• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.135-144
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• 2017

Objectives : Various cultivation methods can be found suggested in Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑) Naegyeongpyeon(內景篇) ranging from Juchenhwahu(周天火候), massage(按摩), physical and breathing exercise(導引), fetal breathing(胎息), clicking teeth(叩齒), saliva swallowing (嚥液), sounding the celestial drum(鳴天鼓), Six words(六字訣), Seven step(七星步), God pillow method(神枕法), and Taoism. Methods : The cultivation methods in Donguibogam are mainly found in the first volume of Naegyeongpyeon, and some can be discovered in Oehyeongpyeon(外形篇) and Japbyeongpyeon(雜病篇). This paper aims to study the system and special features of the cultivation methods that unfold within the first volume of Naegyeongpyeon. Results : Donguibogam's cultivation methods are Jing-Qi-Shen cultivation method(精氣神養生法), and Naegyeongpyeon's Sinhyeong(身形) can be described as a collection of general remarks, and Jing(精), Qi(氣), and Shen(神) is dealt individually. The condition for Jing culvation is not to spill sperm, Qi cultivation is to control the breathing, and Shen culviation is having a calm mind. Conclusions : The Jing-Qi-Shen cultivation method of Donguibogam revolves around Taoism integrated with Buddhism. It places importance in the cultivation of the Inner Center(內丹), and emphasizes Shen in particular among Jing, Qi, and Shen.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.100-109
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• 2013

Objectives : "Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑)" is a medical book of the Joseon Dynasty compiled by Heo Jun and was first published in 1613. It recorded a great deal of prescriptions which contained pork and gave detailed explanations of parts of pork's natural properties and effects. Pork is widely used as a food ingredient in the world but the traditional medicine community has a contraindication of pork and traditional herbal medicines taken together. The aim of this study was to find the supports to develop pork functional foods for the treatment of diseases in "Donguibogam". Methods : Therefore we investigated the documents recorded in "Donguibogam" about usefulness of pork which were used for not only a food ingredient but also a medicine. Results : "Donguibogam" introduced 25 parts of pork including liver, kidney, stomach, bladder, heart etc, and a variety of taking ways i.e. common usages which are internal, external, common use, and aid use which cure a variety of diseases not a simple food but a therapies food. Conclusions : We confirmed that pork has been used to treat many diseases, so we propose to develop pork functional foods available for prevention and cure of certain diseases.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.107-130
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• 2020

Objectives : This paper aims to lay out the meaning of Gongjindan, its indications and mechanisms based on relevant contents in the 『Donguibogam』, for better clinical application. Methods : First, Gongjindan related contents were searched in the medical classics database. Next, contents from the 『Shizhaibaiyixuanfang』 and the 『Donguibogam』 were analyzed. Finally, the properties of the Gongjindan ingredients were examined based on the 『Donguibogam』 and the 『Zhongyaodacidian』. Results & Conclusions : Examination of its indications according to the 『Donguibogam』 in terms of applicable age and viscera/bowels, Gongjindan could be applied to children with constitutional insufficiency and elder generations, but it could not be said to be most appropriate for older generations. In regards to viscera/bowels, Gongjindan sends water upwards into fire in the water-rising-fire-descending mechanism, which makes it applicable to symptoms of anxiety and fear by tonifying the consumed Jing and Blood caused by Liver deficiency. To summarize, those who would most benefit from Gongjindan are young adults in weak, fearful and lethargic conditions.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2017

This study utilized Corpus-based Analysis process to compare the Cold Pathogen chapter in the 'English version of "Donguibogam"' to the 'English version of the "Shanghanlun"' translated by 罗希文 (Luo xi wen). Results of the linguistic analysis indicate that TTR, a ratio of number of types to number of tokens in the English version of "Shanghanlun" was 5.92% while TTR in the Cold pathogen chapter of English version of "Donguibogam" was 6.01%. It was also noted that the types of words frequently appearing in the two publications were the scientific name of medicinal herbs; the method of producing the herbal prescription (including terminology representing weights and measures); and Chinese descriptions of concepts considered important in both Korean and Chinese medicinal practices. Finally, it was possible to find points of comparison in naming of symptoms, diagnosis, prescriptions, and respective names of six meridians. Though the language difference is minimal, the vocabulary found in the Cold Pathogen chapter of "Donguibogam" was more diverse than Luo's translation of "Sanghanlun". In general, literal translation in keeping with the sense of original text was better performed in Luo's translation of the "Sanghanlun" whereas the English version of the Cold Pathogen chapter in the "Donguibogam" was more of a "free" translation.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.73-86
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• 2019

Objectives : In spite of the difficulty of getting Agarwood, the number of species of wild Agarwood is rapidly decreasing by insistent demands. Here, we investigate how various formula of Agarwood is used so that we can make use of them more helpful in clinics today. Methods : Determining the range of 'the Sovereign and Minister' component more than 12.96%" or 'equally used', this study distinguished whether Agarwood is used as 'the Sovereign and Minister' component among 409 Agarwood formulas in "Sheng ji zong lu(聖濟總錄)" and 103 Agarwood formulas in "Donguibogam (東醫寶鑑)". Additionally, we analyzed the component ratio of Agarwood, and also the usage in Deficiency-Excess pattern. Results : Among Agarwood formulas in "Sheng ji zong lu" and "Donguibogam", each percentage of Agarwood formulas which Agarwood comprises 'the Sovereign and Minister' component was 26%(106/406) and 13%(13/99). Analyzing these formulas of "Sheng ji zong lu", 53 formulas were used in Deficiency pattern and other 53 formulas were used in Excess pattern. Also in "Donguibogam", 6 formulas were used in each Deficiency pattern and Excess pattern, and only 1 formula in both of Deficiency and Excess pattern. Conclusions : Showing almost equal ratio of usage in Deficiency-Excess pattern, this study showed that those Agarwood formulas of "Sheng ji zong lu" and "Donguibogam" which Agarwood comprises 'the Sovereign and Minister' component can be used in both Deficiency-Excess pattern evenly.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.55-65
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• 2010

The narration of "Donguibogam" is focused on humans whilst medical books before it focused on diseases. This is shown from the first subtitle of External Body(身形門) chapter, [The Origin of Hyung-Ki(形氣之始)]. The contents of [The Origin of Hyung-Ki] explains that the human body is composed of 'Hyung(形)' and 'Ki(氣)' This perspective is shown throughout "Donguibogam". First, in the aspect of construction, the viewpoint is shown from the JipRye(集例). It divides the body into inside and outside, which is a result of Hyung-Ki perspective. This continues in the table of contents. Naegyeongpyeon(內景) and Oehyeongpyeon(外形) describes the inside and outside of the body, in other words 'Hyung-Ki'. Japbyeongpyeon(雜病) describes complex illnesses with mixed insides and outsides. Tangaekpyeon(湯液) and Chimgupyeon(鍼灸) can be understood as division of treatment methods into inside and outside. When we look at the contents, the human body is created on the basis of the essence and vital energy of the world. Cheon-Ki becomes the 'Ki' that forms the functions of the body, while Ji-Ki becomes the 'Hyung' that constructs the bodily structure. It is considered that 'Hyung' is composed of SaDae(the body essence, vital energy, mentality and blood), and 'Ki' is composed of OSang(the five Jang organs and six Bu organs). 'Hyung' and 'Ki' show various appearances according to physiology and pathology. 'Hyung' is especially shown by obesity or thinness, 'Ki' by color. The obese may have Ki deficiency, coldness, dampness or phlegm. The thin could have blood deficiency, heat, fire or dryness. The color could show the pathology of the five Jang organs by the five colors, but it can simply be divided into black and white, where black means Eum deficiency, and white means Yang deficiency. It is said that the distinctive feature of traditional Korean medicine is that it is a constitutional medicine. In this perspective, further study on 'Hyung-Ki' is of value. If "Donguibogam" was the foundation of the Sasang Constitutional Medicine(四象醫學), study on 'Hyung-Ki' means searching for the origin of the Sasang Constitutional Medicine. Also, the study on Sasang Constitutional Medicine and Hyungsang medicine(形象醫學) will show the modern image of "Donguibogam". Hence, interchange study between "Donguibogam", Sasang Constitutional Medicine and Hyungsang medicine through the term 'Hyung-Ki' could hopefully lead to academic progression.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Oriental Medical Informatics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.25-156
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• 2014

This thesis is consisted of studying of the medical literature about Five sense of organs. Five sense of organs are the eyes, tongue, mouth, nose and ears. Five sense of organs are performed human senses which external sensory information by accepting an important feature for maintaining the biological activity to be performed. The contents was compiled up to the Donguibogam to Chinese literature and documents encompass the Korea medical literature, Donguibogam related to the senses to identify the citation of each chapter, the actual quotation through doctrine and other publications revealed that the citation is to investigate how accurately identified through studying the analysis and observation. It is as following as I observed carefully the senses of Donguibogam quotations related to each other through doctrine and publishment institution follows in order of dynasties. There are four volumes of Han-dynasty, one volume of Weijinnanbei-Era, two volumes of Tang-dynasty, nineteen volumes of SongJinYuan-dynasty, seven volumes of Ming-dynasty as Chinese medical literature. There are four volumes of Chosun-dynasty as Korean medical literature. It is the most quotation publishment that the books of SongJinYuan-dynasty of above thirty-six-volume. It is the latest quotation book that is Gujinyigan in Chinese medical literature and Euirimchwalyo in Korean medical literature. It is very positive quotation considering even Donguibogam publishment year in 1613. The reference books are four volumes of Chosun-dynasty as Korean medical literature and thirty-two-volume of Chinese medical literature. By observing the quotation frequency, 157 times in Sheyideaiofang, 115 times in Yixuerumen, 74 times in Yixuegangmu, 39 times in Wanbinghuichun, 31 times in Euibangryuchwi, 30 times in Renzhezhizhifang and Gujinyigan, 28 times in Danxixinfafuyu, 23 times Hwangdineijing, 17 times in Nanshibizang and Yixuezhengchuan. Other else books have been cited less than 10 times. It might be made error that did not find the source of the books even though cited reference, also even though defining the source of reference it is only rare reference book. As mention above, there are a lot of discovering as the feature of reference Publications. Most of all we could find out the reference literature cited in Donguibogam, however we couldn't clarify other books in original books. Thus, we should remember that it did not coincide with cited marks when studying the Donguibogam.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.77-87
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• 2005

Objectives: This analysis of prescription used for low back pain in the Yomun(腰門) chapter of ${\ll}$Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑); The Precious Mirror of Oriental Medicine${\gg}$ is designed to be helpful to practical use of clinics. Methods : Proscriptions used for low back pain in the Yomun(腰門) chapter of ${\ll}$Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑)${\gg}$ were classified and analyzed according to the frequency of proscriptions and the characteristics of each herbs in proscriptions(efficacy, used frequency, related organs etc.) Results and conclusions : After analysis, we obtained the following results : 1. The causes of low back pain are mainly eohyeol(瘀血), yangheo(陽虛), punghanseub(風寒濕). In care of low back pain, I suppose more efficiency that if Angelica gigas NAKAI(當歸) Cnidium officinale MAKINO(三芎) Prunus persica BATSCH(桃仁) is added when the cause is eohyeol(瘀血), or if Psoralea corylifolia L.(破古紙), Cinnamomum cassia PRESL(肉桂), Foeniculum vulare MILL(茴香), Eucommia ulmoides OLIV.(杜冲), Citrus unshiu MARKOVICH(陳皮) are added when the cause is yangheo(陽虛), or if Phellodendron amurense RUPR.(黃柏), Notopterygium incisum TING(羌活), Atractylodes Japonica KOIDZ.(蒼朮) are added when the cause is punghanseub(風寒濕).

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.85-108
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• 2014

Objectives: Chiljeong means the basic emotions containing joy, anger, anxiety, depression, fear and fright in Korean traditional medicine. Chiljeong was considered as a cause diseases or syndrome. The pathology of Chiljeong described the action of the gi and the principle of eumyangohaeng. When we treat the psychiatric symptoms in Korean traditional medicine, we need to understand the pathologic mechanism of Chiljeong. Methods: We extract the sentences regarding Chiljeong, Oji, Chilgi and Gugi along with the related words in Donguibogam. We analyze the selected sentences and classify the pathologic mechanism according to the general and seven emotions. Results: We found that several parts were related to Chiljeong, except the Sinmun, including the psychiatric symptoms in Donguibogam. Conclusions: The most frequently mentioned affected areas of basic Jangbu are Sim and Gan. The pathologic mechanism of general emotion was categorized by sentences into 4 groups, Giul, Dameum, Hwa and Heo.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.127-139
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• 2018

Objectives : The quotation of Seongyeong found in the chapter of danjeonyusam in Donguibogam uses a type of allocation of Gi(氣), Sin(神), and Jeong(精) each in Upper, Middle and Lower, three Danjeon, that is different from the type was widely accepted at the time. The paper attempts to interpret this in a new way. Methods : The paper collected the understanding of Jeong-Gi-Sin found in the Korean medicine based on Naedan Theory of Taoism, and tried to approach and structurally analyze the contents of Seongyeong, Ojinpyeonju, and Hwanggeuggyeongseseo found in Donguibogam's danjeonyusam. Results : The control of the body by Gi stored in Upper Danjeon is related to brain function, control of Gi at Lower Danjeon which preserves Jeong in Kidney is related to proliferation of Original Qi from kidney region throughout the body by triple energizers. Sin located at Middle Danjeon is contrasted with Jeong in Lower Danjeon, and Sin controls activity of life in the part between body and Gi. Conclusions : A new understanding on the assignment of Jeong-Gi-Sin in Seongyeong is possible, and it is expected to contribute to the future study of Korean Medicine and Taoism.