• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.134-140
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• 2018

Background: The extract of Abies holophylla is used as an ingredient in cosmetics. This study assessed the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the material remaining after the extract is used. Methods and Results: The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging abilities were assessed to determined the free radical scavenging activity. The total phenol and flavonoid contents were determined to measure the antioxidant activity. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of the resudual extract were higher (95.61 - 99.42% and 74.26 - 77.98% in water extract respectively) than those of the positive control. In 50% EtOH extract, the total phenol content was $389.84mg{\cdot}GAE/m{\ell}$, and the total flavonoid was $0.15mg{\cdot}QE/m{\ell}$. The minimum inhibition concentration degree for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was < 8 to < $125{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ compared to that of the positive control in all extracts. The clear zone against S. aureus was found to be $12.2{\pm}3.8mm$. Conclusions: The A. holophylla byproducts were found to have antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Therefore, the materials remaining after the A. holophylla extract is used in cosmetics has potential functional uses.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2010

Emerging of antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria is now a very serious problem in the clinics to treat the diseases, which have been easy to cure by antibiotic treatments before. Unfortunately, antibiotics developed till now are not effective any more against the resistant bacteria. Lots of efforts to discover new antibiotics having novel and unique structures and functions are really urgent and undergoing in the whole world. In this study, we tried to screen and isolate Same unique bacterial strains producing antibacterial substances from the sea water, which is the poor environment for bacteria 10 make their growing. Three bacterial strains among 916 strains isolated showed inhibition clear zone on the marine agar plate growing pathogenic bacteria including Acinetobacter baumannii, Edwardsiella tarda, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica. One of them, which was identified as Bacillus sp. DH-9 from 16S rRNA gene analysis, showed especially considerable antibacterial activity against S. aureus which is notorious for methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The growth of S. aureus was totally inhibited when the supernatant of Bacillus sp. DH-9 culture was treated on.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.56-62
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• 1989

Chitin 분해 활성이 높은 Streptomyces 균주들을 인삼재배 토양에서 분리하고, 그 균주들이 인상뿌리 썩음 병균인 Fµsarium solani 에 미치는 길항효과와 그 작용을 조사하였다. 분리된 Streptomyces 중 몇 균주는 F. solani 의 포자발아와 발 아판의 생장을 억제하였고 균사를 분해하였으며, 동시에 세포벽 분해효소로 알려친 Chitinase를 생산하였다. 그중에서도 S alboniger ST 59 와 S. roseolilacinus ST 129 는 길항효과가 아주 좋았는데, 병원균의 분생포자를 두 Streptomyces 의 농축배 양여액에 14일간 처리하였을 때 포지숫자가 처음 정종 정도의 20%로 줄어을였다. 특히 S. alboniger ST 59는 뱅균인 F solani의 분생포자, 균사 뿐만 아니라 분해되기 어려운 후막포자까지도 분해하였다. 이것으로 비푸어 보건데, F. solani의 이 Streptomycetes에 의한 억제작용은 항생물질에 영향을 받은 병균이 Chitinase에 의해 분해된 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.388-400
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• 2023

Aeromonas spp. and Pseudomonas spp. are opportunistic pathogens widely distributed in the aquatic environment. To test the antibiotic susceptibility, the MIC of the 18 antibiotics mainly used in aquaculture were measured. Aeromonas spp. and Pseudomonas spp. straoms had different resistance patterns against most antibiotics. The MIC of tetracycline for four Aeromonas spp. strains (10.5%) was < 0.25 ㎍/mL. However, 0.5-4 ㎍/mL tetracycline inhibited most Pseudomonas spp. strains. The tet resistance performance of 14 genes including tet(B), tet(E), and tet(M) were investigated. Investigating, the tetracycline resistance gene of 38 Aeromonas spp. strains detected tet(A) in 21 strains (55.3%). Two Pseudomonas spp. strains showed high MIC values and no inhibition zone. tet gene analysis detected tet(D) in only one strain (5%).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.607-620
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• 2023

The biocontrol approach using beneficial microorganisms to control crop diseases is becoming an essential alternative to chemical fungicides. Therefore, new and efficient biocontrol agents (BCA) are needed. In this study, a rhizospheric actinomycete isolate showed unique and promising antagonistic activity against three of the most common phytopathogenic fungi, Fusarium oxysporum MH105, Rhizoctonia solani To18, and Alternaria brassicicola CBS107. Identification of the antagonistic strain, which was performed according to spore morphology and cell wall chemotype, suggested that it belongs to the Nocardiopsaceae. Furthermore, cultural, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, together with phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene (OP869859.1), indicated the identity of this strain to Nocardiopsis alba. The cell-free filtrate (CFF) of the strain was evaluated for its antifungal potency, and the resultant inhibition zone diameters ranged from 17.0 ± 0.92 to 19.5 ± 0.28 mm for the tested fungal species. Additionally, the CFF was evaluated in vitro to control Fusarium wilt disease in Vicia faba using the spraying method under greenhouse conditions, and the results showed marked differences in virulence between the control and treatment plants, indicating the biocontrol efficacy of this actinomycete. A promising plant-growth promoting (PGP) ability in seed germination and seedling growth of V. faba was also recorded in vitro for the CFF, which displayed PGP traits of phosphate solubilization (48 mg/100 ml) as well as production of indole acetic acid (34 ㎍/ml) and ammonia (20 ㎍/ml). This study provided scientific validation that the new rhizobacterium Nocardiopsis alba strain BH35 could be further utilized in bioformulation and possesses biocontrol and plant growth-promoting capabilities.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.162-169
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• 2010

도화 추출물의 항산화능 및 항염증 효과를 검증하여 기능성 화장품 소재로서의 가능성을 검증하였다. 도화의 항산화능 측정으로 전자공여능을 측정한 결과 도화 에탄올 및 아세톤 추출물 500ppm에서 90.0% 이상의 효과를 나타내어, 합성 항산화제로 알려진 BHT와 유사한 효과를 나타내었으며, SOD 유사활성능 측정 결과 도화 에탄올 및 아세톤 추출물 1,000ppm에서 40.0% 이상의 활성을 나타내었다. Xanthine oxidase 저해활성능 측정 결과 도화 에탄올 및 아세톤 추출물 1,000 ppm에서 vitamin C와 유사한 30.0%의 효과를 나타내어, 도화 열수 추출물에 비해 도화 에탄올 및 아세톤 추출물의 효과가 높게 나타났다. 항염증 효과 측정으로 hyaluronidase 저해활성을 측정한 결과 도화 열수, 에탄올 및 아세톤 추출물에서 35.0%의 저해활성을 나타내었으며, macrophage 세포를 이용한 nitric oxide (NO) 저해활성을 측정한 결과 도화 추출물 모든 농도에서 12시간 이후부터 NO 생성량이 억제됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 피부염증 유발균인 Staphylococcus epidermidis와 Propionibacterium acnes의 항균효과를 측정한 결과 도화 에탄올 추출물에서 항균 효과를 나타내었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.1241-1255
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• 2021

This study was carried out to explore a non-chemical strategy for enhancing productivity by employing some antagonistic rhizobacteria. One hundred eighteen bacterial isolates were obtained from the rhizospheric zone of various crop fields of Gangwon-do, Korea, and screened for antifungal activity against Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae) in lettuce crop under in vitro and in vivo conditions. In broth-based dual culture assay, fourteen bacterial isolates showed significant inhibition of mycelial growth of F. oxysporium f. sp. lactucae. All of the antagonistic isolates were further characterized for the antagonistic traits under in vitro conditions. The isolates were identified on the basis of biochemical characteristics and confirmed at their species level by 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. Arthrobacter sulfonivorans, Bacillus siamensis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Pseudomonas proteolytica, four Paenibacillus peoriae strains, and Bacillus subtilis were identified from the biochemical characterization and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The isolates EN21 and EN23 showed significant decrease in disease severity on lettuce compared to infected control and other bacterial treatments under greenhouse conditions. Two bacterial isolates, EN4 and EN21, were evaluated to assess their disease reduction and growth promotion in lettuce in field conditions. The consortium of EN4 and EN21 showed significant enhancement of growth on lettuce by suppressing disease caused by F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucae respectively. This study clearly indicates that the promising isolates, EN4 (P. proteolytica) and EN21 (Bacillus siamensis), can be commercialized and used as biofertilizer and/or biopesticide for sustainable crop production.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.325-339
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• 2022

Endophytes ascertain a symbiotic relationship with plants as promoters of growth, defense mechanism etc. This study is a first report to screen the endophytic population in Waltheria indica, a tropical medicinal plant. 5 bacterial and 3 fungal strains in leaves, 3 bacterial and 1 yeast species in stems were differentiated morphologically and identified by biochemical and molecular methods. The phylogenetic tree of the isolated endophytes was constructed using MEGA X. Silver nanoparticles were biosynthesized from a rare endophytic bacterium Cupriavidus metallidurans isolated from the leaf of W. indica. The formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-Visible spectrophotometer that evidenced a strong absorption band at 408.5 nm of UV-Visible range with crystalline nature and average particle size of 16.4 nm by Particle size analyzer. The Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectrum displayed the presence of various functional groups that stabilized the nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction peaks were conferred to face centered cubic structure. Transmission Electron Microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope revealed the spherical-shaped, polycrystalline nature with the presence of elemental silver analyzed by Energy Dispersive of X-Ray spectrum. Selected area electron diffraction also confirmed the orientation of AgNPs at 111, 200, 220, 311 planes similar to X-ray diffraction analysis. The synthesized nanoparticles are evaluated for antimicrobial activity against 7 bacterial and 3 fungal pathogens. A good zone of inhibition was observed against pathogenic bacteria than fungal pathogens. Thus the study could hold a key aspect in drug discovery research and other pharmacological conducts of human clinical conditions.

• Mycobiology
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2012

Fifty three fungi isolated from soils of different microhabitats of eastern Himalayan range (3,400-3,600 msl) were screened for mycosynthesis of silver nanaoparticles (AgNPs) and their efficacy as antimicrobials were assessed in combination with commonly used antibiotics. Three isolates $Aspergillus$ $terreus$ SP5, $Paecilomyces$ $lilacinus$ SF1 and $Fusarium$ sp. MP5 identified based on morphological and 18S rRNA gene sequences were found to synthesize AgNPs. These nanoparticles were characterized by visual observation followed by UV-visible spectrophotometric analysis. The AgNPs synthesized by $Aspergillus$ $terreus$ SP5, $Paecilomyces$ $lilacinus$ SF1 and $Fusarium$ sp. MP5 showed absorbance maxima at 412, 419, and 421 nm respectively in the visible region. Transmission electron microscopy micrograph showed formation of spherical AgNPs of 5-50 nm size. The antimicrobial activity of the mycosynthesized nanoparticles were investigated alone and in combination with commonly used antibiotics for analysis of growth inhibition zone against test organisms, namely, $Staphylococcus$ $aureus$ MTCC96, $Streptococcus$ $pyogenes$ MTCC1925, $Salmonella$ $enterica$ MTCC735 and $Enterococcus$ $faecalis$ MTCC2729. The mycosynthesized nanoparticles showed potent antibacterial activity and interestingly their syngergistic effect with erythromycin, methicillin, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin was significantly higher as compared to inhibitions by AgNPs alone. The present study indicates that silver nanoparticles synthesized using soil borne indigenous fungus of high altitudes show considerable antimicrobial activity, deserving further investigation for potential applications.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.231-237
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• 1991

참깨 시들음병과 역병에 대한 괄항균(括抗菌) Streptomyces spp.의 길항현상과 생물학적 방제 효과를 구명코져 참깨 시들음병(F. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum)과 역병(P. nicotianae var. parasitica)이 발생한 포장에 이병주로 부터 병원균을 순수분리(純粹分離)하였고 괄항균(括抗菌)은 충북일원의 고추, 참깨포장의 72점의 흙으로 부터 공시 병원균에 효과있는 괄항균(括抗菌)을 대치배양법(對峙培養法)으로 선발하였다. 선발된 괄항균(括抗菌) St-11 과 St-20 을 공시하여 병원균에 대한 균사저지원, 괄항균(括抗菌) 배양 여액에서의 병원균의 생육저지, 발아억제 빛 lysis 를 관찰 조사하였고 괄항균(括抗菌) 현독액(縣獨液 )(St-11) 을 종자에 처리할 경우 참깨생육에 아무런 영향이 없었다. 온실에서 괄항균(括抗菌)의 토양접종에 의한 참깨시들음병과 역병에 대한 방제효과는 병원균 단독 접종구에 비하여 40-78% 의 방제효과를 보였다.