• 펄프종이기술
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.18-27
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• 1998

Biopulping is defined as the treatment of wood chips with lignin-degrading fungi prior to pulping. Fungal pretreatment prior to mechanical pulping reduces electrical energy requirements during refining or increases mill throughput, improves paper strength, reduces the pitch content, and reduces the environmental impact of pulping. Our recent work involved scaling up the biopulping process towards the industrial level, investigating both the engineering and economic feasibility. We envision the process to be done in either a chip-pile or silo-based system for which several factors need to be considered: the degree of decontamination, a hospitable environment for the fungus, and the overall process economics. Currently, treatment of the chips with low-pressure steam is sufficient for decontamination and a simple, forced ventilation system maintains the proper temperature, humidity, and moisture conditions, thus promoting uniform growth of the fungus. The pilot-scale trial resulted in the successful treatment of 4 tons of wood chips (dry weight basis) with results comparable to those on a laboratory. Larger, 40-ton trials were also successful, with energy savings and paper properties comparable with the laboratory scale. The overall economics of the process also look very favorable and can result in significant annual savings to the mill. Although the current research has focused on biopulping for mechanical pulping, it is also beneficial for sulfite chemical pulping and some applications to recycled fiber have been investigated.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.293-301
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 수분 흡착효과가 있다고 알려진 커피박을 첨가하여 중밀도섬유판을 제조한 다음 물성과 강도특성을 조사하여 커피박의 중밀도섬유판 원료로써의 가능성을 확인하고자 하였다. 커피박은 주로 인스턴트커피 제조 시 많이 발생하는 찌꺼기인데 가수분해된 것을 전건무게 기준 3, 6, 9% 수준에서 목섬유와 혼합해 중밀도섬유판을 제조하였으며, 이 때 사용한 접착제는 요소수지접착제였다. 커피박과 목섬유를 섞은 중밀도섬유판에 대해 물성과 강도 특성 및 포름알데히드 방산량을 측정하였다. 커피박과 목섬유를 무작위로 섞어 제조한 중밀도섬유판의 휨강도와 박리강도는 모두 KS 기준보다 높게 나타났으며 커피박을 층으로 구성한 적층 성형구조 경우에는 모두 기준에 미달하였다. 제조된 중밀도섬유판의 흡수 두께팽창률은 시판용 중밀도섬유판보다 낮아 물리적 특성 면에서 현저히 개선됨을 보여주었다. 포름알데히드 방산량은 시판용 중밀도섬유판과 유사한 것으로 나타났으며 모두 KS 기준상의 $E_1$급에 부합하였다. 이런 결과는 커피박이 친환경 중밀도섬유판 제조 시 원재료로 활용될 수 있음을 보여주고 있으며 중밀도섬유판의 성능 향상을 위해서는 접착제와 커피박 간의 상호 접착성 및 커피박의 흡착성능 향상을 위한 전환방법에 대한 추가 연구가 요구된다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.67-78
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• 1990

This study was performed to determine the characteristics of physical and mechanical properties of domestic wood based materials; plywood, particleboard, medium density fiberboard. Main items of tested properties were panel size, moisture content, water absorption, linear expansion and thickness swelling, glue bond shear strength, bending properties(stress at proportional limit, modulus of rupture. modulus of elasticity), tensile strength, screw holding strength, and internal bond as neccessary. the results were discussed mainly with Korean Standards. The obtained conclusions are as follows; 1. Length and width of 3mm thin plywood(3-ply) and 12mm thick plywood(7-ply) were satished with KS-standard, but thicknesses of these panels were not- passed tolerance limit except one of eight makers. 2. Length and width of particleboard and medium density fiberboard were greater than the tolerance limit value of KS standard, but the thicknesses of these panels were passed this value. 3. Moisture contents of 12mm thick and 3mm thin plywood were satisfied with KS-standard except one mill made 3mm thin plywood. 4. Moisture absortion of plywood was not passed tolerance limit of KS-standard but particleboard was satisfied with this standard value. 5. Dry and wet shear strengths in glue bond of 3mm thin plywood were not reached to KS-standard, but those of 12mm thick plywood were sufficiently satisfied with KS standrad. 6. Modulus of ruptures, parallel to grain and perpendicular to grain of plywood, and particleboard and medium density fiberboard were satisfied with KS-standard. 7. Tensile strengths, parallel to grain and perpendicular to grain of plywood were satisfied with allowance stress of US product standard PS 1-74. 8. Screw holding strength of particleboard was not reached to KS standard, but internal bond was satisfied with KS standard.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.100-108
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• 2001

제재목으로부터 얻을 수 있는 부재(部材)(parts)의 수율을 미리 예측할 수 있다면 최고의 수율 보장이 가능한 방법으로 재단할 수 있으므로 목재산업의 생산성을 크게 향상시킬 수 있다. 특히, 옹이와 같은 결점들이 많이 포함되어 있는 국산 중소경재의 경우 수율 예측을 통한 재단최적화는 매우 필요한 공정이 아닐 수 없다. 본 연구에서는 국산 상수리나무와 소나무를 대상으로 제재목 database를 구축하여 다중 종절우선 공정 모형에 적용함으로써 국산재의 가공효율을 탐색하는 동시에 최고의 수율이 보장되는 재단 방법을 제시하고자 하였다.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

This study aimed to determine the optimal conditions for fabricating pitch pine (PCP) and Mongolian oak (MOK) pellets using chestnut-shell tea waste (CSW) and castor oil (CSO) as additives. For pellets fabricated using a pilot-scale flat-die pellet mill, all moisture content (MC) was in line with A1 wood pellet standards for residential and small-scale commercial uses designated by the National Institute of Forest Science at the Republic of Korea (NIFOS), regardless of fabricating conditions; the durability of PCP pellets prepared using PCP particles with 10% MC, and CSW addition also satisfied these criteria. The moisture tolerance of PCP pellets improved with combination of 2 wt% CSW and 2-6 wt% CSO. Overall, use of 20 mesh CSW as an additive, PCP with 10% MC, and MOK with 12% MC was found to be optimal. Moreover, using CSO as an additive, high-quality PCP and MOK pellets can be fabricated by adjusting the particles to 12% MC. However, the durability of PCP and MOK pellets prepared using these conditions did not meet the wood pellet standards for residential and small-scale commercial use. Therefore, further research is needed to improve the durability of these pellets.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.80-86
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• 2024

본 연구는 고체 바이오연료 생산용 원료로서 유채대의 상용화 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 수행하였다. 대형 플라스틱통에 넣은 유채대를 1% 농도의 초산 수용액에 침지하여 단리된 환원당의 함량을 분석한 결과, glucose의 함량이 가장 높았으며, 다음으로 xylose, galactose, arabinose, mannose 순으로 조사되었다. 파일럿 규모의 평다이 펠릿성형기를 이용하여 무침지 및 침지 유채대로 연료용 펠릿으로 제조하였다. 펠릿의 겉보기밀도와 발열량은 침지처리 및 목분의 혼합과 함께 증가하였으며, 이 측정치는 International Organization for Standardization(ISO)의 비목재펠릿 A 등급 기준을 크게 상회하였다. 회분 함량도 침지처리와 함께 감소하여 ISO의 A등급 기준을 만족하였다. 펠릿 내구성의 경우, 유채대의 침지처리로 증가하였으며, 펠릿 제조에 목분의 첨가와 함께 향상되었다. 그러나 그 측정치는 ISO의 B등급 기준(≧96.0%)에 미치지 못하였다. 따라서 초산 수용액 침지 유채대로 생산할 비목재 펠릿의 상용화를 위하여 내구성 향상을 위한 바인더의 사용이 필요하다는 결론을 얻었다.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표논문집
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• pp.168-182
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• 2001

A new concept of stock preparation for the increase of bending stiffness in paper and board was proposed. The 'stiff' fibers, which were mechanically not treated or treated slightly to remove fiber curls, were combined with extensively refined fibers (ERF) to produce higher stiffness papers than those where the whole fibers were refined. The combination of 'stiff' fibers and extensively refined fibers produced higher stiffness at the same tensile strength than the control furnish, in which all the fibers are refined together. In this concept, the fibers from recycled papers could be as much useful as the virgin fibers as long as they are stiff enough or they can produce highly bondable fiber fractions by extensive refining. Use of the concept in real paper mill needs considerations such as increase of refining energy, slower drainage, and added drying burden, but savings of wood fibers, utilization of more recycled fibers, and increase of physical properties may offset the negative concerns. The success of this concept implementation in mills, therefore, depends on the wood fiber market around the mills and the proper decision making for the papermakers about how to apply this concept.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표논문집
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• pp.167-173
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• 2006

Deinking is a series of unit operations designed to detach ink from cellulose fibers and separate the dispersed ink from the pulp slurry. Deinking chemicals are process aids that enable expensive mill equipment used in these unit operations to operate more efficiently - often much more efficiently. We propose the blended deinking agent with cellulolutic enzymes and synthetic collector in deinking pulp of conventional alkaline method. The deinking efficiency of old news print in alkaline pH was enhanced with enzyme treatments. The brightness of deinked pulp was increased with less residual ink particles and yield of enzymatic deinked pulp was improved compared to the deinked pulp of conventional alkaline method. Enzymes in biomass were use to Chemical Deinking for reduce environment pollution through surfactant and improve surfactants. examining into compatibility Enzymes and surfactants, these new materials are studied efficiency of deinking efficiency.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2008

As well as crop cultivation, they could not avoid automatizing and using more environmental friendly process in cultivation of fruit. And also, the consumer ask more safe fruit which is produced with more clean method. This is why the usage of aid materials for fruit cultivation like as fruiting bags are increasing. Practical utilization of wax emulsion treated water repelling fruiting bags are developed continuously and it's properties is compared properties of nomal fruiting bags. The water repelling process was developed with wax emulsion coating. After the experiment of wax emulsion preparation from paraffin and DEA and/or OA in Lab. scale, the wax emulsion was manufactured on pilot scale. The wax emulsion coated paper was prepared in mill scale coater. The water repellency and properties of emulsion coated fruiting bags were evaluated and compared with that of current fruiting bags.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2008

The environment of agriculture in Korea is changed very rapidly. Since the labours in fruit cultivation field are getting older, the resources and the aid materials for farming need to be multi functional and easy to use. Therefore, They have to use various kind of aid materials in field of fruit cultivation like as fruiting bag. The development of practical utilization way of embossing process for manufacturing of fruiting bag and wrapping paper of agricultural products was main purpose of this study. Embossing roll was designed in Ginyong Embo(Co.) for the embossing process of fruiting bag. The embossing treated fruiting bag was manufactured in Agro(Co.) at mill scale. The mechanical properties of embossing paper was investigated and operation efficiency of bagging was tested at field. The properties of embossed paper was satisfied for fruiting bags for cultivation of apple and pear.