• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.53 no.11
• /
• pp.41-47
• /
• 2016

High efficiency video coding (HEVC) employs a coding tree unit (CTU) to improve the coding efficiency. A CTU consists of coding units (CU), prediction units (PU), and transform units (TU). All possible block partitions should be performed on each depth level to obtain the best combination of CUs, PUs, and TUs. To reduce the complexity of block partitioning process, this paper proposes the PU mode skip algorithm with region of interest (RoI) selection using motion vector. In addition, this paper presents the CU depth level skip algorithm using the co-located block information in the previously encoded frames. First, the RoI selection algorithm distinguishes between dynamic CTUs and static CTUs and then, asymmetric motion partitioning (AMP) blocks are skipped in the static CTUs. Second, the depth level skip algorithm predicts the most probable target depth level from average depth in one CTU. The experimental results show that the proposed fast CU decision algorithm can reduce the total encoding time up to 44.8% compared to the HEVC test model (HM) 14.0 reference software encoder. Moreover, the proposed algorithm shows only 2.5% Bjontegaard delta bit rate (BDBR) loss.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.206-211
• /
• 2004

Levansucrase gene(lscA) from Pseudomonas aurantiaca was subcloned downstream of GAL1 promoter in pYES 2.0 and pYInu-AT [GAL10 promoter ＋ exoinulinase signal sequence of Kluyveromyces marxianus], resulting pYES-lscA and p YInu-lscA, respectively. The two expression plasmids were introduced into an invertase-deficient strain, Sacchromayces cerevisiae SEY2102, and transformants with high activity of levansucrase were selected. When each yeast transform ants was cultivated in medium containing galactose, the extracellular and intracellular activities of levansucrase reached about 8.62 U/ml with the strain harboring pYES-lscA and 5.43 U/ml with the strain harboring pYInu-lscA. The levansucrase activity of 80% was detected in the periplasmic space and cytoplasm. The levansucrase activity in the medium of SEY2102/pYInu-lscA was 0.87 U/ml whereas that of SEY2102/pYES-lscA was 0.47 U/ml, which implying the exoinulinase signal sequence didn't enhance the secretion efficiency of levansucrase. Furthermore, the recombinant levansucrase expressed in yeast seems to be produced as a hyper-glycosylated form.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 2004

Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy was performed for analysis of the H$_2$$^{18}$ O/H$_2$$^{16}$ O isotope ratio of a water sample which was enriched by the membrane distillation method. In order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, the wavelength modulation spectroscopic method was used with a lock-in amplifier. The fringe noise could be suppressed by using the FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) lowpass filter and the optimization of the modulation depth of the laser frequency. The maximum deviation of $\delta$-value was measured to be$\pm$4$\textperthousand$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2015.05a
• /
• pp.958-961
• /
• 2015

Emotional expression is universal and emotional state impacts important areas in our life. Until now, analyzing the acquired EEG signals under circumstances caused by invoked feelings and efforts to define their emotional state have been made mainly by psychologists based on the results. But, recently emotion-related information was released by research results that it is possible to identify mental activity through measuring and analyzing the brain EEG signals. So, this study has compared and analyzed emotional expressions of human by using brain waves. To get EEG difference for a particular emotion, we showed specific subject images to the people for changing emotions that peace, joy, sadness and stress, etc. After measured EEG signals were converged into frequence domain by FFT signal process, we have showed EEG changes in emotion as a result of the performance analyzing each respective power spectrum of delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma waves.

• STI Policy Review
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.98-111
• /
• 2014

Since Deng Xiaoping's implementation of the "One China, Two Systems" policy, mainland China and the other Chinese regions of Hong Kong and Macau have cooperated in various ways to work towards successfully developing China's overall economy and industries. Particularly, cooperation between Guangdong Province and adjoining Hong Kong have been contributing to China's development, and this study explores their industry conditions including their current two governments policies designed to promote collaboration. The two partners were in a cooperative relationship even before the handover of Hong Kong, beginning with a "front shop, back factory" model built on their respective comparative advantages in labor-intensive industries in the 1980s. This cooperation effectively propelled the Pearl River Delta Region's industrialization process and enabled Hong Kong to transform from a manufacturing industry-based economy to a service industry-based economy. From the early 2000s, Guangdong and Hong Kong diversified their collaboration project from culture to high-tech. Also, both authorities produced several types of policies not only to promote both industries but also to harmonize their two different economic levels and models. As a result, the Guangdong and Hong Kong economies have developed remarkably well during the past two decades and continue to form future plans that carry plenty of optimism. Nonetheless, this study showed discrepancies between engineers and scientists from the two areas in their perception of their technology and science cooperation. Hong Kong experts were more negative in their responses but noted some successes of the collaboration, while Guangdong's group showed overall positive responses. This difference results from an unbalanced role in cooperation. Hong Kong's side responds to cooperation plans and takes on leading roles with more frequency than Guangdong's side in actual cooperation project processes.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
• /
• 2007.10a
• /
• pp.556-559
• /
• 2007

The Urban Environmental Quality (UEQ) indicates a complex and various parameters resulting from both human and natural factors in an urban area. Vegetation, climate, air quality, and the urban infrastructure may interact to produce effects in an urban area. There are relationships among air pollution, vegetation, and degrading environmental the urban heat island (UHI) effect. This study investigates the application of multi-spectral remote sensing data from the Landsat ETM and TM sensors for the mapping of air quality and UHI intensity in Seoul from 2000 to 2006 in fine resolution (30m) using the emissivity-fusion method. The Haze Optimized Transform (HOT) correction approach has been adopted for atmospheric correction on all bands except thermal band. The general UHI values (${\Delta}(T_{urban}-T_{rural})$) are 8.45 (2000), 9.14 (2001), 8.61 (2002), and $8.41^{\circ}C$ (2006), respectively. Although the UHI values are similar during these years, the spatial coverage of "hot" surface temperature (>$24^{\circ}C$) significantly increased from 2000 to 2006 due to the rapid urban development. Furthermore, high correlations between vegetation index and land surface temperature were achieved with a correlation coefficients of 0.85 (2000), 0.81 (2001), 0.84(2002), and 0.89 (2006), respectively. Air quality is shown to be an important factor in the spatial variation of UEQ. Based on the quantifiable fine resolution satellite image parameters, UEQ can promote the understanding of the complex and dynamic factors controlling urban environment.

• Progress in Superconductivity
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.13-16
• /
• 2001

We have measured the reflectivity of superconducting infinite-layer compounds $Sr_{0.9}$ $Ln_{0.1}$ Cu $O_2$ (Ln=La, Gd, Sm) with $T_{c}$ : 39 K using a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer. We have identified the optical phonon modes from their infrared reflectivity and conductivity spectra and have proposed possible displacement patterns. The La- and the Gd-doped compounds exhibited only four ($2A_{2u}$ $+2E_{u}$) out of the five ($2A_{2u}$ $3E_{u}$) infrared-active phonons predicted by a group theoretical analysis whereas the Sm-doped compound exhibited all five modes. For the La-doped sample, we investigated the temperature dependence of the optical response functions in a wide temperature range of 7 - 300 K. In FIR region, the reflectivity is apparently enhanced below ~120 $cm^{-1}$ as temperature decreases across $T_{c}$. The value of $2$\Delta$/k_{B}$ $T_{c}$ is about 4.5, which is consistent with maximum gap value of d-wave $high- T_{c}$ cuprates.> c/ cuprates.uprates.s.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.417-429
• /
• 2018

Background: The objective of this study was to make colloidal dispersions of the active compounds of radix of Angelica gigas Nakai that could be charaterized as nano-composites using hot melt extrusion (HME). Food grade hydrophilic polymer matrices were used to disperse these compound in aqueous media. Methods and Results: Extrudate solid formulations (ESFs) mediated by various HPMCs (hydroxypropyl methylcelluloses) and Na-Alg polymers made from ultrafine powder of the radix of Angelica gigas Nakai were developed through a physical crosslink method (HME) using an ionization agent (treatment with acetic acid) and different food grade polymers [HPMCs, such as HP55, CN40H, AN6 and sodium alignate (Na-Alg)]. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the amorphization of crystal compounds in the HP55-mediated extrudate solid formulation (HP55-ESF). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis indicated a lower enthalpy (${\Delta}H=10.62J/g$) of glass transition temperature (Tg) in the HP55-ESF than in the other formulations. Infrared fourier transform spectroscopy (FT-IR) revealed that new functional groups were produced in the HP55-ESF. The content of phenolic compounds, flavonoid (including decursin and decursinol angelate) content, and antioxidant activity increased by 5, 10, and 2 times in the HP55-ESF, respectively. The production of water soluble (61.5%) nano-sized (323 nm) particles was achieved in the HP55-ESF. Conclusions: Nano-composites were developed herein utilizing melt-extruded solid dispersion technology, including food grade polymer enhanced nano dispersion (< 500 nm) of active compounds from the radix of Angelica gigas Nakai with enhanced solubility and bioavailability. These nano-composites of the radix of Angelica gigas Nakai can be developed and marketed as products with high therapeutic performance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
• /
• 1997.11a
• /
• pp.75-79
• /
• 1997

The present study was designed to investigate whether there is a consistint changes in the signals from the central and autonomic nervous systim due to olfactory stimulation. The olfactory stimuli were 0.6% orange and 2.5% valeric acid and the stimuli through the olfactory stimulator soth controlled consistint flow, controlled concentration, and saturated with vapour to prevent drying the nasal mucosa. A room air blunk served as the control stimulus, EEG was recorede from 4channels according to the international 10-20 systim. Additionally, ECG, EOG, heart rate, skin conductance and resputation were recorded comtinuously. The fast Fourier transform analysis of EEG waves was analysed with the power spectra. Averaged power spectra were computed for the following frequency bands ; delta(0-4.5Hz), theta (4.5-7Hz), alphal(7-9.5Hz), alpha2 (9.5-12.5Hz) and beta(12.5-30Hz). Withthe results of the subjective sensibility test for the ordor, the orange was related to pleasant and familiar and the valeric acid was realted to snpleasant and bothersome. There is the difference between orange and valeric acid in alphal at PG2-A2 channel. While the unpleasant stimuli seem to be increased in alphal, alpha2 and beta waves at all channels. Also, the heart rate, galvaric skin resistance seem to be decreased by pleasant stimuli and thd unpleasant stimuli shdwed the opposite. In respiration, respiration rate had been declinig tendency, and input/output ampoitued and duration showed an upward trend by olfactory stimulation with orange, while opposite by valeric acid. In conclusion, the consistent EEG changes and the autonomic responses suggests the possibilities of the subjective signal of human sensibility.

• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
• /
• 2002.04a
• /
• pp.8-10
• /
• 2002

POPs in sediments and soil in the PRD are comparable to or much higher than those reported in other regions. Some sites may be classified as POPs- polluted with high ecological risks. Large-scale land transform in the process of regional urbanization may facilitate the transfer of POPs in the soil to the sedimentary system by enhancing the soil run-off. Urban atmospheric PCBs in PRD are found to be less than some of the North American or European urbans, but PAHs are significantly higher. The center of the PRD has been the major source area of PAHs and organochlorine pesticides in the PRD. The northern part of the PRD serves as a regional sink for the air particulates and affiliated POPs.