• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.125-145
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• 1995

The study on the classification of the Chindo Islands ascidians was conducted by collecting the specimens from five localities in July and November, 1994 and the previous records. The ascidians were classified into 7 families, 11 genera and 16 species. They are all known species in Korean waters. Among them nine species were found to be new to the Chindo Is. From the standpoint of water forms, the composition of the ascidians from Chindo Is. is made up of three elements, viz., temperate (8species, 50%), temperature-tropical (7 species, 44%) and tropical (1 species, 6%) . A boreal water species and boreal-temperature species were not found . It may be attributable to the fact that the water of this area is warm because of Kuroshio Water Current.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2009

Eph receptors and their ephrin ligands have been implicated in a variety of cellular processes such as cellular morphogenesis and motility. Our previous studies demonstrated that Odin, one of the Anks family proteins, functions as a scaffolding protein of the EphA8 signaling pathway leading to modulation of cell migration or axonal outgrowth. Here we show that WDR7 is associated with Odin and that it is possibly implicated in the EphA8 signaling pathway. WD40 repeats present in the COOH-terminal region of WDR7 appear to be crucial for its association with Odin, whereas the binding motif of Odin is located in between ankyrin repeats and PTB domain. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that association of WDR7 with Odin is enhanced by ephrin ligand treatment, possibly through forming large protein complexes including both EphA8 and ephrin-A5. Consistently, immunofluorescence staining experiments suggested that WDR7 constitute a component of the large protein complexes containing Odin, EphA8 and ephrin-A5. Taken together, our results suggest the WDR7-Odin complexes might be involved in the signaling pathway downstream of the EphA8 receptor.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.19-27
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• 1993

Levels of sterols including ${\Delta}^7$-dehydrogenase isolated from the tissues of marine animal products (20 species) were determined on 1.5% OV-17 columm of gas-liquid chromatography. The composition showed that the mussels and clams contained various sterols in their tissues : cholesterol, brassicasterol. 24-methylenecholesterol with some minor components such as 22-trans-norcholesta-5,22-dien-3${\beta}$-ol, 22-cis-dehydrocholesterol, 22-trans-dehydrocholesterol, desmosterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, ${\beta}$-sitosterol, isofucosterol, and 7-dehydrocholesterol which could be converted into vitamin $D_3$ in the skin tissue of animal was present in the muscle of oyster, Crassostrea gigas. On the other hand, the others including gastropoda were predominantly composed of cholesterol. The minor sterols such as 24-methylenecholesterol, stigmasterol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol in the fish intestines are supposed to be derived from dietary plankton. Cholesterol ${\Delta}^7$-dehydrogenase which could convert cholesterol into ${\Delta}^7$-dehydrogenase was present in the pickles of Tricurus haumela intestine.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.998-1005
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• 2023

Streptococcus salivarius is a beneficial bacterium in oral cavity, and some strains of this bacterium are known to be probiotics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of S. salivarius G7 lipoteichoic acid (LTA) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LTA of periodontopathogens. The surface molecules of S. salivarius G7 was extracted, and single- or co-treated on human monocytic cells with LPS and LTA of periodontopathogens. The induction of cytokine expression was evaluated by real-time PCR and ELISA. After labeling fluorescence on LPS and LTA of periodontopathogens, it was co-treated with S. salivarius LTA to the cell. The bound LPS and LTA were measured by a flow cytometer. Also, the biding assay of the LPS and LTA to CD14 and LPS binding protein (LBP) was performed. The surface molecules of S. salivarius G7 did not induce the expression of inflammatory cytokines, and S. salivarius G7 LTA inhibited the inflammatory cytokines induced by LPS and LTA of periodontopathogens. S. salivarius G7 LTA inhibited the binding of its LPS and LTA to cells. Also, S. salivarius G7 LTA blocked the binding of its LPS and LTA to CD14 and LBP. S. salivarius G7 has an inhibitory effect on inflammation induced by LPS or LTA of periodontopathogens, and may be a candidate probiotics for prevention of periodontitis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.387-391
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• 2009

Specific IgE against Acarus siro, Glycphagus domesticus, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, and Lepidoglyphus destructor have been investigated by ELISA in sera of 92 children. Of them, 41 were found to be specific IgE positive ($\geq$ 0.35 IU/ml) against at least one of house dust mite species, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae, by an immunoblot. In 65.9% of the dust mite-sensitized children, specific IgE against at least one of these mite species was found. Sensitization levels, including co-sensitization cases were found to be 35.7% against A. siro, 24.4% against T. putrescentiae, 31.7% against L. destructor, and 26.8% against G. domesticus. In non-sensitized children, dust mite sensitization level was found to be 25.5%. Breakdown of sensitization by individual species in this group was; against A. siro and T. putrescentiae at 7.8%, against L. destructor at 13.7%, and against G. domesticus at 9.8%. When all children were reckoned, 43.5% was found to be sensitized against at least one storage mite species, with sensitizations against A. siro at 18.5%, T. putrescentiae at 26.1%, L. destructor at 21.7%, and G. domesticus at 17.4%. In dust samples collected from the dwellings of children, distribution of species was found to be A. siro (17%), G. domesticus (23%), T. putrescentiae (29%), L. destructor (25%), and unidentified (6%). In Fisher's chi-square test on SPSS program, there was a relationship between dust mite sensitization and storage mite sensitization (P < 0.05), but no meaningful relationship was found on the basis of individual mite species.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.41-56
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• 1989

The purpose of this study is to find out the basic data for irrigation plans of garlic and cucumber during the growing period, such as total amount of evapotranspiration, coefficients of evapotranspiration at each growth stage, the peak stage of evapotranspiration and the maximum evapotranspiraton, optimum irrigation point, total readily available moisture, and intervals of irrigation date. The plots of experiment were arranged with split plot design which were composed of two factors, irrigation point for main plot and soil texture for split plot, and three levels ; irrigation points with pP 1.7-2.1, pP 2.2-2.5, pP 2.6-2.8, for garlic and those with pP 1.9, pF 2.3, pP 2.7, for cucumber, soil textures of silty clay, sandy loam and sandy soil for both garlic and cucumber, with two replications. The results obtained are summarized as follows 1.There was the highest significant correlation between the avapotranspiration of garlic and cucumber and the pan evaporation, beyond all other meteorological factors considered, as mentioned in the previous paper. Therefore, the pan evaporation is enough to be used as a meteorological index measuring the quantity of evapotranspiration. 2.1/10 probability values of maximum total pan evaporation during growing period for garlic and cucumber were shown as 495.8mm and 406.8mm, respectively, and those of maximum ten day pan evaporation for garlic and cucumber, 63.8mm and 69.7mm, respectively. 3.The time that annual maximum of ten day pan evaporation can be occurred, exists at any stage between the middle of May and the late of June(harvest period) for garlic, and at any stage of growing period for cucumber. 4.The magnitude of evapotranspiration and of its coefficient for garlic and cucumber was occurred in the order of pF 1.7-2.1>pF 2.2-2.5>pF 2.6-2.8 and of pF 1.9>pF 2.3>pF2.7 respectively in aspect of irrigation point and of sandy loam>silty clay>sandy soil in aspect of soil texture for both garlic and cucumber. 5.The magnitude of leaf area index was shown in the order of pF 2.2-2.5>pF 1.7-2.1>pF 2.6-2.8 for garlic and of pF 1.9>pF 2.3>pF 2.7 for cucumber in aspect of irrigation point, and of sandy loam>sandy soil>silty clay in aspect of soil texture for both garlic and cucumber. 6.1/10 probability value of evapotranspiration and its coefficient during the growing period for garlic were shown as 391.7mm and 0.79 respectively, while those of cucumber, 423.lmm and 1.04 respectively. 7.The time the maximum evapotranspiration of garlic can be occurred is at the date of thirtieth before harvest period and the time for cucumber is presumed to be at the date of sixtieth to seventieth after transplanting, At that time, 1/10 probability value of ten day evapotranspiration and its coefficient for garlic is presumed to be 65.lmm and 1.02 respectively, while those of cucumber, 94.8mm and 1.36 respectively. 8.In aspect of irrigation point, the weight of raw garlic and cucumber were increased in the order of pF 2.2-2.5>pF 1.7-2.1>pF 2.6-2.8 and of pF 1.9>pF 2.3>pF 2.7 respectively. Therefore, optimum irrigation point for garlic and cucumber is presumed to be pF 2.2-2.5 and pF 1.9 respectively, when the significance of yield between the different irrigation treatments is considered. 9.Except the mulching period of garlic that soil moisture extraction patterns were about the same, those of garlic and cucumber have shown that maximum extraction rate exists at 7cm deep layer at the beginning stage after removing mulching for garlic and at the beginning stage of growth for cucumber and that extraction rates of 21cm to 35cm deep layer are increased as getting closer to the late stage of growth. 10.Total readily available moisture of garlic in silty clay, sandy loam, sandy soil become to be 18.71-24.96mm, 19.08-25.43mm, 10.35- 13.80mm respctively on the basis of the optimum irrigation point with pF 2.2-2.5, while that of cucumber, 11.8lmm, 12.03mm, 6.39mm respectively on the basis of the optimum irrigation point with pF 1.9. 11.The intervals of irrigation date of garlic and cucumber at the growth stage of maximum consumptive use become to be about three and a half days and one and a half days respectively, on the basis of each optimum irrgation point.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.885-892
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• 2001

The purpose at this study was comparied at effect the pulmonary function to breathing exercise(BE) in water with on land. The result was as follow: FVC(Forced Vital Capacity) was decreased 1.5% in control group, increased 1.5% in BE on land group and increased 6.5% in water group after BE, but no significant difference in water group. FEV1(forced expiratory volume at one second) was increased 0.2% in the control group, decreased 0.7% in BE on land group and increased 5.7% in BE in water group after BE, but no significant difference in water group. MVV(maximal voluntary ventilation) was significant difference in BE in water group who was increased 12.2% after BE. It was decreased 1.0% in the control group and increased 0.2% in BE on land group. VC(vital capacity) was decreased 1.5% in the control group, increased 6.2% in BE on land group and increased in BE in water group after BE, but no significant difference in water group. IC(Inspiratory Capacity) was decreased 0.5% in the control group, increased 7.5% in BE on land group and decreased 2.0% in BE in water group after BE, but no significant difference on land group. ERV(Expiratory Reserve Volume) was decreased 0.5% in the control group, increased 3.0% in BE on land group and increased 8.5% in BE in water group after BE, but no significant difference in water group.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.25-41
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• 1988

In order to provide the National Dental Health Program with dasic data, and to implove the laborartory managent style, the author studied the operational situations of dental lads through questionaire. The results are as follows, 1. Unlicensured personnel should be replaced by the licensured(from present rate lf 49.2% licensured to more than80%) 2. Minimum wage guarantee system as well as well as oage raise should be established. 3. Monthly balancing accounts system and bepreciation reserve accounts system should be established for the reasonable management. 4. Manufacturing period should be elongated from presnt 2.8 days to 5-7 days for quality betterment of the processes. 5. Medical insurance system should be applied to the dental processes. 6. Manufacturing cost should be increased by 35%. 7. Retirement grants lr retirement annuity system, improvement of occupational environ-ment, and holidays incentives, and participation in medical insurance system should be adopted for the wellfare of the dental technicians. 8. Laboratory managers should operate the lads with pride and valuation. 9. Business Management course should be included in the curriculum of the dental labo-ratory school. 10. Good relationship between Korean Association of Dental Laboratory Technicians and local laboratories shorld be improved.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.64 no.4
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• pp.575-584
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• 2021

Objective : Cervical expansive laminoplasty is an effective surgical method to address multilevel cervical spinal stenosis. During surgery, the spinous processes of C2 and C7 are usually preserved to keep the insertion points of the cervical musculature and nuchal ligament intact. In this regard, dome-like laminectomy (undercutting of C7 lamina) instead of laminoplasty is performed on C7 in selected cases. However, resection of the lamina can weaken the C7 lamina, and stress fractures may occur, but this complication has not been characterized in the literature. The objective of the present study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors for C7 laminar fracture after C7 dome-like laminectomy and its impact on clinical and radiological outcomes. Methods : Patients who underwent cervical open-door laminoplasty combined with C7 dome-like laminectomy (n=123) were classified according to the presence of C7 laminar fracture. Clinical parameters (neck/arm pain score and neck disability index) and radiologic parameters (C2-7 angle, C2-7 sagittal vertical axis, and C7-T1 angle) were compared between the groups preoperatively and at postoperatively at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. Risk factors for complications were evaluated, and a formula estimating C7 fracture risk was suggested. Results : C7 lamina fracture occurred in 32/123 (26%) patients and occurred at the bilateral isthmus in 29 patients and at the spinolaminar junction in three patients. All fractures appeared on X-ray within 3 months postoperatively, but patients did not present any neurological deterioration. The fracture spontaneously healed in 27/32 (84%) patients at 1 year and in 29/32 (91%) at 2 years. During follow-up, clinical outcomes were not significantly different between the groups. However, patients with C7 fractures showed a more lordotic C2-7 angle and kyphotic C7-T1 angle than patients without C7 fractures. C7 fracture was significantly associated with the extent of bone removal. By incorporating significant factors, the probability of C7 laminar fracture could be assessed with the formula 'Risk score = 1.08 × depth (%) + 1.03 × length (%, of the posterior height of C7 vertebral body)', and a cut-off value of 167.9% demonstrated a sensitivity of 90.3% and a specificity of 65.1% (area under the curve, 0.81). Conclusion : C7 laminar fracture can occur after C7 dome-like laminectomy when a substantial amount of lamina is resected. Although C7 fractures may not cause deleterious clinical outcomes, they can lead to an unharmonized cervical curvature. The chance of C7 fracture should be discussed in the shared decision-making process.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.245-245
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• 1994

From the active fraction, cytotoxic constituents 1-5 were isolated and identified to be 2(S)-5,7-dihydroxy-8,2'-dimethoxyflavanone (1), wogonin (5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone, 2), 5,7-dihydruxy-8,2'-dimethoxyflavone (3), 2(5) -5,7,2'-trihydroxy-8-methoxyflavanone (4), 2(S) - 5,2',5'-trihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyflavanone (5), respectively, with those of specimens$\^$1-2)/