• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.42 no.2 s.302
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• pp.151-160
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose a new fast motion estimation algorithm based on successive elimination algorithm (SEA) which can dramatically reduce heavy complexity of the variable block size motion estimation in H.264 encoder. The proposed method applies the conventional SEA in the hierarchical manner to the seven block modes. That is, the proposed algorithm can remove the unnecessary computation of SAD by means of the process that the previous minimum SAD is compared to a current SAD for each mode which is obtained by accumulating sum norms or SAD of $4\times4$ blocks. As a result, we have tighter bound in the inequality between SAD and sum norm than in the ordinary SEA. If the basic size of the block is smaller than $4\times4$, the bound will become tighter but it also causes to increase computational complexity, specifically addition operations for sum norm. Compared with fast full search algorithm of JM of H.264, our algorithm saves 60 to $70\%$ of computation on average for several image sequences.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.23-31
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• 2015

Objectives: The contribution of health behavior is high in the mortality variation. Mortality variation can be decreased through the policies and programs for improving health behavior. We investigated that health behaviors effected with standardized mortality in community. Methods: We examined the distribution of health determinant factors and correlation analyzed between factors and performed multiple linear regression. Data were collected from 2012 Community Health Survey in 253 communities, annual regional statistics, and statistics from Statistics Korea. Results: This study defined that the variation of standardized mortality and there are exist inequality level of health determinant factors in 253 communities. This study showed that the higher standardized mortality explained through health behavior factors of the current smoking rate, walking exercise rate and diagnosis of hypertension or diabetes rate after adjusted other factors(adjusted $R^2=0.709$, p<0.001). Conclusions: Smoking, walking exercise and diagnosis chronic disease affecting on the regional variation of standardized mortality. These factors can be improved by the local residents themselves.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.75-86
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of Chuna manual treatment and Chuna manual treatment with self muscle energy techniques on patients with pelvic malposition Methods : Random allocation was done. We used Chuna manual treatment to control group and Chuna manual treatment with self muscle energy techniques to experimental group. These patient's pelvic malposition were checked by Leg length analysis, measuring Innominate measurement length, obturator foramen size and height of femur head. Results : 1)After the 3 weeks treatment, patients' inequality of leg length and Innominate measurement length were significantly reduced. 2)There was no significant difference between control group and experimental group. Conclusions : Chuna manual treatment and Chuna manual treatment with self muscle energy techniques are considered to be effective and useful in patients with pelvic malposition. But there was no significant difference between control group and experimental group.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.337-342
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• 2009

This paper concerns delay-range-dependent robust stability and stabilization for time-delay nonliner system via T-S fuzzy model approach. The time delay is assumed to be a time-varying continuous function belonging to a given range. On the basis of a novel Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, which includes the information of the range, delay-range-dependent stability criteria are established in terms of linear matrix inequality. It is shown that the new criteria can provide less conservative results than some existing ones. Moreover, the stability criteria are also used to design the stabilizing state-feedback controllers. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.323-328
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• 2009

In this paper, a decentralized fuzzy output feedback controller for the nonlinear networked control system is proposed for wireless sensor network. Especially, it is assumed that the networked control system has the output packet loss and the input transmission failure. For the fuzzy control of the nonlinear subsystem, it presents Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model of each subsystem and it designs the decentralized fuzzy output feedback controller. The stability condition of the closed-loop system with the proposed controller is obtained by Lyapunov functional. The obtained stability condition is represented to the linear matrix inequality (LMI) form, and the control gain is obtained by LMI. An example is given to show the verification discussed throughout the paper.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.907-919
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• 2005

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a gram negative. black-pigmented anaerobe, associated with periodontitis & peri-implantitis. Fimbriae(fimA) of P. gingivalis are filamentous components on the cell surface and important in the colonization and invasion of periodontal tissue. But all P. gnigivalis strains don't have equal pathogenicity, inequality among strains originates from different fimA genotype. P. gnigivalis fimA gene encoding fimbrillin(structural subunit of fimbriae) has been classified into 5 genotypes(types I to V) based on the nucleotide sequences. In the present study, we examined the prevalence of these fimA genotypes in patients with dental implant and the relationship between prevalence of these genotypes and a condition of peri-implant tissue. Dental plaque specimens obtained from 189 peri-implant sulci of 97 patients with dental implants were analyzed by 16S rRNA fimA gene-directed PCR assay. P. gingivalis were detected in 86.2% of the alll samples. Among the P. gingivalis-positive samples, a significant difference in the occurrence of typeII was observed between test and the two control groups. In two control groups, typeII fimA were detected in 6.3%(PD<5mm/BOP-). 18.7%(PD<5mm/BOP+). In the test $group(PD{\geqq}5mm/BOP+)$, type II fimA genotype were detected most frequently in 50.0% . And a correlation between specific fimA types and peri-implantitis was found in $typeII(R^2=l.105)$. These results suggest that P. gingivalis strains that possess typeII fimA are gradually increased, as a condition of peri-implant tissue is getting complicated and are closely associated with peri-implant health status. We speculate that these organisms be involved in peri-implantitis

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.185-190
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• 2009

In this paper, an observer-based intelligent controller for the nonlinear networked control systems with packet loss is proposed for wireless sensor network. For the intelligent control of the nonlinear system, it uses the fuzzy system with Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model. The observer is designed for the fuzzy networked control system, and the output feedback controller is proposed for the stability of estimates and errors. The stability condition of the closed-loop system with the proposed controller is represented to the linear matrix inequality (LMI) form, and the observer and control gain are obtained by LMI. An example is given to show the verification discussed throughout the paper.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.173-186
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• 2005

This paper develops the argument that the 'Healthy Cities Approach' extends beyond the boundaries of officially designated Healthy Cities and suggests that signs of it are evident much more widely in efforts to promote health in the United Kingdom and in national policy. It draws on examples from Leeds, a major city in the north of England. In particular, it suggests that efforts to improve population health need to focus on the wider determinants and that this requires a collaborative response involving a range of different sectors and the participation of the community. Inequality is recognised as a major issue and the need to identify areas of deprivation and direct resources towards these is emphasised. Childhood poverty is referred to and the importance of breaking cycles of deprivation. The role of the school is seen as important in contributing to health generally and the compatibility between Healthy Cities and Health Promoting Schools is noted. Not only can Health Promoting Schools improve the health of young people themselves they can also develop the skills, awareness and motivation to improve the health of the community. Using child pedestrian injury as an example, the paper argues that problems and their cause should not be conceived narrowly. The Healthy Cities movement has taught us that the response, if it is to be effective, should focus on the wider determinants and be adapted to local circumstances. Instead of simply attempting to change behaviour through traditional health education we need to ensure that the environment is healthy in itself and supports healthy behaviour. To achieve this we need to develop awareness, skills and motivation among policy makers, professionals and the community The 'New Health' education is proposed as a term to distinguish the type of health education which addresses these issues from more traditional forms.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.267-272
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• 2012

This paper propose the implementation of robust fuzzy controller for controlling an active magnetic bearing (AMB) system with 6 degree of freedom (DOF). A basic model with 6 DOF rotor dynamics and electromagnetic force equations for conical magnetic bearings is proposed. The developed model has severe nonlinearity and uncertainty so that it is not easy to obtain the control objective. For solving this problem, we use the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model which is suitable for designing fuzzy controller. The control object in the AMB system enables the rotor to rotate without any phsical contact by using magnetic force. In this paper, we analyze the nonlinearity of the active magnetic bearing system by using fuzzy control algorithm and desing the robust control algorithm for solving the parameter variation. Simulation results for AMB are demonstrated to visualize the feasibility of the proposed method.

• The Journal of Health Technology Assessment
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.100-105
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this research is to investigate regional variations of mastication difficulty rates in the elderly over 65 in 229 primary autonomous districts in Korea and explore relevant characteristics. For the research data, local community health survey conducted in 2015 and data from Ministry of the Interior and Safety, Ministry of Health & Welfare, National Health Insurance Service and Statistics Korea were used. Methods: Frequency analysis was conducted for general characteristics and mastication difficulty rates of each region, and distribution of mastication difficulty rates was displayed for each town, city and province by mapping them. Extremal quotient (EQ), coefficient of variation (CV) values were calculated for regional variations, and logistic regression analysis was performed to reveal the relationship between each independent variable and mastication difficulty rates. Results: The average of standardized mastication difficulty rate was 46.78%, and regional variations were significant with EQ 3.46, CV 0.18. Characteristic factors that have significant effects on mastication difficulty rate included sex ratio, elderly population and the number of dentists per 10000 people. Conclusion: As a result, there were variations among mastication difficulty rates in 229 primary local governments across the country, and the distribution of health care resources by the characteristics of the local environment by region affected mastication difficulty rates. Accordingly, it is required to provide political supports to overcome regional inequality of oral health levels and develop cooperative system between local governments and local dentists.