• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2015

Objectives: This study aims to identify the influencing factors of using postnatal care among illiteracy women who live in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Methods: Household survey was done from February 1 to 8, 2013 in the Kwango district of Democratic Republic of Congo, and 400 childbearing women who has under 5 years old children and pregnant women was randomly selected and answered through the interview with a questionnaire. For analysis the data, ${\chi}^2$ test and logistic regression analysis were used. Results: Woman who can read, write and mathematical calculation was 195 (47.4%) of total 411 answers and 161 (39.2%) used postnatal care for their latest pregnancy. Age at first marriage (${\chi}^2=18.481$, p<.001), religions (${\chi}^2=11.165$, p=.011), languages (${\chi}^2=35.586$, p<.001), the experience of children death (${\chi}^2=16.507$, p<.001), antenatal care over 4 times (${\chi}^2=15.315$, p<.001), postnatal care (${\chi}^2=15.558$, p<.001) is significantly different from literacy level. Among illiterate women group, who are protestant (OR=.330), using Lingala (OR=.128), took elementary education (OR=.223) and farmer (OR=.040), used less postnatal care. Conclusions: For increasing usage of postnatal care among illiterate women, new approach method should be considered such as a visual communication method and a community health workers' training program for giving an outreach service to pregnant women care.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.46-54
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to understand women's wear manufacturing industries. First, the study was to investigate the present production systems and how much the automatic facility are by comparing them. This study enhanced more efficient, stable, and suitable work line. This intern will direct the way in which automatic facilities will be created. Second, through this study on the general character of the inspectors, the ratio of impaired goods, and the reasons for unsatisfactory goods, I intended to find out a way to decrease the impaired goods and to produce competitive and high quality goods. The results of the survey can be summarized as follows; 1. The result of the research on the automatic industrial facilities shows that the majority of the factories (77.4%) are 40% below the automatic facility rate. The reasons for this according to order are that was a deficit in money, no reason for expensive machines, and lack of the technique and the number of workers required to handle the machines. 2. At this time, the most required equipments are shown according to its importance; automatic sewing machine, automatic cutting machine, automatic spreading machine, and finishing & pressing machine. So in the women's wear manufacturing industries, they think that they need more automatic cutting machine, automatic spreading machine in the cutting field rather than high price automatic machine in the sewing field such as pattern former, pocket welting, automatic sleeve connecting machine and automatic label connecting machine. 3. The result of the research in the goods quality shows that the average impaired rate is 12.7% at the first inspection. In addition the average rate for complete impaired rate is 1.52%. The line system shows that it has a impaired rate that is double the rate of the pair system. Because of this, the industries plan to combine the line system and pair system to create an improved and suitable production system which can boost the quality and productivity of the goods. 4. The fabric is the main point of the impaired goods. The factors of the impaired goods in manufacturing are the lack of mental abilities of the worker, impaired fabrics and a lack of cooperation in the working system. Furthermore, there is a lack of technique for new material. 5. To prohibit impaired goods in manufacturing, there need to be a way to educate the workers and to enhance the workers' mind on the productive goods. Also there need to increase in the investments of automatic production machines. Finally there need to be a standardized working line. Therefore, there need to be an improvement on the management of the production of goods, the development of technique and an increase in the education for the workers, with this there will be a decrease in impaired goods, and an increase in better quality of goods to enforce the domestic apparel industries.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.171-181
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• 2020

본 연구는 미성년 자녀를 둔 임금근로 여성의 일과 가정의 양립에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하는 실증 연구이다. 분석 자료는 한국여성정책연구원의 여성가족패널조사(Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women & Families) 7차 웨이브의 1,113명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구방법으로는 '사회적 지원(가정 내 지원, 모성보호 지원, 보육 및 교육서비스)'과 '일자리 특성', '인구사회학적 변인', '남편의 특성'이 '일과 가정의 양립' 및 '갈등'에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 다중회귀분석을 활용하였다. 분석결과 남편의 직장생활지지, 기업 내의 성차별, 여성의 교육연수는 일과 가정의 양립을 강화하는 요인으로 분석되었다. 그리고 기업 내의 성차별, 보육 및 교육시설 이용도, 미성년 자녀수, 남편 연령, 남편의 돌봄 도움만족도, 남편의 직장생활지지는 일과 가정의 갈등 요인으로 분석되었다. 따라서 일과 가정의 양립을 강화하는 방향이 장기적인 정책 방향이라면, 단기적으로는 갈등요인을 감소시킬 수 있는 정책의 보완 및 강화가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과가 미성년 자녀를 둔 임금근로 여성들의 모성보호와 일과 가정의 양립을 강화시키기 위한 객관적이고 학술적인 자료로 활용되기를 기대한다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.276-284
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• 2013

This study compared levels of health and dietary behavior practices and health beliefs according to the stage of weight loss behavior change of Korean male workers. A self-administered survey questionnaire was collected from 411 male adult workers residing in Seoul, Kyeonggi, Chungcheong region. Practices of health related behavior, including smoking, drinking, exercise, work related physical activity, and dietary behavior according to dietary guidelines were evaluated. In addition, the levels of perceived benefit, perceived barrier, perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, and perceived cue to action from the health belief model were measured according to the stages of weight loss behavior change. Significant differences in BMI, level of daily exercise, and practices of dietary behavior according to dietary guidelines were observed among stages of weight loss behavior change. Subjects who were in action/maintenance stage showed a more desirable level of health behavior and health belief model variables, except perceived barrier. Based on the findings of this study, it is suggested that subjects with different stages of behavior change need an appropriate specific nutrition education method and material for improvement of nutrition education efficacy.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.98-104
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to measure the fear of dental care and analyze the related factors between reliability for members in dental office and fear of dental care, dental office. Methods : Located in Gwangju, 260 college women who had dental experience in the past year were surveyed. SPSS windows ver. 11.0 by demographic characteristics and oral health characteristics of the frequency and percentage, and related factors in the fear of dental care and the reliability about dental health care workers of one way ANOVA, Tukey test for Post-Hoc test. and were factors associated with dental fear of the stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed. Results : The fear will be higher when subjective oral health status is considered lower, the reliability of dental health care workers is lower(p<0.05). Evasion and overall fear, overall fear and stimulations of dental care, stimulations of dental care and overall feeling were related(p<0.05). Conclusions : The reliability of dental health care workers is lower and subjective oral health status is considered lower, the fear of dental care increase and everage number of brushing has increased, the fear of dental care decrease.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.151-165
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• 2005

The current study aims to help field managers of companies providing foodservice for institutions to establish the more appropriate cost management strategy by analyzing the cost structure of foodservice center in institutions by operating types and the number of people served. From the result analyzing 161 foodservice centers, the number of factories was highest with 39.8% while offices 26.7%, schools 20.5%, and hospitals 13%. In terms of the number of people served, below 500 persons was 27.6%, 501${\sim}$l,000 persons was 23.9%, 1,001${\sim}$2,000 persons was 22.7%, and over 2,001 persons was 25%. In the demographic characteristics of managers, women occupied over 92%. The reason for this is usually dieticians perform management duties. For the age of workers, 70.8% were older than 40s, which ran become the cause of a rise in cost by causing the decrease of productivity by aging. Therefore, appropriate countermeasures are required. In case of workers in production, women occupy 962 persons (82.2%) rating absolute majority like mangers. This is because cooks are in charge of almost every producing activity of meal facilities. In addition, more than 72.9% of workers in production were over 40 years old, which requires diversified studies to promote efficiency of production associated with the aging problem. In proportion of sales compared with cost material cost presented the highest percentage with 54.5% while labor cost 28.3%, general expenses 9.6% and business profit 7.6%.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.356-363
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• 2017

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate which physical and psychosocial work demands were associated with excellent work ability in individuals with neck pain, and to investigate age and sex differences in these associations. Methods: The study sample was obtained from the Statistics Sweden cross-sectional Work Environment survey and consisted of workers who reported neck pain after work (N = 3,212). Results: The findings showed an association between excellent work ability and self-reported low exposure to lifting, twisted work posture, working with hands in shoulder level or higher, and leaning forward without support and combination of exposures containing these work demands. Low exposure to seated work and high demands showed a reversed association. The associations were present mainly among older workers and were generally stronger for men than for women. Conclusion: This study indicates that a lower level of physically demanding work is an important element to maintain excellent work ability, especially for the older worker with neck pain.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.29-50
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• 2012

본 연구는 최저임금이 저임금 근로자의 신규 채용에 미치는 효과를 시계 열 자료에서 추정한 결과를 제시한다. 분석 결과에 의하면 신규로 채용되는 저임금 근로자의 규모가 최저임금에 민감하게 반응하는 것으로 나타났으며, 그 효과는 여성, 고연령층 및 영세 업체 일자리에서 두드러진다. 이와 같이 최저임금이 저임금 신규 채용을 크게 위축시킬 가능성이 높다는 결과는, 단기적 고용조정의 경직성으로 인해 기존 저임금 근로자의 고용조정이 어려움에 따라 최저임금의 노동수요 위축 효과가 대부분 신규 채용의 위축으로 전가되고 있을 가능성을 시사한다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.239-248
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• 2010

우리나라 20세 이상 성인 37,108명을 대상으로 노동형태와 성별에 따른 이중적 문제를 동시에 가지고 있는 여성육체근로자의 건강수준과 의료 이용을 분석한 결과, 여성의 만성질환의 유병률이 남성보다 높고, 특히 여성 육체근로자의 만성질환 유병률, 미치료율, 건강행태가 남성보다 좋지 않게 분석되었다. 그리고 만성질환 유병률과 미치료율, 건강행태의 육체근로 여부별 차이는 남성에서보다 여성에서 더 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 의료이용에 대해서도 외래방문횟수에서는 유의한 차이가 없었으나 여성 육체근로자의 외래진료비가 여성 중에서 가장 적은 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서 여성 육체근로자의 건강수준이 낮음에도 불구하고 적절한 의료이용을 하지 못하는 건강불평등상태에 있을 가능성을 보여주었다. 그러므로 건강불평등을 해소시키기 위해서는 육체근로자에 대한 정책적 배려 이외에도 여성 육체근로자에 대한 배려가 추가로 고려되어야 할 것으로 보인다. 그러나 이 연구는 노동형태별, 성별 차이를 분석함에 있어 연령이외에 건강수준과 의료이용에 영향을 미치는 다양한 환경적, 경제적, 사회적 요인들이 통제하지 못하였으며, 자료수의 한계로 만성질환의 의료이용과 일부 행태만을 분석하고 있고, 연구 자료의 수집연도가 오래되어, 연구 결과의 해석에 주의가 필요하다.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-30
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• 2007

이 논문은 한국노동패널 조사자료를 이용하여 한국에서의 남성과 여성의 교육투자수익률을 추정하였다. Mincer 타입의 임금함수를 이용하여 평균적인 교육투자수익률을 추정해 본 결과, 남성과 여성의 교육투자수익률이 크게 차이가 나지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 연령대가 높아질수록 남성의 수익률은 높아지고, 여성의 수익률은 낮아지는 현상 때문에 나타난 결과로 판단된다. 학위효과(sheepskin effect)를 추정해 보면, 대학 학위가 남성근로자의 임금에는 거의 영향을 주지 않으나, 여성에게는 큰 임금상승효과를 가져온다는 것을 발견하였다. 이는 대학교육이 남성보다 여성의 임금수준에 더 큰 영향을 미친다는 또 하나의 증거가 될 수 있다. 대학입학시험 성적 변수를 사용하여, 가능한 한 개인의 생산성 차이가 임금수준에 미치는 영향을 배제하고, 교육이 임금수준에 미치는 영향을 추정해 보고자 하였다. 그 결과 남성의 경우에는 교육이 임금수준에 미치는 영향이 거의 발견되지 않은 반면에, 여성의 경우 그 영향이 크고 유의하게 나타났다. 이러한 모든 발견들은, 교육수준이 여성의 임금수준에 보다 큰 영향을 미친다는 주장을 강하게 지지한다 하겠다. 따라서 기존의 연구에서 남녀를 구분하지 않거나 이 논문에서 남녀 간 평균 교육수익률이 큰 차이를 보이지 않은 것은 이 논문에서 제시하는 각종 원인에 의해 일부 왜곡된 것이며, 실제로는 여자가 더 높다는 것을 보인다. 또한 이는 미국을 비롯한 대부분의 OECD 국가의 경우와도 일치한다.