Research in Plant Disease (식물병연구)

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
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First Report of Charcoal Rot Caused by Macrophomina phaseolina on Glycine max in Korea

Macrophomina phaseolina에 의한 콩 균핵마름병(가칭) 발생

  • Ko, Young Mi (Hwaseong city Agricultural Technology Center) ;
  • Choi, Jiyoung (Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture, Life & Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Lee, Yeong Hee (Division of Horticultural Environment, NHRI) ;
  • Kim, Heung Tae (Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture, Life & Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University)
  • 고영미 (화성시농업기술센터) ;
  • 최지영 (충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 식물의학과) ;
  • 이영희 (국립원예특작과학원) ;
  • 김흥태 (충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 식물의학과)
  • Received : 2020.02.26
  • Accepted : 2020.03.21
  • Published : 2020.03.31
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Abstract

Stem blight symptom of soybean was severely developed in 2016 in Hwaseong and Yeoncheon. During the seedling period, the damping-off of seedlings and the brown or black spots of cotyledons were observed. After August, the leaves began to be yellowed, and partially browned areas on leaves began to develop. After September, microsclerotia began to form even on the surface of the stems that had exhibited water-soaking symptom. After mid-October of the harvest season, the epidermis of the stem was peeled off, resulting in the formation of a large number of microsclerotia in the cortex. The pathogens isolated from these symptoms were the best in mycelial growth at 32-35℃, and the formation of microsclerotia was the most at 20-28℃. The pathogen was identified as Macrophomina phaseolina through the morphological characteristics of the pathogen and the sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region gene. In addition, when inoculated with a soybean stem using toothpicks cultured with the pathogen, the same symptoms as seen on the soybean field occurred. When the pathogen was re-isolated at the lesion site, the same pathogen was isolated and identified as Macrophomina phaseolina. Based on the results, the disease is reported as soybean charcoal rot.

2016년 콩을 재배하는 포장에서 마름 증상에 의한 콩의 피해가 심하게 발생하였다. 유묘기 때에는 잘록 증상과 자엽에 갈색 또는 검은 색의 반점이 나타나기 시작하다가, 8월 이후 개화기에는 지상부 잎이 황화되기 시작하면서 부분적으로 갈변되었다. 이 시기에 채집한 콩의 뿌리는 생육이 많이 억제된 상태이며, 표피가 벗겨지면서 균핵이 형성되기 시작하였다. 9월 이후부터는 지상부의 마름 증상이 더 뚜렷해졌으며 고사하기 시작하였고, 수침상 병징을 보이던 줄기에도 균핵이 형성되었다. 수확기인 10월 중순 이후에는 줄기의 표피가 벗겨지면서 피층 부위에 소립균핵이 다량으로 형성되었다. 이런 병징으로부터 분리한 병원균은 32-35℃에서 균사 생육이 가장 양호하였고, 소립균핵의 형성은 20-28℃에서 가장 많았다. 병원균의 균학적인 형태 관찰과 internal transcribed spacer 영역 유전자의 염기서열 분석을 실시한 결과, 병원균은 Macrophomina phaseolina로 동정되었다. 또한 이쑤시개를 이용한 인공접종에서도 포장에서와 같은 병징을 보였을 뿐만 아니라, 재분리에서도 동일한 병원균이 분리·동정되었다. 그 결과 이 병을 콩 균핵마름병(가칭)으로 보고하는 바이다.

Keywords

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