• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.515-520
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• 2011

This study was carried out to evaluate the immunomodulatory capacity of edible mushrooms, including Lepista nuda, Corprinis comatus, Letinus edodes, and Pleurotus eryngii, in mice. BALB/c mice were administered 1, 50, and 500 mg/kg body weight of various mushrooms five times a week over 4 weeks through gastric intubation. The control mice were administered distilled water. No significant changes in body weight were observed. IL-4 and IFN${\gamma}$ production was evaluated with splenic T lymphocytes stimulated in vitro with phytohemagglutinins for 48 hr. The mice group administered L. edodes showed significantly higher ratio of IFN${\gamma}$ versus IL-4 than the other groups. In addition, the ratio of plasma IgG2a versus IgG1 was also significantly elevated in mice treated with L. edodes. However, no significant change was observed in ratio of IgG2a versus IgG1 in splenic B lymphocytes stimulated in vitro with lipopolysaccharides for 7 days. These results indicate that L. edodes can enhance type-1 helper T cell-mediated cellular immunity.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.275-279
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• 2016

Dengue fever is a vector borne disease caused by a dengue virus. It is an RNA virus of the family flaviviridae, with different serotypes. Herein, we report our attempt to carry out a sensitivity comparison of immunodiagnostic assays for dengue fever in dengue positive patients. Blood samples from 189 volunteers were collected. To determine the sensitivity of the NS1 test, two different types of tests-immunochromatographic tri-line test and rapid dengue test (RDT)-as well as IgM and IgG capture ELISA were performed. The result of RDT has shown that 59.7% of volunteers were IgM positive and 50.2% were IgG positive. Conversely, the results from capture ELISA shows 79.8% and 59.7% for IgM and IgG, respectively. The sensitivity of the capture ELISA test for IgM and IgG was higher than that of immunochromatographic tri-line rapid test, but the specificity was lower. Therefore, to confirm dengue fever, we recommend performing more detailed, investigative tests since a single test may not be sufficient.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.225-228
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• 2007

We observed the time gap between oocyst shedding and antibody responses in mice (3-week-old C57BL/6J females) infected with Cryptosporidium parvum. Oocyst shedding was verified by modified acid-fast staining. The individually collected mouse sera were assessed for C. parvum IgM and IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from 5 to 25 weeks after infection. The results showed that C. parvum oocysts were shed from day 5 to 51 post-infection (PI). The IgM antibody titers to C. parvum peaked at week 5 PI, whereas the IgG antibody titers achieved maximum levels at week 25 PI. The results revealed that IgM responses to C. parvum infection occurred during the early stage of infection and overlapped with the oocyst shedding period, whereas IgG responses occurred during the late stage and was not correlated with oocyst shedding. Hence, IgM antibody detection may prove helpful for the diagnosis of acute cryptosporidiosis, and IgG antibody detection may prove effective for the detection of past infection and endemicity.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.164-168
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• 1999

TGF-$\beta$3 is among five TGF-$\beta$ isolorms and shows 80% sequence identity to TGF-$\beta$I, a prototype of TGF--$\beta$. It has been reported that TGF-$\beta$I, particularly in the presence of IL-2 or L-5, increases the pmduction of IgA and IgG2b isoiypes by LPS-actwated murine B cells. We examined the effect of TGF-P3 on Ig synlhesis by B cells from different lymphoid origins. IgA induction by TGP-$\beta$3 was mardnal in LPS-activated spleen B cell culture, while 1gA production was markedly enhanced in the culture shulated with TGF-$\beta$P3 and L-5. In addition, number of IgA secreting cells was increased by TGF-$\beta$P3. Under the same conditions, TGP-$\beta$3 alone was enough to increase IgG2b production but IgM and 1gGl. Sirmlar patiem of IgA and IgGZb enbancement by TGF-$\beta$3 and L-5 was observed in the cullures of mesenteric lymph node B cells. Thus, overall effect of TGF-$\beta$3 on Ig synthesis was quite similar to that of TGF-$\beta$I. Nonetheless, it remains to be underslood whether TGF-$\beta$3 is an important modulator in B cell differentiation since regulation of TGF-$\beta$3 expression is considered to differ from that of TGF-$\beta$I

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.180-184
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• 1999

hybridoma cells producing IgM anti-pneuococcal 6B polysaccharide antibodies were induced to switch to IgG-producing cells in vitro by treating with acridine orange. Treating 0.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of acridine orange for 24 hours generated maximal number of variant cells. The maximal isotype switch frequency was 3${\times}$10-5, which is about 30-fold higher than the frequency of spontaneous switching. Resulting IgG-producing variants were enriched by sib selection and ELISA spot assay. Two IgG3-producing variant cells were finally cloned by limiting dilution. The variant cells produced similar amounts of antibodies as their parental cells did. The two switched antibodies had similar reactivity to pneumococcal 6B polysaccharide. When compared to their parental IgM antibodies, the switched IgG3 than that of IgM antibody. The antibodies will be useful as essential tools for comparative study of the role of heavy chain isotypes in protection against Streptococcus pneumoniae.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.473-480
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• 1986

Mumps is an extremly common infectious disease affecting predominantly young children hut it is not a severe disease in terms of mortality. One hundred and two sera from infants of 3 different groups which are vaccinated, unvaccinated and unknown were detected to mumps antibody. The tests used were Complement Fixation(CF) test, Single Radial Hemolysis(SRH) test, Hemagglutination Inhibition(HI) test, Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Immunoglobulin G(ELISA IgG) test, Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Immunoglobulin M(ELISA IgM) test. 1. The rate of positivity for mumps antibody in 102 sera wera 89.16%(74/83) by Hl test, 68.83%(53/77) by ELISA IgG test, 64.58%(62/96) by SRH test, 63.24%(43/68) by ELISA IgM test and 50.00%(49/98) by CF test. 2. The rate of positivity by 5 tests for 55 sera turned out to be very similar with above results respectively. 3. The correlation coefficients(r) between ELISA IgG test ant H1 test, ELISA IgG test and ELISA IgM test were 0.34(P<0.0l) and 0.31(P<0.02), respectively. 4. The percentage of apparently natural infection of mumps seemed to be 65.15%(43/66) in infants. 5. Seroconversion rate of mumps by vaccination were 90.91%(10/11). 6. Among the 53 infants who were tested with ELISA IgG 15 were below 15 months age of(28.30%) and this percentage may be taken as a suggestion that mumps vaccination should be given earlier than present practice. 7. ELISA IgG test was found very sensitive and recommendable method for large scale screening for the presence of antibody to mumps.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 2007

Purpose : Hypogammaglobulinemia has been observed in nephrotic syndrome, but its pathophysiology remains unknown. We evaluated the relationship between the serum IgG and at bumin levels for children with minimal change nephrotic syndrome(MCNS). Methods : The levels of immunoglobulin G(IgG), albumin and total cholesterol of a total of 46 children with MCNS(proteinuria $>40mg/m^2/h$, and serum albumin level <2.5g/dL were analyzed. Results : The mean values of albumin, IgG and total cholesterol in MCNS children were $1.7{\pm}0.3g/dL,\;368{\pm}143mg/dL\;and\;431{\pm}78mg/dL$, respectively. There was an inverse correlation between the albumin values and the total cholesterol values(r=0.68, P=0.0001), whereas there was a direct-proportional correlation between albumin values and the IgG values(r=0.4, P=0.01). Conclusion : The IgG level is associated with albumin level, and it may reflect the severity of urinary protein loss in MCNS. Further studies are needed to evaluate this phenomenon.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.6-10
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• 2002

The present study investigated the rheological properties and adjuvant activity of IgG production of ι-Carrageenan prepared using two different methods . incubation at 37.4$^{\circ}C$ after either being heated or not being heated int 6$0^{\circ}C$ for 10 minutes. The carrageenan exhibited plastic flow with thixotropy in both cases, but the viscosity of the sample that had been heated was significantly higher. C57BL/6 mice were then immunized intraperitoneally with either of the carrageenans containing protein antigens. The maximum adjuvant effect was found when using the nonheated carrageenan, especially in term of IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 production. In contrast, IgG1 antibody production was the same far both types of carrageenan. furthermore, when administered oral1y, neither type of carrageenan resulted in the production of any antibodies.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.234-238
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• 1999

Purpose : This study was performed to evaluate the seropositivities and levels of Hepatitis A Virus(Hav) antibody in term pregnant women and their neonates, and the transplacental transfer rate of maternal Hav-specific IgG(Hav IgG) from tenn pregnant women to their neonates. Methods : During Jan. 1st, 1998 to May. 31 tho 1998, we collected the 42 pairs of sera from pregnant women and umbilical cord of their neonates in Korea University Ansan Hospital. The serum levels of Hav IgG were measured by the RIA method. Results : 1) The seropositivities of Hav IgG were 78.6% in mothers and 81.0% in neonates. There was no statistical difference of mean antibody(Ab) levels between mothers and neonates. There was significant correlation of Ab levels between maternal sera and neonatal umbilical cord sera(correlation coefficient r=0.9285, P<0.001). 2) There were no significant correlations between neonatal Hav IgG level and other factors such as maternal age, gestational age and initial body weight of neonates. Conclusion : Seropositivities of Hav IgG tenn-pregnant women was comparable to those of their neonates. Pregnant women and their neonates can be protected from Hav infection.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.65-72
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• 2006

Recent technical advances in the biorecognition engineering and the microparticle fabrication may enable us to develop the single step purification using magnetic particle, because of its simplicity, efficacy, ease of automation, and process economics. In this study, we used commercial magnetic particles from Seradyn, Inc. (Indianapolis, USA). It was ca. 2.8 micron in diameter, consisted of polystyrene core and magnetite coating, and its surface had carboxyl groups. The model, capture protein was IgG and anti-IgG was used as the ligand molecule. We studied the different surfaces ('nude', ester-activated, and anti-IgG coated) for their biorecognition of IgG. At a high pH condition, we could reduce non-specific binding. Also anti-IgG immobilized magnetic particle could capture IgG more selectively. We attempted 'oriented immobilization' of anti-IgG, in which the polysaccharides moiety near the C-terminus was selectively oxidized and linked to the hydrazine-coated MP, to improve the efficacy of biorecognitive binding. Using this method, the IgG capturing ability was improved by ca. 2 fold. From the binary mixture of the IgG-insulin, IgG could be more selectively captured. In summary, the oriented immobilization of oxidized anti-IgG proved to be as effective as the streptavidin-biotin system and yet simpler and cost-effective. This immobilization method can find its applications in protein biochips and biotargeting.