• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.295-310
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting job satisfaction, job stress, turnover intention, work-family and family-work relationship of married dental hygienists with young children. Methods: 242 copies of self-reported questionnaires were analyzed. Statistical analysis of collected data was conducted using the statistical program of Stata 13.0 (StataCorp., College Station, TX, USA). Results: Turnover intention was higher when the child age was lower and the child support and parenting stress were higher. But when working hours were adjustable, the turnover intention was low. Job stress was higher as the position, monthly income and night working hours were higher. Job satisfaction was higher as night work was fewer, work time was adjustable and family life satisfaction was higher. When parenting stress was high, job satisfaction was low and job stress and turnover intention were high. Work-family relationships were more affected by lower monthly income and parents-first child caregivers. Workplace factors affecting the family life were monthly income, caregiver and number of night work. The higher the parenting stress, the greater the mutual influence between family and work life. Age, family life, parenting stress and turnover intention were identified to affect family-work relationship. Parenting stress and job stress were identified to be influential on work-family relationship. Conclusions: Married dental hygienists are leaving the clinical setting due to their marriage and childbirth, or showing the effects on family-work and work-family relationships due to parenting. Efforts should be made to efficiently utilize professional manpower and to improve the psychological and physical working environment surrounding the married dental hygienists.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.153-167
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• 2011

This study analyzed changes in postpartum depression in mothers from one month after childbirth to the first year using panel data collected overtime, in an effort to determine the relationship between the amount of change and child-rearing system variables. The subjects were 1097 mothers who belonged to both the lower and upper $30^{th}$ percentile groups in the depression change distribution of the 2008 Korean Children Panel Study (PSKC), a large, population-based study conducted by the Korea Institute of Childcare and Education. The data were analyzed by t-tests, $x^2$ tests, partial correlation coefficient analyses and regression analyses. The results are summarized as follows: First, the mothers' postpartum depression showed a significant increase during the first year as opposed to the first month after birth. Second, after controlling for socio-demographical variables of the mothers, the changes related to depression showed a positive relationship with child-rearing stress, and the child's emotional temperament, but showed a negative relationship with the mother's self-esteem, the child's birth order, and the father's participation in child-rearing activities. Third, variables having a significant effect on changes in postpartum depression were the mother's self-esteem and child-rearing stress, the child's age in months, and social support. Variables pertaining to the mother's characteristics variables had a more powerful effect than other child-rearing system variable categories. The results suggest the necessity to develop a parental education program or a mother-child health service in consideration of the variables that affect mothers, as determined in this study, in an effort to prevent postpartum depression.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing health promoting behavior of the late school age children and to analyze the difference of health promoting behavior according to personal factors of children. Methods: The subjects consisted of 169 school-aged children in the 6th grade in Gyeonggi-do. Data were collected from Dec. 1 to Dec. 10, 2008. The data were analyzed by using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and Stepwise multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. Results: 1) Health promoting behavior was proved to be relatively high. The average item score for the health promoting behavior was $3.85{\pm}.41$. The highest degree of health promoting behavior was stress management (4.13). whereas the one with the lowest degree was exercise (3.40). 2) In the relationship between personal factors and health promoting behavior, there were statistically significant differences in gender, perceived health status, family mood, father's drinking habits, school performance, school satisfaction. 3) Health promoting behavior was showed significant positive correlations with perceived self-efficacy (r=.55), social support (r=.65), prior related behaviors (r=.44), perceived benefits of action (r=.42), and significant negative correlations with perceived barriers of action (r=-.37). 4) Stepwise multiple regression analysis was revealed that the most powerful predictor of health promoting behavior was social support ($\beta$=0.36) Conclusion: The combination of social support, perceived self-efficacy, perceived benefits of action, gender, and family mood accounted for 57.8% of the variance in the health promoting behavior of the late school age children.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.995-1007
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 어머니의 정서지능이 양육스트레스 및 양육효능감에 미치는 영향을 살펴봄으로써 정서지능의 중요성 및 어머니의 정서지능 향상 프로그램 개발을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하는 것이다. 이를 위해 경기도와 인천광역시 소재 유치원과 어린이집에 자녀를 보내고 있는 어머니 228명을 대상으로 설문조사 통해 자료를 수집하였고, 수집된 자료를 분석하기 위해 기술통계, 상관관계분석, 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 어머니의 정서지능은 양육스트레스와 통계적으로 유의미한 부적 상관이 있는 것으로 나타나, 어머니의 정서지능이 높을수록 어머니의 양육스트레스는 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 어머니의 정서지능이 높을수록 양육효능감이 높게 나타나, 부모로서의 효능감은 높은 반면, 부모로서의 좌절감과 불안감은 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 어머니의 정서지능이 양육스트레스에 대해 약 15.6%의 설명력을 지니는 것으로 나타났고, 정서지능의 하위 변인 중 정서표현, 정서조절이 양육스트레스에 통계적으로 유의미한 부적 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 어머니의 정서지능이 양육효능감에 대해 약 23.4%의 설명력을 지니는 것으로 나타났고, 정서지능의 하위 변인 중 정서인식, 정서표현이 통계적으로 유의미한 정적 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.127-150
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• 2014

급격히 증가하고 있는 맞벌이 부부의 가장 심각한 문제로 지목되고 있는 것은 자녀 양육 문제이다. 이로 인해 맞벌이 부부는 심각한 양육스트레스를 경험하게 되는 것으로 보고되고 있으며 특히 어린 자녀를 두고 있는 맞벌이 부부의 양육스트레스는 다른 연령에 비해 매우 높아 이 시기 부부 관계에까지 부정적 영향을 미칠 가능성이 있음이 지적되고 있다. 이러한 부부간의 갈등은 결혼 안정성을 해칠 뿐만 아니라 어린 자녀들의 문제행동을 야기하는 등 매우 심각한 부정적 영향들을 야기하게 된다. 이에 본 연구는 맞벌이 부부의 결혼안정성을 높일 수 있는 사회적 지원 및 서비스의 기초자료를 제공하기 위해 양육스트레스가 이들의 부부관계에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 실증적으로 검증하였다. 특히 선행연구가 부부간의 상호 영향을 주고받는 상호역동적인 관계 양상을 자료 수집 및 분석 과정에서 포함하지 못해왔다는 한계를 극복하고자 상호의존적 연구모형을 구성하여 이를 실증적으로 검증하였다. 본 연구는 한국아동패널의 4차년도 데이터를 활용하여 629쌍의 커플 자료(dyadic data)를 Actor-Partner interdependence model(APIM)로 분석하여 맞벌이 부부의 부부갈등과 양육스트레스에 대한 이해를 확장하고자 하였다. 연구결과 맞벌이 부부의 양육스트레스가 남편과 아내 각각의 부부갈등에 정적으로 유의한 영향을 미치고 있었으며, 남편의 양육스트레스가 아내의 부부갈등에 정적 영향을 미치고 있었으며 아내의 양육스트레스 또한 남편의 부부갈등에 정적 영향을 미치고 있었다. 즉, 양육스트레스의 부부갈등에 대한 자기효과와 상대방효과가 모두 유의한 정적 관계를 보인 것이다. 이러한 결과는 맞벌이 부부의 양육스트레스와 부부갈등에 대한 문제 파악 및 개입 시 부부의 상호의존적인 영향 관계를 반드시 고려해야할 필요성과 그에 따라 부부를 한 단위(unit)로 접근해야 함을 실증적으로 입증한 결과라 하겠다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2006

This study on filial play therapy training as parent education included 12 experimental group mothers, 11 control group mothers, and their 5-year-old children. Over 5 weeks, experimental group mothers received 2 hours filial therapy training 10 times, twice a week, and 30 minutes home special play 4 times, once a week. Each mother was videotaped playing with her child and completed three self-report instruments : Parental Acceptance Scale(Porter, 1954), Parenting Stress Index(Abidin, 1990), and Child Behavior Checklist(Oh et al., 1997) before and after the training. Pre- and post-test data was analyzed by paired-t test. Filial play therapy training enhanced empathy in adult-child interaction during free play. Significant increases appeared in parental acceptance level of child's feeling and autonomy.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.167-176
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• 2008

Purpose: The goal of this study was to find out factors influencing the health promotion behavior of low-income vulnerable 4th, 5th and 6th-grade elementary school students. The specific goals were: first, to find out difference in health knowledge, self-esteem and health promotion behavior according to general characteristics; second, to investigate the correlations among health knowledge, self-esteem and health promotion: and, third, to analyze factors influencing health promotion behavior. Methods: The subjects of this study were 137 low-income vulnerable 4th, 5th and 6th-grade elementary school children who were participating after-school programs in Seoul. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed in health knowledge, self-esteem and health promotion behavior between girls and boys. In the sub categories, differences were observed in personal hygiene and health responsibility, stress management and personal relationship. The correlation of health promotion behavior with self-esteem and health knowledge was statistically significant. Regression analysis revealed that the influencing factor is self-esteem with the other variables under control. Conclusion: Health promotion education requires low-income vulnerable elementary children to increase their self-esteem. We recommend that it should be one of the most effective ways to split boys and girls to educate them in disparate classrooms.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the prenatal, perinatal and developmental risk factors of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), compared to unaffected siblings (SIB), and typically developing children (TC). Methods : Subjects with ADHD, their SIB, and TC were recruited from the child psychiatry outpatient clinic of the Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital. The parents of the children completed questionnaires on perinatal and developmental risk factors. Results : Fifty-eight subjects with ADHD (41 boys, $7.7{\pm}1.3years$), 21 SIB (8 boys, $8.2{\pm}1.8years$), and 22 TC (8 boys, $8.5{\pm}2.1years$) were included. The ADHD group showed higher rates of maternal stress during pregnancy than the SIB group (p=.002), and the ADHD group showed higher rates of familial psychiatric history than the TC (odds ratio, 8.76 ; 95% confidence interval, 1.69 to 45.45). Conclusion : These findings suggest that among perinatal and developmental factors, maternal stress during pregnancy contribute to the development of ADHD. Future prospective studies will be needed in order to determine the causal relationship between perinatal risk factors and development of ADHD.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.15-27
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• 1997

이상의 결과를 통해 다음과 같은 결론을 내릴 수 있다. 1. 초등학교 5학년의 경우 가족, 교사로부터의 사회적 지지가 높을수록 전반적인 자아 가치감이 높았다. 가족의 사회적 지지도가 높을수록 아동의 스트레스 수준이 낮았으며, 자아 가치감이 높을수록 스트레스 수준이 낮아졌다. 2. 중학생의 경우 친구, 가족, 교사의 사회적 지지도가 높을수록 스트레스 수준이 낮아졌으며, 자아가치감이 높을수록 스트레스 수준이 낮아졌다. 3. 초등학생의 경우 친구, 가족의 사회적 지지 및 자아 가치감이 스트레스를 15% 설명하였다. 중학생의 경우 친구, 가족, 교사의 사회적 지지 및 자아 가치감이 스트레스를 28% 설명하였다. 4. 초등 학생의 경우 친구 가족의 사회적 지지가 아동의 자아 가치감에 직접적인 영향을 주었으며, 아동의 자아 가치감은 다시 아동의 스트레스에 직접적인 영향을 주었다. 중학생의 경우 친구 가족 교사의 사회적 지지가 자아 가치감에 직접적인 영향을 주었다. 그 중 친구의 사회적 지지는 아동의 스트레스에 직접 간접적인 영향을 주었다. 5. 초등학생, 중학생 모두 스트레스에 영향을 미치는 가장 중요한 변인은 자아가치감이었다. 앞으로의 연구에서는 아동이 당면하는 스트레스를 어떻게 대처하는가를 정밀히 관찰하고 이해함으로써, 이들이 지니고 있는 능력을 긍정적으로 계발할 수 있도록 도와야 할 것이다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.99-111
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• 2011

Relations between mother-infant interactive behaviors and parenting-related variables were analyzed in a sample of 72 infants (35 boys and 37 girls, average age=31 mo.) and their mothers in Ulsan, Korea. Parents' views on children, parenting stress, fathers' participation in parenting and social support were measured using questionnaires and mother-infant interactive behaviors were observed using the 3-bags test. Among the parenting-related variables, parents' views on children were related significantly with mothers' emotional expressions & infant's participation with mothers. Social support was correlated with mother's behaviors, including positive rewards and emotional expressions. Mother-infant interactive behaviors were closely correlated with one another: Mothers' positive behaviors such as overall reactivity and cognitive stimulation were correlated positively with infants' positive behaviors, including sustained attention and positive affect. Future studies will provide us with greater insights into the mechanisms underlying the effects of these parenting-related variables on infant behavior and development.