and 1 Oomycota. Strumella, Rhizopycnis and Entrophospora in A. elata and Rhizopycnis and Leptosphaeria in A. continentalis were the most abundant taxa. Out of 24 genera, Entrophospora, Leptodontidium, Neoplaconema, Paraconiothyrium, Rhizopycnis, Strumella and Tumularia were new to Korea. A total of 110 isolates were tested for antifungal activities against six plant pathogenic fungi. Out of these, 39 isolates showed antifungal activity against at least one plant pathogenic fungi. Four isolates of Pyrenochaeta, 1 isolate of Entrophospora and 1 unidentified fungus strongly inhibited the growth of six plant pathogenic fungi.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.571-575
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality characteristics of noodles made with a dried powder of the shoots and leaves from $Aralia$ $elata$and $Kalopanax$ $pictus$. Ash, protein, and dietary fiber contents of $A.$ $elata$ and $K.$ $pictus$ were higher than those of wheat flour. The protein and fat contents of $K.$ $pictus$ powder were higher than those of the $A.$ $elata$ powder, but ash and dietary fiber contents were less than those of $A.$ $elata$. When the amount of $A.$ $elata$ powder increased, brightness (L) values of dough decreased, and redness (a) and yellowness (b) values of dough increased. The weight and volume of the cooked noodles also increased, as did the turbidity of the soup. Addition of $A.$ $elata$ and $K.$ $pictus$ powders in noodles reduced the cutting forces needed to cut the cooked noodles. The sensory evaluation indicates that noodles with 5% $A.$ $elata$ and $K.$ $pictus$ powder added were the most preferable.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.57-61
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• 1988

Effect of Aralia elata extract on experimentally alloxan-induced diabetes ill rabbits and toxicity of mouse were studied; $LD_50$ of Aralia elata extract (A. E. E.) was 5.5g/kg intraperitoneally ill mice. A. E. E. 800mg/kg exhibited more excellent hypoglycemic effect after 6 days and 14 days in 200mg/kg, compared to the control group. Blood urea nitrogen level was significantly decreased after 6 days in 800mg/kg. and blood levels of total cholesterol and GPT activity were showed more significant decreasing effect ill 800mg/kg than 200mg/kg.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.219-222
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• 1993

An antihyperglycemic compound in a model of alloxan induced diabetic rats was isolated from the root bark of Aralia elata. The compound identified to be oleanolic acid $28-O-{\beta}-_D-glucopyranoside$ was active at a dose of 100 mg/kg p.o. in the rats. It also has increased the contents of liver glycogen which were lowered by injection of alloxan in the rats.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.52-56
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• 1999

This study has examined the effects of Aralia elata Seemann ethanol extract on antioxidant enzyme systems inrats along with benzo($\alpha$) pyrene(B(a)P) administration . The ethanol extract of Aralia elata Seemann (50mg/kg body wt.) was fed to rats for 4 weeks by stomach tubing. The extract administration increased antioxidant activities of glutathione sulfur transferase(GST) comparing to the control. also total superoxide dismutase(SOD) and Cu, Zn-SOD activities were stimulated. Catalase activities were increased by 50% with the extract feeding compared to the control . Combined administration of B($\alpha$)P and the extract increased GST activity in B($\alpha$) P group. Although total SOD acitivity was decreased , Cu, Zn-SOD was greately increased from 0.10unit to 0.18 unit and catalase activity also was increased compared to the group of B($\alpha$) P. GST activity in CLE group was 1.32 unit, increased by 33% comparing to the group CL of 0.99unit. Cu, Zn-SOD and catalase activities in thegroup fed high fat and ethanol extracts were increased by 25% and 39%, respectivley comparing to the group of high fat. In addition , total SOD was decreased but, Cu, Zn-SOD acitivity was increased from 0.09 unit to 0.18unit. Catalase activity was 76.05 unit in the group of B($\alpha$) P and extract comparing to 65.26 units in B($\alpha$)P group. Serum $\alpha$-tocopherol of rat was markedly increased by theextract. Administration of B9$\alpha$)P reduced $\alpha$-tocopherol levels in the serum, on the other hand, lard in the diet increased $\alpha$-tocopherol levels in the serum. The above results indicate that Aralia bud exerts antioxidant functions in vivo against B($\alpha$)P. Further research may be necessary for the identification fo the biologically active material.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.39 no.8
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• pp.721-727
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• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Aralia elata, Acanthopanacis cortex and Ulmus davidiana water extracts on blood hemoglobin, $HbA_{1c}$, levels and biomarkers in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats divided into normal and diabetic groups. The diabetic groups subdivided into the control group (DM) and Araliaceae water extracts supplemented groups: Aralia elata (AE), Acanthopanacis cortex (AC) and Ulmus davidiana (UD). The extracts were supplemented in diet base on 11.42 g of raw Araliaceae/kg diet for 7 weeks. The diabetes was induced by injecting 572 (55 mg/kg B.W., i.p.) once 2 weeks before sacrifying. Relative weights of liver were significantly lowered in the DM group compared to the normal group, whereas those of kidney and heart were significantly increased in the DM group. Supplementation of the Araliaceae water extracts improved reduced liver weights in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Blood glucose level was significantly higher in the DM group than in the normal group, whereas insulin contents were significantly lowered in the DM groups. However, these parameters were normalized in the An, AC and UD supplemented groups, respectively. Blood hemoglobin and $HbA_{1c}$ levels were significantly higher in the DM group than in the normal group. When all of Araliaceae water extracts were supplemented to the diabetic rats lowered hemoglobin and $HbA_{1c}$ levels. Red blood cell, white blood cell and Lymphocyte were significantly higher in the DM group than in the normal group. The supplementation of Araliaceae family water extracts significantly lowered these parameters compared to the DM group. MCV, MCH contents were declined in the DM group, while the supplementation of Aralia elata, Acanthopanacis cortex and Ulmus davidiana water extracts elevated of these contents in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Accordingly, these results indicate that Aralia elata, Aeanthopanacis corex and Ulmus davidiana water extracts would seem to improve the blood biomarkers in STZ-induced diabetic rats.