• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.171-194
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• 2012

This study focuses on immigrant women who are married to Korean men and who live in a multicultural family situation in Gyeonggi-do. These women experience acculturative stress and marital conflict and this study aims to determine how social support seeks to mediate the effects of those stressors. The women in this study participated in activities and received services from one of Gyeonggi-do Province's civic organizations, religious organizations, or social service organizations, such as the Social Welfare Agency and the Multicultural Family Support Center. In order to verify the study's hypothesis, the researchers used the following statistical analytical methods : t-test, two-way ANOVA and multi-regression analysis. Analysis of the study's results showed that the highest degree of marital conflict was found in the sub-zones and variables that were personal. Those variable were : the difference in mindset and values (personal domain), economic problems (communal living area), a child's upbringing and education issues (third party area), and the participant's sex life (in the marital relationship). The hypothesis was tested using the research model validation and the results are summarized as follows. First, in order to analyze the relationship between the marriage migration females' acculturative stress and the impact of that stress on marriage conflict, the hierarchical regression analysis was used. It identified that a direct correlation existed between acculturative stress and marriage conflict; where a higher degree of acculturative stress was present, a higher degree of marriage conflict was found. Second, the study found a statistical significance in the correlation and relationship (${\beta}$=.208, p<0.05) between the acculturative stress of the marriage migration female and material support. In other words, the material support can be seen as having a moderating effect on the acculturative stress, which is the independent variable, and the marital conflict, which is the dependent variable.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.110-115
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• 1983

This study was to demonstrate the additional effect of fat-soluble vitamins on inhibitory action of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) saponin to lipoperoxide formation in vitro and in vivo. The ginseng saponin and vitamins were added to the substrate of linoleic acid and incubated on a shaking water-bath at $60^{\circ}C$, and the inhibitory action on lipoperoxide formation was examined by measuring the TBA value (532 nm), POV (500 nm) and EDA (electorn donating ability to ${\alpha}$, ${\alpha}$-diphenyl-${\beta}$-picrylhydrazyl at 525nm) for in vitro. The ginseng saponin and vitamins were administered to Sprague-Dawley rats (♂, 100~120g) orally, and the inhibitory effect on lipoperoxide formation was examined by measuring the TBA value in vivo. EDA to DPPH of ginseng saponin added with vitamin A and D were higher than that of ginseng saponin only. Ginseng saponin added with vitamin A and D inhibited strongly lipoperoxide formation of initial step by extension of induction period in vitro. Fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin E and A were approved the additional effect on inhibitory action of lipoperoxide formation in vitro. The additional effect of fat-soluble vitamins to ginseng saponin for inhibitory action of lipoperoxide formation was effective vitamin E and D for blood, vitamin A and E for liver in vivo.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.261-266
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• 2010

PC12 cells were differentiated into the cells of chromaffin phenotype by butyrate treatment. Cells were aggregated and formed tight cell adhesion. To investigate the molecular change in this differentiation, we examined expression levels of cell adhesion proteins and extracellular proteins during butyrate induced-differentiation of PC12 cells. Integrin ${\beta}1$, integrin ${\alpha}7$, E cadherin, VCAM, collagen-I, fibronectin, desmoglein and connexin were increased during differentiation. The levels of clusterin and secreted clusterin were also increased. These increased levels of cell adhesion proteins and extracellular proteins appear to induce cell aggregation and tight cell adhesion. The levels of p21, p27 and p16 were increased probably because of differentiation-related growth arrest during differentiation. Prolonged incubation of butyrate up to 1 day was required for differentiation. Signal transduction pathways for this differentiatiom could not be identified since various inhibitors had no effect. The results showed that butyrateinduced differentiation of PC12 cells to chromaffin cells involves tight cell adhesion and induction of extracellular proteins and cell adhesion proteins.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.70-76
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to fabricate hydroxyapatite (HA) containing titania layer by HA blasting and anodization method to obtain advantages of both methods and evaluated biocompatibility. To fabricate the HA containing titania layer on titanium, HA blasting treatment was performed followed by microarc oxidation (MAO) using the electrolyte solution of 0.04 M ${\beta}$-glycerol phosphate disodium salt n-hydrate and 0.4 M calcium acetate n-hydrate on the condition of various applied voltages (100, 150, 200, 250 V) for 3 minutes. The experimental group was divided according to the surface treatment procedure: SM (simple machined polishing treatment), HA, MAO, HA+MAO 100, HA+MAO 150, HA+MAO 200, HA+MAO 250. The wettability of surface was observed by contact angle measurement. Biocompatibility was evaluated by cell adhesion, and cell differentiation including alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium concentration with MC3T3-E1 cells. The porous titanium oxide containing HA was formed at 150 and 200 V. These surfaces had a more hydrophilic characteristic. Biocompatibility was demonstrated that HA titania composite layer on titanium showed enhanced cell adhesion, and cell differentiation. Therefore, these results suggested that HA containing titania layer on titanium was improved biological properties that could be applied as material for dental implant system.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.23-33
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• 2011

In this study, a CFPBS (Cone-type Friction Pendulum Bearing System) was developed which controls the acceleration delivered to the structure to prevent damage and degradation of the critical communication equipment in case of an earthquake. The isolation performance of the CFPBS was evaluated by numerical analysis. The CFPBS was manufactured in the shape of a cone differenced from the existing FPS (Friction Pendulum System), and a pattern was engraved on the friction surface. The natural frequencies of the CFPBS were evaluated from a free-vibration test with the seismic isolator system consisting of four CFPBSs. In order to verify its earthquake-resistant performance, a numerical analysis program was created from the equation of the CFPBS induced from the equations of motion. A simplified theoretical equation of the CFPBS was proposed to manufacture the equipment which could demonstrate the necessary performance. Artificial seismic waves satisfying the maximum earthquake scale of the Korean Building Code-Structural (KBC-2005) were created and verified to review the earthquake-resistant performance of the CFPBS by numerical analysis. The superstructural mass of the CFPBS and skew angle of the friction surface were considered for numerical analysis with El Centro NS (1940), Kobe NS (1995) and artificial seismic waves. The CFPBS isolation performance evaluation was based on the results of numerical analysis and the executed comparative analysis between the results from numerical analysis and the simplified theoretical equation under the same conditions.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.21-38
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• 2014

This study investigates whether and how a firm's cost of equity is influenced by the extent of a firms's name change. Even though corporate name change doesn't give any benefit to investors, it can be a signaling about firm's future valuation. And also, if that signaling has high credibility, it can be decrease information cost and the firm's cost of equity. on the contrary to this, if corporate name change is kind of break with the past and corporate image laundering, it is bad signaling to investors. So it can be increase information risk and the firm's cost of equity. Using yearly cross-sectional regressions of the cost of equity on our proxies for corporate name change, size, beta, market-to-book ratio and other innate risk factor over the 2005-2010, we find that the cost of capital is positively associated with corporate name change after controlling for all other factors. This result implies that corporate name change increase information risk of the business, and thus increase information asymmetries between managers and outside investors with respect to a firm's true future value. This increases information risk, and creates an adverse selection problem, on the part of outside investors. Rational investors therefore demand a premium for bearing this corporate name change-related information risk, which in turn leads us to observe a positive relation between the intensity of corporate name change and the cost of equity.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.14-27
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• 2020

Purpose: To overcome several drawbacks of chemically-crosslinked collagen membranes, modification processes such as ultraviolet (UV) crosslinking and the addition of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) to collagen membranes have been introduced. This study evaluated the efficacy and biocompatibility of BCP-supplemented UV-crosslinked collagen membrane for guided bone regeneration (GBR) in a rabbit calvarial model. Methods: Four circular bone defects (diameter, 8 mm) were created in the calvarium of 10 rabbits. Each defect was randomly allocated to one of the following groups: 1) the sham control group (spontaneous healing); 2) the M group (defect coverage with a BCP-supplemented UV-crosslinked collagen membrane and no graft material); 3) the BG (defects filled with BCP particles without membrane coverage); and 4) the BG+M group (defects filled with BCP particles and covered with a BCP-supplemented UV-crosslinked collagen membrane in a conventional GBR procedure). At 2 and 8 weeks, rabbits were sacrificed, and experimental defects were investigated histologically and by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Results: In both micro-CT and histometric analyses, the BG and BG+M groups at both 2 and 8 weeks showed significantly higher new bone formation than the control group. On micro-CT, the new bone volume of the BG+M group (48.39±5.47 ㎣) was larger than that of the BG group (38.71±2.24 ㎣, P=0.032) at 8 weeks. Histologically, greater new bone area was observed in the BG+M group than in the BG or M groups. BCP-supplemented UV-crosslinked collagen membrane did not cause an abnormal cellular reaction and was stable until 8 weeks. Conclusions: Enhanced new bone formation in GBR can be achieved by simultaneously using bone graft material and a BCP-supplemented UV-crosslinked collagen membrane, which showed high biocompatibility and resistance to degradation, making it a biocompatible alternative to chemically-crosslinked collagen membranes.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.275-283
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• 2007

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the expressions of endometriosis related genes in shed endometrial tissues from menstrual blood of patients with or without endometriosis. Methods: The shed endometrial tissues were collected on 2$^{nd}$ or 3$^{rd}$ day of menstrual cycle with Wallace catheter in patients with endometriosis (n=16) and without endometriosis (n=26). The mRNA expressions of twelve kinds of endometriosis related genes were compared between two groups using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Results: The collected shed endometrium was confirmed by histological observation. Expressions of telomerase, c-kit and aromatase mRNA were not detected by RT-PCR in shed endometrial tissues. The mRNA expressions of apoptosis related genes (fas, fas ligand, bcl-2, bax), stem cell factor, estrogen receptor-$\alpha$/$\alpha$, endometriosis protein-I and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor gene were similar between shed endometrial tissues with endometriosis and without endometriosis. Conclusion: We could not find the difference of mRNA expressions of tested endometriosis related genes between shed endometrial tissues with or without endometriosis by semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis. It may be related to the dynamical changes of gene expressions in the endometrium with menstrual cycle.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1158-1165
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• 1997

This study was designed to investigate the changes in microflora and enzyme activities of traditional kochujang during aging, which was prepared with a meju fermented for various periods of time. The number of bacteria was highest in all samples after 30 days of fermentation at $20^{\circ}C$, while that of mold in kochujang prepared with a 40-day- or 60-day-fermented meju was highest at 15th day of aging when yeast appeared. The activities of carbohydrases and proteases were highest in kochujang prepared with a 40-day-fermented meju followed by a 60-day-fermented meju. These results suggest that kochujang prepared with a meju aged for 40 days had the highest quality in terms of physicochemical, microbiological and enzyme activities of kochujang during fermentation.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.362-368
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• 2009

Roasting may lead to the formation of undesired compounds, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this study, green coffee beans were roasted under controlled conditions and the formation of PAHs during the roasting process was monitored. Roasting was performed in a hot air roaster, with an inlet air temperature varying from 150 to $250^{\circ}C$ for 5, 10, and 20 min. The PAH content of the roasted coffee was then evaluated by HPLC-FLD. The levels of total PAHs in Arabica (Colombia, Brazil) and Robusta (India) coffee samples were 1.26-215.07, 1.85-178.14, and 0.18-2.61 ${\mu}g$/kg, respectively.