• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.1083-1089
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• 2005

Most experimental studies available in the literature on filtration are based on observed average zeta potential of particles (usually 10 measurements). However, analyses of data using the average zeta potential alone can lead to misleading and erroneous conclusions about the attachment behavior because of the variation of particle zeta potentials and the heterogeneous distribution of the collector surface charge. To study characteristics of zeta potential, zeta potential distributions (ZPDs) of silica particles under 9 different chemical conditions were investigated. Contrary to many researchers’ assumptions, most of the ZPDs of silica particles were broad. The solids concentration removal was better near the isoelectric point (IEP) as many researchers have noticed, thus proper destabilization of particles is very important to achieve better particle removal in particle separation processes. While, the mean zeta potential of silica particles at a given coagulant dose was a function of particle concentration; the amount of needed coagulant for particle destabilization was proportional to the total surface charge area of particles in the suspension.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.80-84
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• 2005

Many important properties in colloidal systems are usually determined by surface charge ($\zeta$-potential) of the contacted solid surface. In this study, $\zeta$-potential of glass $\mu$-channel was evaluated from the electro-osmotic velocity distribution. The electro-osmotic velocity inside a glass $\mu$-channel was measured using a micro-PIV velocity field measurement technique. This evaluation method is more simple and easy to approach, compared with the traditional streaming potential technique. The $\zeta$-potential in the glass $\mu$-channel was measured for two different mole NaCl solutions. The effect of an anion surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), on the electro-osmotic velocity and $\zeta$-potential in the glass surface was also studied. In the range of $0\∼6$mM, the surfactant SDS was added to NaCl solution in four different mole concentrations. As a result, the addition of SDS increases $\zeta$-potential in the surface of the glass $\mu$-channel. The measured $\zeta$-potential was found to vary from-260 to-70mV. When negatively charged particles were used, the flow direction was opposite compared with that of neutral particles. The $\zeta$-potential has a positive sign for the negative particles.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.935-941
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• 2006

Many important properties in colloidal systems are usually determined by surface charge $({\zeta}-potential)$ of the contacted solid surface. In this study, ${\zeta}-potential$ of glass ${\mu}-channel$ was evaluated from the electro-osmotic velocity distribution. The electro-osmotic velocity inside a glass f-channel was measured using a micro-PIV velocity field measurement technique. This evaluation method is more simple and easy to approach, compared with the traditional streaming potential technique. The ${\zeta}-potential$ in the glass ${\mu}-channel$ was measured fur two different mole NaCl solutions. The effect of an anion surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), on the electro-osmotic velocity and f-potential in the glass surface was also studied. In the range of $0{\sim}6mM$, the surfactant SDS was added to NaCl solution in few different mole concentrations. As a result, the addition of SDS increases ${\zeta}-potential$ in the surface of the glass ${\mu}-channel$. The measured $\zeta-potential$ was found to vary from -260 to -70mV. When negatively charged particles were used, the flow direction was opposite compared with that of neutral particles. The ${\zeta}-potential$ has a positive sign for the negative particles.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.293-300
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• 2003

알루미나 분말과 전해질의 농도가 제타전위 및 등전점에 미치는 영향에 대하여 고찰하였다. 0.1~l $\mu\textrm{m}$의 입도 범위를 지닌 알루미나 분말시료와 NH$_4$NO$_3$를 사용하여 실험을 수행하였으며, 전기영동법을 이용하여 제타전위를 측정하였다. 현탁액 내의 시료량이 증가할수록 제타전위와 등전점은 큰 값을 나타내었으며, 현탁액의 농도가 0.0l wt%일 때 제타전위 측정에 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 전해질 농도가 증가할 경우, 제타전위의 값은 다소 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 큰 변화는 없었고, 등전점 값은 오히려 조금 감소하였다. 제타전위 측정에 가장 적합한 전해질 농도는 10 mM인 것으로 나타났으며, 전해질의 종류에 따라서 제타전위와 등전점의 값이 조금 변하는 경향이 있으나 큰 차이를 발생시키지는 않는 것으로 확인되었다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.191-202
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• 2010

The porosity (including the specific surface area and pore volume-diameter distribution) of montmorillonitic soft rock (MSR) was studied experimentally with an electrochemical treatment, based on which the change in porosity was further analyzed from the perspective of its electrokinetic potential (${\zeta}$ potential) and the isoelectric point of the electric double layer on the surface of the soft rock particles. The variation between the ${\zeta}$ potential and porosity was summarized, and used to demonstrate that the properties of softening, degradation in water, swelling, and disintegration of MSR can be modified by electrochemical treatment. The following conclusions were drawn. The specific surface area and total pore volume decreased, whereas the average pore diameter increased after electrochemical modification. The reduction in the specific surface area indicates a reduction in the dispersibility and swelling-shrinking of the clay minerals. After modification, the ${\zeta}$ potential of the soft rock was positive in the anodic zone, there was no isoelectric point, and the rock had lost its properties of softening, degradation in water, swelling, and disintegration. The ${\zeta}$ potential increased in the intermediate and cathodic zones, the isoelectric point was reduced or unchanged, and the rock properties are reduced. When the ${\zeta}$ potential is increased, the specific surface area and the total pore volume were reduced according to the negative exponent law, and the average pore diameter increased according to the exponent law.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.448-454
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• 2000

IOSP를 이용하여 적조생물입자에 대한 응집실험을 한 결과는 다음과 같다. 본 실험에 사용한 IOSP의 평균 지름은 $11.6{\mu}m$이고, 약$ 77{\%}$의 입자가 $5.0{\~}20.0{\mu}$의 범위에 속하며 변동계수는 $60.1{\%}$이었다. IOSP의 금속성분을 분석한 결과는 $98{\%}$가 칼슘으로서 생석회(CaO)와 같은 성분이었다. IOSP의 전자현미경 사진을 분석한 결과 표면이 매끈한 부정형의 입자로 되어 있었다. IOSP에 해수를 첨가하면 해수중의 $Mg^(+2)$ 이온과 급속하게 반응하여 입자의 표면 주위에 점질성의 $Mg(OH)_2$ 흡수층 (absorption layer)을 형성하여 응집 침전하고 해수의 pH를 10.0 정도까지 상승시켰다. IOSP는 $pH=6.2{\~}12.7$에서 $11.1{\~}50.1 mV$로서 IOSP의 입자가 완전히 용해될 때까지 positive zeta potential을 나타낸 반면 OSP는 pH=9.2, 11.9에서 각각 -42.5, -56.9mV로서 negative zeta potential을 나타내었다. $pNa=2.0{\~}4.0 (10^(-4){\~}10^(-2)M Na^+)$에서 IOSP, OSP의 zeta potential은 거의 일정한 값을 나타내었으나 $pNa=0.0 (1 M Na^+)$에서는 IOSP의 EDL이 매우 크게 압축되어 zeta potential은 거의 0.0mV를 나타내었고 OSP는 -25.4mV의 여전히 높은 negative zeta potential을 나타내었다. IOSP는 $Mg^(+2)$ 이온의 농도가 증가함에 따라 positive zeta potential이 증가하다가 $pMg=3.0 (10^(-3)M Mg^(+2))$에서 감소하는 결과를 나타내었다. 해수 중에서 IOSP는 4.8mV의 positive zeta potential을 나타내었고, OSP와 RTO는 각각 -30.7mV, -9.2mV의 negative zeta potential을 나타내었다. 해수중에서 IOSP의 $Mg(OH)_2$ 흡수층과 적조생물입자 사이에는 positive-negative EDL 반응이 일어나서 이들 둘 사이에는 항상 전기동력학적 인력이 작용하고, 동시에 $Mg(OH)_2$ 흡수층에 의한 전하중화로 인하여 입자 상호간의 응집반응은 극단적 인력이 작용하는 primary minimum에서 일어나고, DLVO 이론에 따라 응집반응은 비가역적아며 매우 신속하게 일어났다. 적조생물입자의 응집제거 효율은 IOSP의 농도 50mg/l까지 급격한 증가를 보이다가 IOSP의 농도가 계속 증가함에 따라서 점점 완만한 증가를 나타내었다. 즉 IOSP의 농도가 증가함에 따라서 지수함수적으로 증가하였다 ($Y=53.81{\times}X^(0.1); R^2=0.9868$).응집 침전은 IOSP 400mg/l 이상에서 거의 완전히 일어났다. IOSP $100mg/l$을 사용하고 G-value를 $1, 6, 29, 139 sec^(-1)$로 단계적으로 증가시키면서 응집 실험을 한 결과 적조생물입자의 응집제거 효율이 각각 $70.5, 70.5, 81.7, 85.3{\%}$로 증가하였다. 이는 응집 반응에서 입자간 충분한 충돌이 일어날 수 있도록 교반하는 것이 매우 중요함을 나타내 주는 것이다.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part 1
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• pp.413-414
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• 2006

The effects of several experimental parameters on the formation of stable Ni nanoparticles dispersion were investigated. The suspensions of Ni nanoparticles were produced in organic solvents using Hypermer KD-2 as a dispersant. The transmission profiles, particle size distribution, zeta potential, and visual inspection results were used to discuss the stability of the dispersion. The optimal conditions for the formation of stable dispersion are evaluated.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.98-102
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• 2007

The stability of slurry and removal rate during recycling of colloidal silica slurry was evaluated in silicon wafer polishing. The particle size distribution, pH, and zeta potential were measured to investigate the stability of colloidal silica. Large particles appeared as recycling time increased while average size of slurry did not change. Large particles were identified by EDS(energy dispersive spectrometer) as foreign substances from pad or abraded silicon flakes during polishing. As the recycling time increased, pH of slurry decreased and removal rate of silicon reduced but zeta potential decreased inversely. Hence, it could be mentioned that decrease of removal rate is related to consumption of $OH^-$ ions during recycling. Attention should be given to the control of pH of slurry during polishing.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.689-696
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• 2008

In a water treatment process a complete and homogeneous dispersion of the coagulants in the raw water could be most important factor. This research was performed to evaluate coagulation performance of the in-line-orifice mixer which was recently introduced as a rapid mixing device. The test was to determine the actual coagulant dispersion distribution on the overall cross-section at a distance of 1.6~3D from the chemical injection point by measuring zeta potential. From the results of zeta potential test, it was shown that the coagulant dispersion within the in-line orifice mixer was occurred very unevenly. The results have confirmed that it is necessary to increase the velocity of coagulants injection or pressurized water rates, in order to reduce nonuniform distribution of chemicals.

• 청정기술
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.211-216
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• 2006

단면이 직사각형 형태를 갖는 마이크로채널에서 이론적인 퍼텐셜의 분포변화를 제타퍼텐셜과 수력학적 지름을 변수로 조사하였다. 그리고 종/횡(Height-Width) 비를 1, 1/2, 1/3로 변화시켜서 형태의 변화에 따른 퍼텐셜의 분포변화를 조사하였다. 이를 위하여 Comsol 사의 FEMLAB 3.0을 이용하여 전산 무사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 단면의 수력학적 지름이 감소함에 따라서 높이방향 표면이 퍼텐셜 분포에 미치는 영향이 일정한 영역까지 나타났다. 또한 단면의 중앙을 지나는 가상의 선상에서 퍼텐셜 값은 제타퍼텐셜에 정비례하여 증가하였으며, 퍼텐셜 값은 단면의 종/횡 비가 증가함에 따라서 그 기울기가 증가하였다. 그렇지만 전체적으로 보았을 때, 단면의 종/횡 비가 감소함에 따라서 전기이중층이 표면방향으로 압축되는 형태를 나타내었으며, 이는 제타퍼텐셜의 증가를 가져올 것으로 사료된다.