• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.185-189
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• 1994

This study was to investigate time-dependent degradation process under various pH condition for organophosphorus(org-p) insecticides, namely Demeton-s-methyl, diazinon, Parathion, Phenthoate, and EPN in several waters. They were analysed by GC-FTD according to standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. In pH=4, diazinon showed disappearance after 14 days in chromatogram. In pH=11, org-p insecticides were almost degradable after 7 days. In this condition, effect of pH on degradation process was greater than of light. In pH=7, org-p insecticides persisted residues after 112 days except Demeton-s-methyl. In BOD5 120, 250 ppm and domestic water, org-p insecticides showed also rapid degradation process.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.287-292
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• 2004

The operator $A \; {\in} \; L(H_{i})$, the Banach algebra of bounded linear operators on the complex infinite dimensional Hilbert space $\cal H_{i}$, is said to be p-hyponormal if $(A^\ast A)^P \geq (AA^\ast)^p$ for $p\; \in \; (0,1]$. Let (equation omitted) denote the completion of (equation omitted) with respect to some crossnorm. Let $I_{i}$ be the identity operator on $H_{i}$. Letting (equation omitted), where each $A_{i}$ is p-hyponormal, it is proved that the commuting n-tuple T = ($T_1$,..., $T_{n}$) satisfies Bishop's condition ($\beta$) and that if T is Weyl then there exists a non-singular commuting n-tuple S such that T = S + F for some n-tuple F of compact operators.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.405-434
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• 2005

We establish appropriate $L^p$ estimates for a class of maximal operators $S_{\Omega}^{(\gamma)}$ on the product space $R^n\;\times\;R^m\;when\;\Omega$ lacks regularity and $1\;\le\;\gamma\;\le\;2.\;Also,\;when\;\gamma\;=\;2$, we prove the $L^p\;(2\;{\le}\;P\;<\;\infty)\;boundedness\;of\;S_{\Omega}^{(\gamma)}\;whenever\;\Omega$ is a function in a certain block space $B_q^{(0,0)}(S^{n-1}\;\times\;S^{m-1})$ (for some q > 1). Moreover, we show that the condition $\Omega\;{\in}\;B_q^{(0,0)}(S^{n-1}\;\times\;S^{m-1})$ is nearly optimal in the sense that the operator $S_{\Omega}^{(2)}$ may fail to be bounded on $L^2$ if the condition $\Omega\;{\in}\;B_q^{(0,0)}(S^{n-1}\;\times\;S^{m-1})$ is replaced by the weaker conditions $\Omega\;{\in}\;B_q^{(0,\varepsilon)}(S^{n-1}\;\times\;S^{m-1})\;for\;any\;-1\;<\;\varepsilon\;<\;0.$

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.224-239
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• 2000

This descriptive study was conducted to understand the contents and degree of parental stress level in the NICU patients, and to give a baseline data in developing nursing intervention program. Subjects were the 62 mother of hospitalized newborn in NICU of 1 University Hospital in Taejon City from May 1st, 1999 to November 30th, 1999, who agreed to take part in this study. The instrument used in this study were Parental Stressor Scales : NICU(PSS:NICU) developed by Miles et al. and validated by 3 NICU practitioners and 3 child health nursing faculties. The questionnaire has 4 dimensions and 45 items; sight and sounds of NICU(5 items), babies' appearance and behavior(19 items), parental role alteration and relationship with their baby(10 items), communication with health team(11 items). The questionnaire asks parents to rate each item on a five-point Likert type scale that ranges from (1) to (5). Total scores representing overall stress from the NICU environment are calculated by summing response to each item. A high score indicates high stress. A subscale score is calculated by summing the responses to each item in the subscale. Cronbach's α coefficients were .93. The data was analyzed as average, Frequency, Standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient by use of SPSS/PC+. The results of this study is summarized as follows ; 1. The total perceived stress level score of mothers was slightly high(3.6±.7). The highest scored dimension was 'appearance and behavior of the baby'(3.9±1.5), and next were 'relationship with their baby and parental role change'(3.5±1.4), 'communication with health team'(3.4±.9), 'sight and sounds of NICU'(3.2±.8). 2. Two variables were statistically significant with PSS:NICU total scale ; mother's perceived severity of the baby's condition (r=.482, P=.002) and mother's religious attendance(t=2.83, P=.01). The more the mother perceive their baby's condition severe, the higher the total stress score. There were high stress score noted in the mother of no religious attendance. 3. Four variables were statistically significant with NICU environment subscale ; mother's educational background(F=3.45, P=.04), religious attendance(t=2.28, P=.04), sex of the baby(t=2.83, P=.01) and NICU patients' hospital day(r=.359, P=.004). That is mother with high educational background and girl baby were high NICU environment subscale score. 4. Four variables were statistically significant with appearance and behavior of the baby subscale ; when first saw baby(F=3.52, P=.04), incubator care(t=2.83, P=.01), mother's perceived severity of the baby's condition(r=.303, P=.017), number of NICU visit(r=.441, P=.002). That is, seeing the baby first in the NICU and recieved incubator care was very stressful. Also, the more the mother perceive their baby's condition severe and more NICU visit, the higher the appearance and behavior of the baby subscale stress score. 5. Four variables were statistically significant with relationship with their baby and parental role change subscale ; when first saw baby(F=3.37, P=.04), sex of the baby(t=2.36, P=.03), incubator care(t=5.60, P=.00), mother's perceived severity of the baby's condition(r=.401, P=.001). That is, seeing the baby first in the NICU and girl baby was very stressful. Also, the more the mother perceive their baby's condition severe, the higher the relationship with their baby and parental role change subscale stress score. 6. Three variables were statistically significant with communication with health team subscale ; mother's educational background (F=3.63, P=.04), incubator care(t=4.24, P=.00), gestational age(r=-.394, P=.047), and birth weight(r=-.460, P=.004). That is, mother with high educational background and receiving incubator care were high communication with health team subscale score. Also, the shorter the gestational age and smaller the baby's birth weight, the higher the communication with health team subscale score. In conclusion, information about physical environment of NICU, the mother's perceived severity of baby's illness state, maternal role change related variables and the knowledge of characteristics of NICU patients must be included in nursing intervention program of mother's of NICU patients in reducing the maternal stress and anxiety level.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.207-216
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• 2021

본 연구는 경남 창원시내에 거주하는 20~40대 여성 315명을 조사대상으로 하여 단순무작위추출(simple landom sampling)하여 설문지조사 방법에 의해 자기 기록식으로 기록하였다. 본 연구는 피부상태에 따른 피부의 유형을 세안 후 30분간 아무것도 바르지 않은 상태에서 뺨부위를 검진법을 통하여 체크하여 지성, 중성, 건성, 지루성으로 구분하여 각 조건들과의 상호작용을 알아보았다. 각 요인들간의 관련성을 알아보기 위해 X²-검정을 실시하였으며, 자료처리는 PC/SAS를 이용하였다. 대상자의 일반적 특성과 피부상태에서 연령, 직장 및 결혼 여부는 통계적으로 유의성이 있었다(p<0.01). 연령이 많을수록 건성으로 진행되는 경향이 있고 직장여성과 기혼여성일 경우 건성의 비율이 높은 편이었다. 스트레스 후 피부반응과 일반적인 특성 및 생리적 현상과의 관련성에서 여드름이 나는 부위와 배변횟수 사이에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었고, 각 X²-검정의 값은 42.961(P<0.01), 7.345(P<0.05)였다. 피부트러블반응과 여드름 나는 시기와의 사이에는 유의성이 인정되었다(P<0.01).

• 대한수학회보
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.685-690
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• 2000

In this paper, we consider the jump number of the split P[S] of a subset S ordered set P. $For\ x\in\ P,\ we\ show\ that\ s(P)\leq\ s(P[x]\leq\ s(P)+2$ and give a necessary and sufficient condition for which s(P[x])=s(P).

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.701-716
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• 2016

We establish a tripled coincidence and common tripled fixed point theorem for hybrid pair of mappings satisfying new contractive condition. To find tripled coincidence points, we do not use the continuity of any mapping involved therein. An example is also given to validate our result. We improve, extend and generalize several known results.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.591-599
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to find some equivalent condition of weakly nonsingular congruence on S-system $M_S$ and this study, we consider p-injective S-system and large subsystem.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.266-269
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• 2006

송이버섯 균사체의 biomass를 위한 최적조건을 규명한 결과, 균사체 spot배양을 위한 최적 조건은 MMN배지를 사용하여 pH 5.5에서 탄소원으로 현미를 3% 첨가 하여 $24^{\circ}C$에서 35일 배양 시 최적인 것으로 판단하였으며, 송이버섯 균사체 Biomass를 위한 bioreactor의 배양 최적조건은 PDMP배지를 사용하여 $18^{\circ}C$에서 60일 배양 시 reactor의 반응은 최적의 상태를 나타낼 수 있을 것이라 판단되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.367-378
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• 1994

Let P and Q be probability measures of a measurable space $(\Omega, F)$, and ${F_n}_{n \geq 1}$ be a sequence of increasing sub $\sigma$-fields which generates F. For each $n \geq 1$, let $P_n$ and $Q_n$ be the restrictions of P and Q to $F_n$, respectively. Under the assumption that $Q_n \ll P_n$ for every $n \geq 1$, a zero-one condition is derived for P and Q to have the dichotomy, i.e., either $Q \ll P$ or $Q \perp P$. Then using this condition and the Kolmogorov's zero-one law, we give new and simple proofs of the dichotomy theorems for a pair of Gaussian measures and Poisson processes with examples.