Time gap between oocyst shedding and antibody responses in mice infected with Cryptosporidium parvum

  • Yu, Jae-Ran (Department of Environmental and Tropical Medicine, KonKuk University, School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Soo-Ung (Department of Environmental and Tropical Medicine, KonKuk University, School of Medicine)
  • Published : 2007.09.30

Abstract

We observed the time gap between oocyst shedding and antibody responses in mice (3-week-old C57BL/6J females) infected with Cryptosporidium parvum. Oocyst shedding was verified by modified acid-fast staining. The individually collected mouse sera were assessed for C. parvum IgM and IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from 5 to 25 weeks after infection. The results showed that C. parvum oocysts were shed from day 5 to 51 post-infection (PI). The IgM antibody titers to C. parvum peaked at week 5 PI, whereas the IgG antibody titers achieved maximum levels at week 25 PI. The results revealed that IgM responses to C. parvum infection occurred during the early stage of infection and overlapped with the oocyst shedding period, whereas IgG responses occurred during the late stage and was not correlated with oocyst shedding. Hence, IgM antibody detection may prove helpful for the diagnosis of acute cryptosporidiosis, and IgG antibody detection may prove effective for the detection of past infection and endemicity.

Keywords

References

  1. Bonnin A, Dubremetz JF, Camerlynck P (1991) Characterization and immunolocalization of an oocyst wall antigen of Cryptosporidium parvum (Protozoa: Apicomplexa). Parasitology 103: 171-177 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000059448
  2. Graczyk TK, Cranfield MR (1997) Detection of Cryptosporidium-specific serum immunoglobulins in captive snakes by a polyclonal antibody in the indirect ELISA. Vet Res 28: 131-142
  3. Guk SM, Seo M, Park YK, Oh MD, Choe KW, Kim JL, Choi MH, Hong ST, Chai JY (2005) Parasitic infections in HIV-infected patients who visited Seoul National University Hospital during the period 1995-2003. Korean J Parasitol 43: 1-5 https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2005.43.1.1
  4. Lappin MR, Ungar B, Brown-Hahn B, Cooper CM, Spilker M, Thrall MA, Hill SL, Cheney J, Taton-Allen G (1997) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of Cryptosporidium parvum IgG in the serum of cats. J Parasitol 83: 957-960 https://doi.org/10.2307/3284299
  5. Lazo A, Barriga OO, Redman DR, Bech-Nielsen S (1986) Identification by transfer blot of antigens reactive in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in rabbits immunized and a calf infected with Cryptosporidium sp. Vet Parasitol 21: 151-163 https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4017(86)90062-2
  6. Lee JK , Song HJ, Yu JR (2005) Prevalence of diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium parvum in non-HIV patients in Jeollanam-do, Korea. Korean J Parasitol 43: 111-114 https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2005.43.3.111
  7. Meisel JL, Perera DR, Meligro C, Rubin CE (1997) Overwhelming watery diarrhea associated with Cryptosporidium in an immunocompromised patient. Gastroenterology 70: 1156-1160
  8. Moss DM, Chappell CL, Okhuysen PC, DuPont HL, Arrowood MJ, Hightower AW, Lammie PJ (1998) The antibody response to 27-, 17-, and 15-kDa Cryptosporidium antigens following experimental infection in humans. J Infect Dis 178: 827-833 https://doi.org/10.1086/515377
  9. Nime FA, Burek JD, Page DL, Holscher MA, Yardley JH (1976) Acute enterocolitis in a human being infected with the protozoan Cryptosporidium. Gastroenterology 70: 592-598
  10. Nydam DV, Lindergard G, Guard CL, Schaaf SL, Wade SE, Mohammed HO (2002) Serological detection of exposure to Cryptosporidium parvum in cattle by ELISA and its evaluation in relation to coprological tests. Parasitol Res 88: 797-803 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-002-0665-9
  11. Petry F, Robinson HA, McDonald V (1995) Murine infection model for maintenance and amplification of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. J Clin Microbiol 33: 1922-1924
  12. Quilez J, Ares-Mazas E, Sanchez-Acedo C, del Cacho E, Clavel A, Causape AC (1996) Comparison of oocyst shedding and the serum immune response to Cryptosporidium parvum in cattle and pigs. Parasitol Res 82: 529-534 https://doi.org/10.1007/s004360050157
  13. Tyzzer EE (1907) A sporozoan found in the peptic glands of the common mouse. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 5: 12-13
  14. Tzipori S, Ward H (2002) Cryptosporidiosis: biology, pathogenesis and disease. Microbes Infect 4: 1047-1058 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1286-4579(02)01629-5
  15. Ungar BL, Soave R, Fayer R, Nash TE (1986) Enzyme immunoassay detection of immunoglobulin M and G antibodies to Cryptosporidium in immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons. J Infect Dis 153: 570-578 https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/153.3.570
  16. Whitmire WM, Harp JA (1991) Characterization of bovine cellular and serum antibody response during infection by Cryptosporidium parvum. Infect Immun 59: 990-995
  17. Williams RO, Burden DJ (1987) Measurement of class specific antibody against Cryptosporidium in serum and faeces from experimentally infected calves. Res Vet Sci 43: 264- 265
  18. Yu JR, O'Hara SP, Lin JL, Dailey ME, Cain G, Lin JL (2002) A common oocyst surface antigen of Cryptosporidium recognized by monoclonal antibodies. Parasitol Res 88: 412- 420 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-001-0586-z