• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.104-113
• /
• 2012

This study aimed to find out the improvement plan through analyzing the perception of the expert group engaged in landscape architectural construction and to focus on analyzing the expert groups' experience on Landscape Construction Defects (LCD), defect liability, warranty period, and implementation of the defect liability. The results are as follows: 1. Regarding the experience on the LCD, landscape construction contractors were an awareness of the LCD issue at a serious level, while public-sector clients recognize moderately the LCD issue; and on the first priority in defect implementation, landscape construction contractors considered repair cost while public-sector clients value the identifying causes of defects. 2. In disagreement on the defect liability, landscape construction contractors attributed it to client's lack of responsibility for maintenance while public-sector clients ascribed it to the absence of dealing a criteria with LCD, and regarding the appropriate defect implementation, public-sector clients preferred the following objective by dealing the criteria with LCD while landscape construction contractors advocates by sharing the responsibilities for dealing with LCD based on the identified causes of construction defects. 3. Regarding the warranty period, the public-sector clients considered the 2-year warranty period as appropriate while landscape construction contractors considered it comparatively long, and concerning the commencement of defect warranty period, the public-sector clients viewed it as it should commence to cover the overall completion of the construction while landscape construction contractors perceived it to start on the completion of each work. 4. As for the improvement of the defect implementation system, public-sector clients considered it necessary to establish the objective dealing the criteria with LCD while landscape construction contractors viewed the legislation of maintenance duty. Also, with regard to the important value in establishing and dealing the criteria with LCD, public-sector clients pointed out the objective of the criteria for determining the defects per work type while landscape construction contractors suggested client (user)'s maintenance duty. Because of research, because the system in dealing with LCD is an absence of LCD management agency and dealing the criteria with LCD, it is needed to establish an LCD management agency and make the system in dealing with LCD.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.81-91
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to establish a system of planning elements necessary for effective healing garden. We suggested new planning parts and elements for healing garden through analyzing prior literature and evaluated the importance of planning elements through expert surveys. The results of the study are stated as follows. First, we suggested five planning parts and 19 planning elements. $\LARGE{\cdot}$ Planning parts: Physical environment, social environment, cognitive environment, functional environment, psychological environment. $\LARGE{\cdot}$ Planning elements: Plant planting, garden view, hydroponic space, shade space, work space, recreation space, community space, exercise space, landmark element, sign system, safe facilities and materials, disaster safety facility, universal design, accessible path, economical maintenance, sight openness, privacy guaranteed, variety of resting space, artistic element. Second, as a result of analyzing the importance of planning elements, the first place was the planting, the second place was the safety facilities for the disaster, and the third was diversity of rest space. In addition, the artistic elements and the landmark elements were ranked 18th and 19th, respectively. Third, we evaluated the level of importance of planning elements and classified it into three groups. The most important A group included two elements(plant planting, disaster safety facility), the next important B group included eleven elements(variety of resting space, community space, hydroponic space, universal design, safe facilities and materials, economical maintenance, accessible path, privacy guaranteed, garden view, work space, sight openness) and the less important C group included six elements(shade space, exercise space, recreation space, sign system, artistic element, landmark element). We suggest that, in creating a healing garden, the two elements in A group are essential elements and the eleven elements in B group should be importantly applied. In addition, the six elements in C group are recognized as arbitrarily selectable elements due to the relatively low importance levels.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.159-167
• /
• 1975

Present work was conducted to investigate the combined effects of gamma-radiation and chemical treatment on the inhibition of sprouting and decay of potato tubers. Irish Cobbler, Apollo and Shimabara potato tubers were immersed in 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm solution of salicylic acid for 2 minutes, and then irradiated at doses of 5, 10, and 15 krad using an indoor gamma room of approximately 10,000 Ci of $^{60}Co$. Treated tubers were stored for 8 months at room temperature. The results of this work are summarized as follows: 1. Moisture content of irradiated potato tubers was changed less than the control, and decreased gradually along with an extended storage period. Ascorbic acid content was remarkably decreased by gamma-radiation and an extended storage period. 2. Reducing sugar content of irradiated potato tubers tended to increase greatly compared with unirradiated potato tubers, however, starch content of irradiated potato tubers decreased compared with the control. Reducing sugar and starch content of all groups also decreased gradually along with an extended storage period. 3. The storageability of Irish Cobbler variety was best among three varieties and Shimabara variety was worst among them when gamma-radiation is treated singly or in combination with the chemical. Sprouting of potato tubers was more suppressed in combination treatment than single treatment. 4. Decay of potato tubers was more reduced in combination treatment than single treatment. Chemical treatment or gamma-radiation followed by chemical treatment had no influence on decay or spronting of potato tubers. 5. Weight loss of potato tubers was considerably increased as storage period became extended. Shrinkage was, more serious in Shimabara than in rish Cobbler.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.283-295
• /
• 2007

The technical feasibility of a pyroprocessing of PWR spent fuels to recover nuclear fuel materials, uranium and transuranic elements group(TRU), was examined in this study. Also its applicability as a new fuel cycle technology in terms of non-proliferation was investigated. First, various unit processes were combined to a pyroprocess. Then the flow aspects of such materials of issue as uranium, transuraniums, rare earth, noble metals and heat generating elements were examined on the flowsheet, which was obtained by the assumptions on the basis of various experimental results in this work or separation data collected from literatures. Consequently, the calculated results of the material balance for the whole process showed that uranium and TRU could be recovered as products by 98.0 % and 97.0 %, respectively, from a PWR spent fuel while removing the other elemental groups into radioactive wastes. On the one hand, the TRU product was found to emit a considerable amount of ${\gamma}$-ray as well as neutrons favorably contributing to the strategy of proliferation resistance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.495-507
• /
• 2020

This report addresses the question whether resilience affects attitudes of middle-aged employees toward retirement. Are resilient employees more prepared and/or ready for retirement? To address this question, a survey of over 214 employees aged 50 or more was taken. Participants worked in the Seoul metropolitan area. This study utilized the SPSS 19.0 program. A sophisticated regression analysis software system was conducted to measure and identify relationships and correlations among groups of participants. Our findings included four points. First, male employees were better prepared for retirement than women. Second, the more educated (or the higher the household income), the better prepared was the participant for retirement. Third, the more resilient a worker was, the less was the resistance expected from him/her on retirement. Finally, a positive attitude was an indication the worker would be well-prepared for retirement. In summary, workers who displayed resilience and a positive attitude in their work were best prepared for retirement.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.1216-1234
• /
• 2004

School science practical work is often criticized as lacking key elements of authentic science, such as peer argumentation or debate through which social consensus is obtained. The purpose of this paper is to review the recent studies about the argumentation and to explore the conditions and the model of argumentative scientific inquiry, which is specially designed open inquiry in order to facilitate students' peer argumentation. For this purpose, a theoretical discussion for the argumentative scientific inquiry as the way of authentic inquiry in schools was developed. The conditions for argumentative scientific inquiry were found to be the following: multiple arguments, students' own claims, opportunities for oral and written argumentation, equal status of debaters, and community of cooperative competition. For these conditions, the argumentative scientific inquiry was organized into experiment activities and argumentation activities. During argumentation activity, students should be guided to advance written argumentation through writing a group report for peer review and oral argumentation through a critical discussion. Through the argumentation between groups and in group, the students' arguments would be elaborated repeatedly. The feedback from argumentation links experiment activities to argumentation activities. Hence, the whole process of this inquiry model is circular.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.11-14
• /
• 1975

This work was carried out to determine that ginseng cake (meal) could be substituted for 10% level of chicken feed. The feeding experiment was held with 180 laying hens for 8 weeks. And the results were as tin the followings, 1. Protein content of the ginseng cake was lower (4.25%) than that of the control feed (18.72%: commertial chicken feed), and crude fiber of the ginseng cake was higher (14.73%) than that of the control (9.39%). 2. Slight increasings of body weight were observed in the group of the control feed (10 g) and the group of the feed containing 10% of the ginseng meal (24 g), significant increasing (50 g) was seen in the group of the feed containing 5% of the ginseng meal (p<0.05). 3. The feed efficiency of the ginseng group was slightly higher than that of the control group, but significant defferences were not recognized. 4. Egg laying ratio of the 5% ginseng group was somewhat higher than that of the other groups, and egg weight of each group was almost same. With all the results of this experiments, it was identified that ginseng cake is able to be substituted for the feed of laying hen within 10% level.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.10
• /
• pp.527-536
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study was to explore the components of the geriatric robot pet, which might be helpful in caring for elderly people in the future. Focus group interview-with two focus groups-was performed between August 2014 and December 2014. Study participants were 13 geriatric experts from nursing, medicine, social work, and physical/occupational therapy. All interview data were transcribed, followed by debriefing and a qualitative content analysis. Three main themes emerged: acknowledgment of the usefulness of geriatric robot pet, establishment of elderly-centered appearance, and the functions of the robot pet to meet the needs of elders and family members. The robot pet was considered to be useful to elders who live alone since they can benefit from companionship and care provided by the robot pet. Geriatric robot pet needs to be manageable in size and weight, like a small dog. Moreover, a function that allows for interaction with and monitoring the elderly would be beneficial. The baseline elements that could guide further development of contents for the Korean geriatric robot pet were proposed from the results of FGI. Studies that validate these elements are necessary.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.240-247
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify the professional identity levels and characteristics of occupational therapists through Rasch analysis and to use this as the basis for further assessment and research on the same subject. An online survey was conducted, and the response of 88 people working as occupational therapists between May and June 2020 was analyzed. The collected data included the frequency, analyzed by SPSS 22.0 and technical statistics, Winsteps 3.8.0 target and item suitability, item difficulty, level scale, and separation reliability. According to the analysis, 17 (16.3%) of the subjects and 5 (20%) out of 25 items were unsuitable. Item difficulty was the highest in the category "I systematically read professional publications on occupational therapy", and the lowest level of difficulty in "I make my own decisions about what to do." The three-point scale was suitable for the equilibrium scale, and the separation reliability was between .86 and .95. Thus, identity levels and characteristics of occupational therapists, the suitability of items and subjects, and difficulty levels can be identified through Rasch analysis. In the future, research should be conducted on various sample groups, to develop identity measurement tools specifically for occupational therapists, and to present items appropriate to the characteristics of their work.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.167-172
• /
• 2011

In this work, the effect of surface treatment on mesoporous carbons (MCs) supports was investigated by analyzing surface functional groups. MCs were prepared by a conventional templating method using mesoporous silica (SBA-15) for using catalyst supports in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). The MCs were treated with different phosphoric acid ($H_3PO_4$) concentrations i.e., 0, 1, 3, 4, and 5 M at 343 K for 6 h. And then Pt-Ru was deposited onto surface treated MCs (H-MCs) by chemical reduction method. The characteristics of Pt-Ru catalysts deposited onto H-MCs were determined by specific surface area and pore size analyzer, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron, transmission electron microscopy, and inductive coupled plasma-mass spectrometer. The electrochemical properties of Pt-Ru/H-MCs catalysts were also analyzed by cyclic voltammetry experiments. From the results of surface analysis, an oxygen functional group was introduced to the surface of carbon supports. From the results, the H4M-MCs carbon supports surface treated with 4 M $H_3PO_4$ led to uniform dispersion of Pt-Ru onto H4M-MCs, resulting in enhancing the electro-catalytic activity of Pt-Ru catalysts.