• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.20
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• pp.267-292
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• 2003

UNCITRAL considered a proposal to include in its work program a review of current practices and laws in the area of the international carriage of goods by sea, with a view to establishing the need for uniform rules where no such rules existed and with a view to achieving greater uniformity of laws. And UNCITRAL Working Party, as of April, 2003, is reviewing the UNCITRAL's Preliminary Draft Instrument which was originally prepared by CMI. As said above, the Preliminary Draft Instrument has a lot of improved provisions in relation to the scope of application, period of responsibility, obligations and liability of carrier, obligations of shipper and so on, but it has also some provisions which should be reconsidered in light of changed environments. Therefore, UNCITRAL Working Party has to prepare more complete and widely adoptable new uniform rules under the sufficient discussion.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.57-61
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• 2009

Garbage cause an environmental pollution, unsightly mess, fouls an odor, and unpleasant feeling. Various measures to solve the problems are studying. And the garbage are collected and treated by the street cleaner. Street cleaner is working for long time in the street from dawn to the night. And many kind of accidents are aroused, like traffic and crushing accident by garbage truck. This kind of accidents is increased every year. To prevent the accident, street cleaner wear a fluorescent light uniform But a count measures for the fallen accident and crushing accident from the garbage truck are insufficient. In addition, a street cleaner dose not like to wear a working uniform because of inconvenience. Therefore this study try to find a safety system of garbage truck for reducing measure of accidents of street cleaner.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.5 s.142
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• pp.649-661
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyze the inner meaning and outer from of the uniform from a historical perspective. As a research method, this study investigated the significance of the meaning and farm of the uniform in history with a focus on the classification suggested by a Japanese scholar, Okuhira Sitse, and analyzed them by design elements. In the theoretical study, the uniform was divided into formal, working and collective uniforms according to the purpose of wear. As results, the plasticity of the uniform was analyzed as the concept involving: authority representing the power and influence within the organization as a inner moaning; differentiation from the rest by expressing the culture and ideology within the organization; cohesiveness among the wearers as members of the specific organization and the binding nature in effect; reliable images to customers due to the appropriate form of dress related to the specific business and controlled self expression; and aesthetics characterizing a given era as a form of aesthetic pursuit. The elements of these inner meanings were translated to the outer form of functional practicality and simplified design, which appeared as the simplified' suit' in a female uniform in workplaces.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.75-91
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• 1996

The work-man's uniform should be coincident wit the image of his firm and accounted of the function according as its purpose. We made questions to 404 workers at 8 firm in our country through the questionnaire papers to know about a work-man's uniform and researched whether the satisfactory in wearing his uniform had relation with his type of business, grade, carrier, age, marriage, and monthly income. The results of this study is as follows; 1. In the uniform status of the fir, thee were many jumper styles in he design of the uniform. The color of that was more dark than bright and the materials of one was used much more chemical fiber than natural fiber. Each of the field office supplied the uniform to his work-man more frequently than the main office. All of firm payed off the uniform expense and decision of the uniform design was almost made both the firm and the labour union. 2. In he satisfaction of the uniform, the satisfaction of uniform was shown high in the design, color, materials, size and function. The highest dissatisfaction reason is as follows; it was disagreeable to concrete design in the design and dark color and keeping warm or draft was bad in the materials, the bust and pant's length was long in the size. 3. In preference of the uniform, the older of preference in the design was what the working environment and the image of firm was suitable, the characteristic uniform. The order of preference in the color was beige, blue, grey. The preference of in the materials was good to keep warm and draft. The preference in the pattern was 'no pattern' every type of business. The experts, or administrators and office workers than others preferred 'no pattern' of the uniform in the pattern.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.265-270
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• 2007

Polarization imaging systems have been widely used to selectively characterize skin lesions. Nevertheless, current systems are used in single-mode due to the limitations of a fixed polarization mode and a single-working distance of light source, in which uniform light distribution is achieved on target area. To address such limitations, we developed a variable polarization imaging system based on multi-working distance of light source for various clinical diagnoses. In this study, we characterize the imaging system and present experiment results demonstrating its clinical usefulness. The imaging system consists of a CCD color camera, linear polarization filters, and a single-layered LED ring light source which provides uniform light distribution at multi-working distances. The first polarizer was placed on the light source and the second polarizer placed on objective lens provides continuous linear polarization angle from $0^{\circ}\;to\;90^{\circ}$. The clinical efficacy of the imaging system was investigated by acquiring and analyzing clinical images of skin wrinkle and dental plaque. With the experiments, we verified the potential usefulness of the imaging system for other clinical applications.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.283-289
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• 2013

The experimental study for the temperature uniformity on the wafer using liquid-vapor phase heat transfer mechanism is performed. For the experiment, the heater plate which is consist of stainless steel container, working fluid and electrical heater is designed, manufactured and tested at the range of 600 to $850^{\circ}C$. The results showed that the phase change type heater plate was much more uniform and stable temperature on the heater plate surface and wafer than the uniform heat flux type heater plate at the atmospheric condition. Also, the results of 300 mm outer diameter of heater plate showed that the same temperature uniformity compared with 230 mm.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.85-98
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• 2002

This study aims to present basic data on current uniforms for the practical improvement and quality betterment of their design by investigating and analysing the uniform designs worn by employees working in department stores, shopping malls and financial firms. For the research, after taking pictures of employees wearing uniforms from various occupations in Daejeon area from April 15 to May 24, 2001, the uniform styles, and the shape, color and pattern of each item were analysed by a group of four costume experts. The result is as follows: First, the uniform forms are classified by the style, and silhouette. It was found that the overall silhouette mostly consisted of hourglass silhouette, and two-piece suits. Second, for the color of each item, black was the most common color for the jacket, skirt, pants and white for the one-piece dress. Third, plain, abstract, and striped patterns, and polka dots were used for the uniforms. Among them the plain pattern accounts for the highest rate.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.7 s.221
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• pp.63-72
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to survey the wearing practices and problems in the working uniform for volunteer fire brigade members and then to develop its design with a improved movement adaptability, physical suitability, ease for equipment accommodation, functionality, convenience and fit. Based on the questionnaire, we have made a testing uniform for volunteer fire brigade members first. Through a subjective analysis for functionality and apparence, we suggested a final design. The final design includes the following elements: 1. It was a two-piece style composed of a jumper and trousers with the upper garments pulled out. Raglan sleeves were used to increase arm's movement scope. Pleats and velcro tapes were attached along the base hem of sleeves to prevent heat transmission. 2. Various types of pockets were attached to secure enough space for keeping things. 3. In trousers, spare space was given at the buttock area with rubber string inserted only at selected part of side lines, and knee pads were attached to prevent wearing out.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.1019-1030
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• 2011

The aim of this study was to develop a pattern of flight attendant uniform shirts to provide better comfort for their work postures. Flight attendants' work postures were evaluated to determine the problems of clothing and mobility during their work. The pattern of the flight attendants' uniform shirt was altered by applying dynamic wearing ease(DWE). DWE was calculated from four standardized dynamic postures and a static posture. An experimental garment was made with the altered postures. The researcher redesigned the pattern of the uniform shirts, which minimizes physical limitations in movements. The fit and mobility of the shirts were evaluated. Results of this study are as follows. First, the five representative work postures were selected by "clothing stress" and "repetitiveness." These postures included raised arms, twisting midriff and shoulder postures. Five representative postures were selected by using the ergonomic posture assessment device index(OWAS). Second, the experimental garment was developed by applying DWE across the back and at armhole depth, back length, and side length. Third, the fit and mobility of the experimental garments and the original uniform shirts were compared at the flight working environment set and 5 dynamic body postures of raising arms. The experimental garments made with an altered pattern provided better fit and mobility than the original sample shirts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.8
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• pp.24-36
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• 2007

This study was performed for 235 caddies of 5 membership golf clubs in Jeonnam area to find out their attitude and usage, satisfaction and preference on uniforms $1^{st}\;to\;15^{th}$ February 2007. The result of the study could be summarized as fellows. First, 69.7% of them affirm in the inquiry of 'to feel belong' and 'to tell from others', but they showed low affirmation in other inquiries. In the case of satisfaction of wearing uniforms, they show low satisfaction in most categories such as design, color, materials, activity, and symbol. Second, the most favored color coordination is the two color coordination in the upper and bottom uniform, and the fevered design pattern is the no-pattern one with single color. The favored uniform constitutes a jacket and a trouser in spring through fall, and a parka long enough to hip line, a polo neck, a vest, and a trouser in winter Third, activity is the most important considering factor in the choice of uniform and is also the most improve-wanted factor in the presently wearing uniform. The most important factor in the characteristic of material is absorption of sweat, but there is especially high dissatisfaction in absorption. It shows that there are demands of functional design considering caddies' working environment and activities. Differentiated from other normal uniforms, the uniform should be improved for caddies to develop their specialty and to feel wearing satisfaction.