• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2014

Objectives: We established a Wistar rat model of asthma caused by toluene diisocyanate (TDI) exposure, and investigated the relationship between TDI exposure concentrations and respiratory hypersensitivity, airway inflammation, and cytokine secretions in animals, to better understand the mechanism of TDI induced occupational asthma. Methods: Wistar rats were exposed to two different concentrations of TDI vapor four hours a day for five consecutive days. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed, and differential leucocytes from the BAL fluid were analyzed. Lung histopathological examination was carried out to investigate the inflammatory status in the airways. Production of cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 productions in the BAL fluid in vivo was determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results: The TDI-exposed rats exhibited greater airway hypersensitivity symptoms than the control rats. The BAL differential cell count and lung histopathological examination demonstrated that inflammation reactions were present in both the central and peripheral airways, characterized with marked infiltration of eosinophils in the TDI-exposed rats. The cytokine assay showed that IL-4 and IL-5 were predominantly produced in the BAL fluid in vivo. Conclusions: These findings imply that TDI exposure concentrations may greatly affect the occurrence and extent of inflammatory events and that Th2 type cytokines may play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of TDI-induced occupational respiratory hypersensitivity.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.350-357
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased worldwide in parallel with overnutrition characterized by high-fat and high-carbohydrate intake. Our objective was to establish, in 16 weeks, a model of NAFLD in Wistar pathogen-free rats following four dietary types. MATERIALS/METHODS: Forty (6 weeks old) healthy Wistar male rats, weighing an average of 150 g were randomly divided into four groups of ten and assigned a diet with the same quantity (15 g/rat/day), but with different composition. The moderate-fat (MF) group was fed a moderate-fat diet (31.5% fat and 50% carbohydrates), the high-fat (HF) group was fed a fat-rich diet (51% fat), the high-sucrose (HS) group and the high-fructose (HFr) group were fed a carbohydrate-rich diet (61%). The carbohydrate contents of the HS group was composed of 60.3% sucrose while that of the HFr group was composed of 59.3% fructose. RESULTS: At week 16, the HF group had the highest percentage of cells enriched in fat (40%) and the highest weight and liver weight (P < 0.05). The HFr group showed significantly higher levels of serum triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase and adiponectin at week 16 as compared to week 1 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The 15 g/rat/day diet composed of 51% fat or 61% carbohydrates enriched mainly in fructose may induce characteristics of NAFLD in rats.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.91-102
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• 2005

1. Objectives The purpose of this study is to find out effects of Hyeongbangpaedok-san(HBPDS) and Dokhwaljihwang(DHJH) against decline of physical function as aging. 2. Methods Administrating HBPDS and DHJH to 40-week-old Wistar rat for 10 weeks so, I researched weight change, weight change of internal organs, and hematological and serological changes. 3. Results & Conclusions 1. Both examining groups, which were taken HBPDS and DHJH, got more weight than control group. But that was regardless. 2. Both examining groups got more weight on internal organs than control group. But that was regardless, too. 3. Both examining groups decreased in amount of MDA in serum, as contrasted with control group. But it was regardless. 4. Both examining groups improved on hematological condition. WBC, RBC, Hgb, monocytes and eosinophil rates were decreasing and HCT and PLT were increasing. Especially monocytes(p<0.001) and eosinophil(p<0.05) rate of DHJH taken group was decreased remarkably. 5-1. Both examining groups show decline in each item of functional examination of liver, such as ALT, AST, T-bilirubin, T-protein, ALB, A/G. T-chol, TG, etc. HBPDS taken group showed meaningful decline in Albumin(p<0.01) and A/G(p<0.01) and DHJH taken group showed meaningful decline in T-bilirubin(p<0.01). 5-2. Both examining groups showed decline in items of functional examination of kidneys. Specially HBPDS taken group showed meaningful decline in CRN rate(p<0.05) and DHJH taken group showed meaningful decline in BUN rate(p<0.05). As those results, HBPDS and DHJH are effective against decline of physical function as aging.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.1177-1182
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• 2004

Polyclonal anti-sera were collected from sheep and chicken immunized with adipocytes plasma membranes. Thirty two male wistar rats, weighing 185-215 grams, were divided randomly into 4 groups (trial 1: control group and treat group, trial 2: control group and treat group), with 8 rats in each group. The experiment lasted for 7 weeks. Trial one: The control group received four consecutive daily intraperitoneal injections of 1ml of sheep normal sera. The same 4 day daily dose of group sheep anti-rats sera adipocyte plasma membrane anti-sera was administered to the treat group. The results showed that the treatment for treat group increased body weight by 6.35% (p<0.05) and food intake by 6.85%, and improved food conversion efficiency (Food intake/gain) by 45.00% (p<0.05). Periernal, epididymal and omental adipose deposit weights were decreased by 23.92% (p<0.05), 34.45% (p<0.05) and 0.98% respectively, while total fat content decreased by 20.92%. Trial two: The control group received four consecutive daily intraperitoneal injections of 1 ml of chicken normal sera, the results of injections of chicken anti-rats sera adipocyte plasma membrane antis-era administered to the treat group indicated that chicken anti-rats adipocyte plasma membranes immunization had an disadvantageous effect on the growth of the wistar rats by the end of 7th wk, compared with the control group. The immunized group decreased in total weight by 40 gram (p<0.05) an averagely and in food intake noticeably (p<0.01). The deposition of fat and the rates of TG and FFA in serum had no statistical significance.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.299-305
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• 2008

Active cardiovascular anaphylactic response was induced in ovalbumin-sensitized, pithed Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats. On intravenous administration of the antigen, ovalbumin, marked tachycardia and pressor responses were immediately elicited. Thereafter, a delayed long-lasting severe hypotensive response was observed. These anaphylactic cardiovascular responses were maximal 2-3 weeks after the sensitization, and the response was slightly diminished 6 weeks after sensitization. The immediate pressor response was blocked by a non-selective serotonin antagonist methysergide at a dose-dependent manner, but not by histamine receptor antagonists mepyramine (pyrilamine) or cimetidine. The delayed hypotension was reduced either by histamine $H_1$ receptor antagonist mepyramine or $H_2$ receptor antagonist cimetidine, both in a dose-dependent manner. The tachycardic response was not influenced by serotonin or histamine receptor antagonists examined in this study. Differently from the cardiovascular responses, there was no observable bronchial contraction in Sprague-Dawley rat trachea in contrast to Wistar rat where the trachea contracted to in vitro antigen challenge. The cardiovascular anaphylactic model seems to be useful for studying cardiovascular events that occur exclusively in peripheral heart-blood vessel systems. The involvement of two major anaphylactic mediators, serotonin and histamine, is partially demonstrated.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.254-260
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• 2023

Skeletal metastases are common in patients suffering from various primary cancers. Radiopharmaceuticals are an effective option for bone pain palliation. In this work, the radiation absorbed dose of ¹⁷⁷Lu-EDTMP radiopharmaceutical was estimated for adult man based on biodistribution data in Wistar rats. The MIRD dose calculation method and the Sparks and Aydogan methodology were applied. The results shows that about 46% of injected activity is cumulated on the surface of the trabecular and cortical bones. Radiation absorbed doses of red bone marrow and osteogenic cells were estimated to about 1.1 and 6.2 mGy/MBq, respectively. The maximum administrated activity was obtained 27 MBq/kg of body weight with an effective dose of 0.23 mSv/MBq. The results were compared with other available data from literature. This study indicated that ¹⁷⁷Lu-EDTMP provides therapeutic efficacy for achieving bone pain palliation with low undesired dose to other normal organs.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.253-261
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• 1989

장기적으로 소금량을 다르게 섭취시킴에 따라서, 체내의 Na 대사에 관여하는 호르몬인 aldosterone, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) 및 renin 분비와 신장의 배설 반응에 나타나는 변화를 정상 혈압쥐 Wistar와 spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR)에서 비교하고자 실험하였다. 생후 7주의 숫쥐인 Wistar와 SHR에게 저염과 고염 식이 (각각 2, 25 mmol Na/100 g diet)를 6주간 먹였다. 그 후 ether 마취하에서 대퇴 동맥과 정맥 및 방광에 관을 삽입한 후, restraining cage에 넣었다. 수술회복 후 안정시 뇨와 혈액을 채취한 후, 0.9% saline을 30분동안 체중의 3%되게 정맥주입(혈장량 증가)하고 뇨와 혈액을 채취하였다. 혈장의 호르몬을 방사면역법으로 측정하였다. Wistar와 SHR의 저염, 고염 식이군의 성장률에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. Wistar 저염과 고염군의 평균 동맥혈압은 각각 113과 110 mmHg로 차이가 없었으며, SHR의 동맥압은 141과 149mmHg로 고염군이 높았다. 저염식이군에서 혈장 aldosterone농도는 고염군보다 월등히 높았고, ANP 농도는 차이가 없었으며, renin은 고염군보다 낮았다. 혈장량 증가 이후 혈장 aldosterone은 모든 군에서 $30{\sim}40%$정도 감소하였고, renin은 $30{\sim}60%$정도 감소하였다. 혈장량 증가 이후 ANP는 증가하였는데 고염군에서의 증가도가 저염군에서보다 월등히 높았다. 혈장량 증가 이전의 Wistar군의 혈장 aldosterone과 renin의 대조치 값은 SHR보다 유의하게 높았고, ANP 농도는 차이가 없었다. 그러나 혈장량 증가 이후의 Wistar와 SHR의 aldosterone과 renin의 감소정도는 유의한 차이가 없었으나, ANP의 증가도는 Wistar가 SHR보다 높은 경향을 보였다. 호르몬들 중에서 혈장 aldosterone과 renin사이에는 양의 대수함수 관계가 있으며, 기울기는 고염군이 저염군보다 유의하게 높았다. 혈장량 증가 이후에 나타나는 뇨량과 소금 배설률의 증가 정도는 고염군과 저염군 사이에 차이가 없었다. 그러나 SHR이 Wistar보다 더 심한 이뇨와 Na 배설항진 반응을 보였다. 이상의 결과는 소금 섭취량에 따라서 aldosterone, ANP 및 renin의 분비 조절이 다르며, 정상 혈압과 고혈압쥐 사이에서도 차이가 있음을 시사해 주고 있다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.8-13
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• 1980

연기성분의 생체내 활성을 억제시키기 위하여 Wistar male rat에 담배연기 응축물과 이의 중성분획을 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg 각각 복강주사한후 경시적으로 Lactic acid dehydrogenase(LDH) activity를 대조군과 비교하여 유해정도를 검토하였다. 그리고 연기 성분의 활성 억제물질로 선정한 flavone과 butylatedhydroxyanisole(BHA)를 각각 1mg/1kg처리하여 그 활성억제 정도를 관찰한 결과 flavone처리에 의한 연기응축물의 LDH activity는 전반적으로 현저한 감소현상을 보였으며 12시간후에는 641 unit로서 처리하지 않았을 때의 1040unit에 비하여 괄목할만한 결과를 나타냈다. 그러나 BHA처리에 의한 결과는 flavone보다 다소 저조한 현상을 보였다. 따라서 flavone은 연기 응축물의 활성억제에 보다 효과적인 것으로 생각된다. 한전 중성분획처리의 경우는 flavone에 비하여 BHA가 LDH활성도 억제헌상을 보였는데 주사후 6∼18시간사이에 LDH활성도가 100∼200unit의 감소현상을 나타냈다. 그러므로 중성분획에는 BHA가 바람직한 억제물질로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1975

After ablactation, wistar strain white male rats, weighing 270g and 340g, were fed with a diet of CLEA for three months. The whole daily excretion of each feces and urine were collected, and extracted with water($80^{\circ}C$ hot water). The combined extraction were filtered and the $B_2$ was determined with the parts of the filterates by the lumiflavin fluorometric method, and the FMN, FAD and FR with the rest of the filterates by paper chromatography. The following results were obtained; 1. $B_2$ contents in the feces were $27.52{\gamma}$ per 100 grams per body weight, and $83.93{\gamma}$ per each rat per day. 2. $B_2$ contents in the urine were $18.47{\gamma}$ per 100 grams per body weight, and $56.33{\gamma}$ per each rat per day. The total daily excretion of $B_2$ contents in the feces were 1. 5 times as much as in the urine. 3. Among the total daily $B_2$ excretion of one white wistar strain rat in the feces were the following ; FAD, 81.0% ; FMN, 14.9% ; FR, 3.3%. Therefore the order of the contents were FAD>FMN>FR.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.277-282
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• 1992

국내에서 카리니주폐포자충(Pneumocystis carinii, 이하 Pc) 연구에 적합한 동물모델을 개발하고자, 총 7종류 의 실험동물(흰쥐, 기니픽, 햄스터, 개, 고양이, 토끼 및 돼지)에 methyl prednisolone(Depomedrol", Korea Upiohn Ltd.)을 주사하여 면역억제를 유발하고 폐를 슬라이드 글라스에 문질러 도말표본을 만들었다. 도말표본을 Diff Quik 염색 후 광학현미경으로 관찰하여 Pc의 감염전도를 음성 (0), 0.5+, 1+, 2+ 및 3+의 5등급으로 구분하였다. 실험동물 중 흰쥐에서만 Pc폐염이 유발되고 다른 동물에서는 Pc를 관찰하지 못하였다. 대부분 의 동물은 전신쇠약의 증세를 보였으며, 대체로 면역억제 6주경부터 사망하기 시작하였다. 흰쥐의 경우 실험한 세 계통 모두에서 감염을 확인하였다. Sprague-Dawley 흰쥐의 경우 총 136마리 중 86마리63.2%)가 Pc 감염 되었고, Fisher 휜쥐는 76마리 중 63마리 (82.9%)에서, Wistar 흰쥐는 106마리 중 77마리 (72.6%)에서 Pc 감염 이 양성이었다. 감염정도와 시기에서도 차이가 있어서 Wistar 흰쥐에서 더 이른 시기에 높은 감염정도로 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과에 의하면 Pc 병원체를 얻기에는 흰쥐 세 계통 중 Wistar 흰쥐가 Pc연구에 가장 적합한 실험동물이고 그외의 실험동물은 Pc 감염에 적합하지 않음을 확인하였다.