Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology

  • 제13권1호
  • /
  • Pages.26-30
  • /
  • 2011
  • /
  • 2508-691X(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2508-6960(eISSN)
대한임상신경생리학회 (The Korean Society of Clinical Neurophysiology)
권호 표지

주기편측간질모양방전은 발작현상이 아니라 단지 급성 뇌손상을 반영하는 것이다

Periodic Lateralized Epileptiform Discharges Are Not Ictal Phenomenon, and Just Reflect an Acute Brain Damage

  • 이상암 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 신경과)
  • Lee, Sang-Ahm (Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
  • 투고 : 2011.05.01
  • 심사 : 2011.05.12
  • 발행 : 2011.06.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Although the pathophysiologic mechanism is unknown, there has been long-running debate on whether periodic discharges such as periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDs) and generalized periodic epileptiform discharges are an ictal or interictal EEG pattern. The goal of this review is to give evidence that such periodic discharges on EEG are not ictal phenomenon and just represent underlying acute brain damage. This review includes coma with epileptiform EEG pattern and its prognostic and therapeutic implications. Based on previous reports, rather than taking the view PLEDs represent either an underlying ictal process or an electrographic correlate of neuronal injury, it would be more reasonable that PLEDs are considered as a dynamic pathophysiological state in which unstable neurobiological processes create an ictal-interictal continuum.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Chatrian GE, Shaw CM, Leffman H. The significance of periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges in EEG: an electrographic clinical and pathologic study. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1964;17:77-93.
  2. Hughes JR, Schlagenhauff RE. The periodically recurring focal discharge. Epilepsia 1965;6:156-166. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1965.tb03785.x
  3. Brenner RP. EEG in convulsive and nonconvulsive status epilepticus. J Clin Neurophysiol 2004;21:319-331.
  4. Kaplan PW. Nonconvulsive status epilepticus in the emergency room. Epilepsia 1996;37:643-650. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1996.tb00628.x
  5. Kaplan PW. Behavioral manifestations of nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Epilepsy Behav 2002;3:122-139. https://doi.org/10.1006/ebeh.2002.0336
  6. Bauer G, Trinka E. Nonconvulsive status epilepticus and coma. Epilepsia 2010;51:177-190. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02297.x
  7. Bauer G. Coma and brain death. In: Niedermeyer E, Lopes da Silva F. Electroencephalography. Basic principles, clinical applications, and related fields. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2005;471-487.
  8. Lux AL. Is hypsarrhythmia a form of non-convulsive status epilepticus in infants? Acta Neurol Scand 2007;115:37-44.
  9. Claassen J, Hirsch LJ, Emerson RG, Bates JE, Thompson TB, Mayer SA. Continuous EEG monitoring and midazolam infusion for refractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Neurology 2001;57:1036-1042.
  10. Jordan KG. Nonconvulsive status epilepticus in acute brain injury. J Clin Neurophysiol 1999;16:332-340. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004691-199907000-00005
  11. Aminoff JM. Do nonconvulsive seizures damage the brain? - No. Arch Neurol 1998;55:119-120. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.55.1.119
  12. Young GB, Jordan KG, Doig GS. An assessment of nonconvulsive seizures in the intensive care unit using continuous EEG monitoring: an investigation of variables associated with mortality. Neurology 1996;47:83-89. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.47.1.83
  13. DeLorenzo RJ, Waterhouse EJ, Towne AR, Boggs JG, DeLorenzo GA, Brown A, et al. Persistent nonconvulsive status epilepticus after the control of convulsive status epilepticus. Epilepsia 1998;39:833-840. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1998.tb01177.x
  14. Hesdorffer DC, Logroscino G, Cascino G, Annegers JF, Hauser WA. Incidence of status epilepticus in Rochester, Minnesota 1965-1984. Neurology 1998;50:735-741. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.50.3.735
  15. Young GB, Goodenough P, Jacono V. Periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDs); electrographic and clinical features. Am J EEG Technol 1988;28:1-13.
  16. Lothman EW, Bertram EH, Bekenstein JW, Perlin JB. Selfsustaining limbic status epilepticus induced by 'continuous' hippocampal stimulation: electrographic and behavioral characteristics. Epilepsy Res 1989;3:107-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/0920-1211(89)90038-7
  17. Reiher J, Rivest J, Grand'Maison F, Leduc CP. Periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges with transitional rhythmic discharges: association with seizures. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1991;78:12-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4694(91)90013-T
  18. Pohlmann-Eden B, Hoch DB, Cochius JI, Chiappa KH. Periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges-a critical review. J Clin Neurophysiol 1996;13:519-530. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004691-199611000-00007
  19. Gross DW, Quesney LF, Sadikot AF. Chronic periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges during sleep in a patient with caudate nucleus atrophy: insights into the anatomical circuitry of PLEDs. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1998;107:434-438. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4694(98)00103-5
  20. Niedermeyer E. Epileptic seizure disorders. In: Niedermeyer E, Lopes da Silva F. Electroencephalography. Basic principles, clinical applications, and related fields. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2005;505-619.
  21. Shneker BF, Fountain NB. Assessment of acute morbidity and mortality in nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Neurology 2003;61:1066-1073. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.WNL.0000082653.40257.0B
  22. Rossetti AO, Logroscino G, Liaudet L, Ruffieux C, Ribordy V, Schaller MD, et al. Status epilepticus. An independent outcome predictor after cerebral anoxia. Neurology 2007;69:255-260. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000265819.36639.e0
  23. Treiman DM. Controversies in clinical neurophysiology: which EEG patterns of status epilepticus warrant emergent treatment? J Clin Neurophysiol 1997;14:159.
  24. Sharbrough FW. Controversies in clinical neurophysiology: Which EEG patterns of status epilepticus warrant emergent pharmacologic treatment. J Clin Neurophysiol 1997;14:159.
  25. Kaplan PW. Assessing the outcome in patients with nonconvulsive status epilepticus: nonconvulsive status epilepticus is underdiagnosed, potentially overtreated, and confounded by comorbidity. J Clin Neurophysiol 1999;16:341-352. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004691-199907000-00006
  26. Fountain NB, Waldman WA. Effects of benzodiazepines on triphasic waves: implications for nonconvulsive status epilepticus. J Clin Neurophysiol 2001;18:345-352. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004691-200107000-00006