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Occurrence of Jujube Witches' Broom Disease and Control Efficacy of Trunk Injection with Oxytetracycline in Boeun Area from 2018 to 2019

2018-2019년 보은지역 대추나무 빗자루병 발생 및 옥시테트라사이클린 수간주사 방제 효과

  • Kang, Hyo-Jung (Jujube Research Institute, Chungcheongbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Choe, Seonghui (Jujube Research Institute, Chungcheongbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Lee, Kyeong Hee (Jujube Research Institute, Chungcheongbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Park, Heesoon (Jujube Research Institute, Chungcheongbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Oh, Ha Kyung (Jujube Research Institute, Chungcheongbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Lee, Seongkyun (Horticultural Research Department, Chungcheongbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Shin, Hyunman (Jujube Research Institute, Chungcheongbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services)
  • 강효중 (충청북도농업기술원 대추연구소) ;
  • 최성희 (충청북도농업기술원 대추연구소) ;
  • 이경희 (충청북도농업기술원 대추연구소) ;
  • 박희순 (충청북도농업기술원 대추연구소) ;
  • 오하경 (충청북도농업기술원 대추연구소) ;
  • 이성균 (충청북도농업기술원 원예연구과) ;
  • 신현만 (충청북도농업기술원 대추연구소)
  • Received : 2020.02.14
  • Accepted : 2020.03.22
  • Published : 2020.03.31

Abstract

Jujube witches' broom (JWB) disease is a high-risk plant disease that occurred on and devastated jujube orchards throughout South Korea in the 1950s. Recently, as the jujube cultivation area has been significantly increased nationwide, we investigated the disease in jujube orchards in the Boeun region to obtain basic information for proactively evaluating the risk of JWB outbreaks from 2017 to 2019. A field trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of the trunk injection of Sungbocycline (a. i. oxytetracycline calcium alkyl trimethyl ammonium 17%, OTC). The incidence of JWB disease was very low in Boeun, but it was gradually increased mainly in the area and on the farms where it had occurred previously. The trunk injection with OTC was most effective in the early stages of growth. However, even though the trees were treated with OTC, disease symptoms appeared in other healthy branches in severely affected trees. When the tree was first injected with OTC in June, the control efficacy of second injection was higher one month after the first injection than five months. These results suggest that early diagnosis based on various symptoms and early control based on them can be very effective in preventing JWB disease in advance and increasing control efficacy.

대추나무 빗자루병은 1950년대에 남한지역에 대발생하여 대추 재배지를 황폐화시킨 고위험 식물병이다. 최근 전국적으로 대추 재배면적이 크게 증가하고 있어 빗자루병 대발생 위험성을 사전에 파악하기 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 2017년과 2019년에 걸쳐 보은 지역의 대추 과원에서 병조사를 하였다. 또한, 빗자루병 조기 진단에 활용할 수 있는 다양한 병징을 찾아내고, 성보싸이클린수화제(OTC, 옥시테트라사이클린칼슘알킬트리메틸암모늄 수화제, 유효성분 17%)의 수간주사 방제효과 증진을 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 그 결과 현재까지 충북 보은 지역의 대추나무 빗자루병 발병률(이병주율)은 매우 낮았으나, 발생 지역과 발생 농가를 중심으로 점차 의미 있게 증가하고 있었다. OTC 방제시험 결과 처리 시기는 대추나무 생육 초기가 가장 효과적이었다. 그러나 발병이 심한 나무에서는 수간주사 후 당해 연도에도 같은 나무의 다른 건전한 가지에서 병징이 발현되었다. 6월에 1차 수간주사를 한 처리에서 2차 수간주사는 5개월 후보다 한 달 후에 하였을 때 방제효과가 더 좋았다. 이러한 결과는 조기 병징을 활용한 진단과 이를 근거로 한 조기 방제가 빗자루병 피해를 사전에 차단하고 병 방제효과를 높이는 데 매우 효과적일 수 있음을 시사한다.

Keywords

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