• 제목/요약/키워드: winter tree

검색결과 125건 처리시간 0.022초

종 분포 모형을 활용한 새로운 구상나무 서식지 탐색, 그리고 식물보전 활용 (A Detection of Novel Habitats of Abies Koreana by Using Species Distribution Models(SDMs) and Its Application for Plant Conservation)

  • 김남신;한동욱;차진열;박용수;조현제;권혜진;조용찬;오승환;이창석
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제18권6호
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    • pp.135-149
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    • 2015
  • Korean fir(Abies koreana E.H.Wilson 1920), endemic tree species of Korean peninsula, is considered as vulnerable and endangered species to recent rapid environmental changes such as land use and climate change. There are limited activities and efforts to find natural habitats of Korean fir for conservation of the species and habitats. In this study, by applying SDMs (Species Distribution Models) based on climate and topographic factors of Korean fir, we developed Korean fir's predicted distribution model and explored novel natural habitats. In Mt. Shinbulsan, Youngnam region and Mt. Songnisan, we could find korean fir's two novel habitat and the former was the warmest($13^{\circ}C$ in annual mean temperature), the driest(1,200mm~1,600mm in annual rainfall) and relatively low altitude environment among Korean fir's habitats in Korea. The result of SDMs did not include mountain areas of Gangwon-do as habitats of A. nephrolepis, because there were different contributions of key habitat environment factors, summer rainfall, winter mean temperature and winter rainfall, between A. koreana and A. nephrolepis. Our results raise modification of other distribution models on Korean fir. Novel habitat of Korean fir in Mt. Shinbulsan revealed similar habitat affinity of the species, ridgy and rocky site, with other habitats in Korea. Our results also suggest potential areas for creation of Korea fir's alternative habitats through species reintroduction in landscape and ecosystem level.

충주시 가로변 토양과 가로수 식생에 미치는 계절별 제설제의 영향 (The Seasonal Impacts of De-icing Salts on Soil and Vegetation in Chung-ju City)

  • 김재영;박주영;윤용한;주진희
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제26권8호
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    • pp.993-998
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    • 2017
  • De-icing salts applied to roads during winter enable safe driving conditions. However, these salts are eventually displaced to roadside areas at which they can negatively impact soil, vegetation, and water resources. This purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between foliar damage ratio (NY = 0-25%, SY = 26-50%, CY = 51-75%) on roadside trees (Ginko biloba) and seasonal impact of de-icing salts on soil and vegetation. Thirty roadside trees were selected at 8 m intervals between the Konkuk and Judeok intersections in Chung-ju city. The results reveal that seasonal soil acidity is relatively alkaline for foliar damage ratio of Ginko biloba was CY compared to NY. Also, electronic conductivity of each seasonal sampling was recorded as high in winter and spring, whereas the opposite trend is observed in summer. Various plants species were identified in abundance under roadside trees within NY roadside sections. These same species were observed in reduced numbers within CY sections. Strong negative correlations were identified between foliar damage ratio on roadside trees and vegetation. This relationship may be a method to use in predicting the accumulation of de-icing salt and visible injuries on roadside trees.

남부지역 도시녹지의 난대상록활엽수 동해피해 특성 (Freezing Injury Characteristics of Evergreen Broad-Leaved Trees in Southern Urban Area, Korea)

  • 정수영;이광수;유병오;박용배;주남규;김형호;박준형
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제103권4호
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    • pp.528-536
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    • 2014
  • 최근 기후변화로 인해 관심이 증대되는 도시 녹지 내 난대상록활엽수의 동해피해 현황을 조사하여 그 특성을 분석하였다. 각 개체목의 주요 부위별 피해빈도를 분석한 결과, 줄기 피해는 동백나무가 59.6%로 가장 낮았으며, 후피향나무가 83.3%로 가장 많은 피해를 입은 것으로 나타났다. 피해도는 지역별로 진주지역이 가장 피해가 심하였으며(p<0.001), 식재구역의 경우 생태공원이 가장 높은 피해도를 보였다(p<0.001). 식재 환경별로 수하식재지(p<0.01), 단목식재(p<0.001), 평탄지(p<0.001) 및 유기물이 많은 곳(p<0.05)에서 피해도가 낮았다. 생육인자와 피해도와 간의 상관분석 결과 수고, 수관폭의 상관계수가 각각 -0.432, -0.470으로 피해도와 부의 상관관계로 나타났다. 따라서 효율적인 난대상록활엽수의 도시녹지 조성을 위해서는 수종, 입지환경 특성을 충분히 고려하여야 할 것으로 사료된다.

Landsat TM에 의한 안면도 산림자원 변화경향 분석 (Variation Analysis of Forest Resourcs in Anmyundo Using Landsat TM)

  • 송무영;신광수
    • 한국지구과학회지
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.188-200
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    • 2000
  • 15년간의 안면도의 landsat TM 영상과 50여 년의 지형도 및 25년 사이의 항공사진을 토대로, 지형, 지질답사와 산림조사를 실시하고 이들로부터 지질특성, 지형변화 및 산림자원의 변화경향을 파악하였다. 소나무 숲만을 대상으로 볼 때, 겨울철의 식생지수가 0.5 이상인 지역이 소나무 숲과 일치하며 대체적으로 30년 내지 50년 연령의 숲에서 최대의 식생지수를 보이며 고령으로 가면서 약간 감소할 뿐, 별 차이를 보이지 않는다. 활엽수 및 초지와 침엽수의 구분은 계절별 식생지수의 급격한 변화 및 지형과의 대비로서 가능하였다. 지형변화는 창기리 부근에서 약 370년 전 운하를 건설한 이후, 조석에 의해 지속적인 침식이 진행 중이며 해안선에 발달해있던 만곡부는 방조제의 축조로 간척사업이 특히 과거 30여 년 동안에 진행되어 논 경작지가 크게 증가되었다. 소나무 숲의 면적을 해석하면, 1986년에는 소나무 삼림면적이 35.91km$^2$, 1993년에는 33.15 km$^2$이며, 안면도 남동부의 장곡리, 누동리에서는 1986년에는 넓게 분포했던 소나무 숲이 93년에는 초지로 바뀌어 있음이 나타나고, 중북부에서는 대체로 소나무 숲의 면적이 1986년에 비하여 1993년에 증가한 것으로 해석된다.

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BIOME-BGC 모형을 이용한 국내 소나무 고사의 기후 및 토심 영향 분석 (Modelling Analysis of Climate and Soil Depth Effects on Pine Tree Dieback in Korea Using BIOME-BGC)

  • 강신규;임종환;김은숙;조낭현
    • 한국농림기상학회지
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.242-252
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    • 2016
  • 생태계 과정 모형인 BIOME-BGC를 이용해 국내 상록침엽수림의 탄소-물 순환 과정의 계절 및 연간 변화를 모의하여 국내의 소나무 고사 현상의 기후-토심 영향을 분석하였다. 연구지로 2009년과 2014년 각각 소나무 대량 고사가 발생한 밀양과 울진을 선정하였다. 두 지역의 표준강수지수를 산정한 결과 약 5년 내외의 주기의 가뭄현상을 판별하였다. 2000년 중반 이후 가뭄은 고온 건조 기후 특성을 보였다. 모형의 여러 변수를 조사한 결과, 임시탄소저장소인 Cpool 변수가 탄소기아에 의한 소나무고사 현상과 개연성이 큰 변수로 나타났다. Cpool의 감소는 총일차생산성(GPP) 감소 혹은 유지호흡(Rm) 증가의 결과로 발생하였고, 연구기간 중 Cpool이 최저값을 보인 해는 각 연구지역에서 소나무 대량 고사가 발생한 해와 잘 일치하였다. 두 지역 모두 가뭄에 의한 GPP 감소와 고온에 의한 Rm 증가가 Cpool의 감소를 초래하였는데, GPP와 Rm의 상대적 기여도는 지역별로 상이하였다. 특히 저온다습한 울진의 경우 Rm 증가 영향이 중요한 요인이었다. 한편 낮은 토심에서 생산성, 생체량, 증산량, Cpool 등 제반 탄소-물 관련 변수가 감소하였고 연간 변동폭이 증가하였다. 그러나 0.5 m 이하 토심에서는 Cpool에 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 보아 일정 수준 이하의 토심에서 생체량-생산성-유지호흡 간의 균형에 따라 Cpool이 유지되는 적응 메커니즘이 나타난 것으로 보인다. 이 연구의 결과 소나무 고사와 관련한 고온건조-탄소 기아 가설을 제안하였고, 보다 현실적 분석을 위한 향후 모형 개선 방향을 제안하였다.

리기다소나무 입목(立木)의 수분분포(水分分布)에 관(關)하여 (The moisture distribution in standing Pitch Pine trees)

  • 이필우;한관석
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.45-49
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    • 1968
  • 이 시험(試驗)은 리기다소나무의 재(材) 부분별(部分別) 함유(含有) 수분량(水分量)을 조사(調査)하기 위(爲)하여 실시(實施)된 시험(試驗)인데 조사(調査)된 재부분(材部分)은 간재(幹材)에서 심재(心材)와 변재(邊材) 그리고 기재(技材), 말목재(末木材), 근재등(根材等)이다. 이 시험(試驗)에서 사용(使用)한 시험목(試驗木)과 측정(測定)된 재부분별(材部分別) 평균함수율치(平均含水率値)는 table(l), (2)와 같고 다음과 같은 결론(結論)을 얻었다. (1) 리기다소나무 동계벌목재(冬季伐木材)의 각(各) 재부중(材部中)에서 함수율(含水率)이 가장 높은 부분(部分)은 말목재(末木材)이었고 가장 낮은 부분(部分)은 심재(心材)이었다. (2) 재부분별(材部分別) 함수율(含水率)을 비교(比較)하여 보면 근재(根材)와 기재간(技材間) 그리고 근재(根材)와 변재간(邊材間)에는 차이(差異)가 없었고 말목재(末木材)와 기타재부간(其他材部間) 그리고 심재(心材)와 기타재부간(其他材部間)에는 차이(差異)가 있었다. (3) 개체간(個體間)의 재부분별(材部分別) 연균(年均) 함수율간(含水率間)에는 일반적(一般的)으로 큰 변이(變異)가 없으나 기재(技材)에서는 매우 큰 변이(變異)를 나타낸다.

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Effect of forest restoration treatment on Abies holophylla growth and soil condition: Focusing on the Daegwallyeong alpine pastures

  • Ju-Eun Kim;Jeong-Hyeon Bae;So-Jin Kim;Ki-Hyung Park;Namin Koo;Won-Seok Kang;YuGyeong Jung
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제51권1호
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    • pp.25-39
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    • 2024
  • This study aimed to determine a method for restoring grasslands to forests in mountainous areas. The study was conducted in an area damaged by trampling due to construction activity and herding. Additionally, there were concerns of hindered tree growth due to the alpine region climate, characterized by the low temperatures, drying, and strong winds. Therefore, forest restoration treatments such as tillage, furrow, and shading were performed to improve growth conditions. From July 2021 to April 2023, soil temperature and moisture were monitored for each treatment plot, and changes in the initial growth and survival rate of Abies holophylla were investigated. Both soil temperature and soil moisture showed significantly higher values during the four seasons in the grassland-furrow treatment plot (p < 0.05). Compared to the grassland-control plot, the average soil temperature in winter was as high as 1.1℃, and the soil moisture in summer was as high as 20.3%. Additionally, the survival rate and relative growth rate were the largest in the grassland-furrow treatment plot. The survival rate was 87.5%, the relative growth rate in terms of height was 0.013, and the relative growth rate in terms of diameter at root collar was 0.023, indicating that furrow treatment had a positive effect on the initial survival and growth of seedlings. These results suggest that furrow treatment may be an appropriate restoration method when implementing forest restoration projects in areas where tree growth is challenged.

제주한란의 자생환경 특성 및 분포에 관한 연구 (Habitat Characteristics and Distribution of Cymbidium kanran Native to Jejudo, Korea)

  • 이종석
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.40-49
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    • 2004
  • This work carried out to define the characteristic of Cymbidium kanran habitat at Mt. Halla in Jejudo, Korea from the ecological point of view including geological and topographical features, air and soil temperature, relative humidity, fluctuations of light intensity, habitat vegetation, distribution altitude, area limit, and etc. And another goal of this study consider the conservation counterplan of the cymbidium habitat. Natural distribution areas of the cymbidium were observed more abundantly on the well drained south and east-facing slopes. Soil acidity was ranged from pH 4.1 to 5.3, and electric conductivity was ranged from 176.4 to 299.9 us/cm (average 215.3 us/cm). Base-saturation percentage of the habitat soil was below 50%, bulk density 0.42g/$cm^2$, particle density 2.05g/$cm^2$, humus content 26%, total nitrogen 0.82%, available phosphate 4.2 mg/kg, exchangeable potassium 0.63 Cmol/kg, calcium 0.44 Cmol/kg and magnesium 0.67 Cmol/kg. Annual mean air temperature was $15.4^{\circ}C$, however, air temperature was ranged $11.7{\sim}18.2^{\circ}C$ in spring, $21.2{\sim}23.8^{\circ}C$ in summer, $12.8{\sim}22.0^{\circ}C$ in fall and $5.5{\sim}7.8^{\circ}C$ in winter season. Annual mean soil temperature at depth of 10cm was $13.2^{\circ}C$ And minimum value was recorded $4.7^{\circ}C$ on January, and maximum value $22.5^{\circ}C$ on August. Relative humidity was ranged 90.8~94.7% in summer, 80.8~91.5% in fall and 77.6~84.2% in winter season. Minimum value was 56.5% on December, and maximum value was 100% on July and August. Light intensities were ranged from 400 to 1,800 lux at the greater part of Cymbidium kanran sites in Jejudo. Summer regarded as an lower light intensities was recorded to be range of 500~600 lux; however, autumn and winter were shown higher light regimes ranged from 3,500 to 3,800 lux. Therefore, one must be suprised that the cymbidium grow at the light condition of 6 lux (minimum) or 10,000 lux (maximum). Tree species keeping higher frequency rate and density were Eurya japonica, Camellia japonica, Castanopsis cuspidata, Carpinus laxiflora and Pinus densiflora. Number of trees growing in a 5${\times}$5m quardrat was 35 as an average, and proportion of evergreen versus deciduous was 5:1. Distribution altitude of the orchid habitat was ranged from 120m (low) to 840m (high) from sea level on the south facing slope of Mt. Halla, and was ranged eastern borderline of Gujwaup, Bukjejugun to western boundaries of Jungmundong, Seogwipo city. For the stable conservation of Cymbidium kanran habitat, sunlight regimes must be increased more by means of cutting trees or twigs in the site.

환경친화적인 도로 비탈면 훼손지 복원을 위한 적정 식물배합에 관한 연구 - 생육보조재 취부 공법을 중심으로 - (Study on the Seeding Mixtures of the Restoration and Revegetation Works for making of Environmentally Friendly Road Slopes -Using the Thin-Layer-Soil-Media Hydroseeding System-)

  • 김남춘;허영진;김정훈
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제8권4호
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    • pp.81-90
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    • 2005
  • This study aimed to address problems and suggest solutions in applying seed mixture design criterior of the slope revegetation works according to "The guidelines of Slope revegetation design and construction" proposed by the Ministry of Construction and Transportation. To do this, the planting thickness was set to be the same 2cm while the composition of seeds was made different, which was planted in artificial slopes and fields. The main results were summarized as follows. In the test, when applying the provisional standards of the plant mixtures proposed by the Ministry of Construction and Transportation, tree seeds and native plants were found poor coverage effect in the early stage in all test plots due to introduced grasses. This was because introduced winter grasses which grew well in the early stage, could grow densely, so it might hamper the growth of other plants. Therefore, it was found desirable that standards for seed mixing should be adjusted down by 10% and the ratio of introduced grasses in the mixture should be lowered to 25% while native plants should increase to 20-25%.

한국의 전통적 기능성 식품의 이용에 대한 역사적 고찰 (The Historical Study of Korean Traditional Funtional Food)

  • 한복진
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제6권2호
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    • pp.235-255
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    • 1996
  • Natural substances, exploited in our daily life, have been applied to drugs to treat diseases and developed to functional foods by appropriate preparations, and these foods give beneficial effects on physical activities. In this paper, the utilization of traditional functional foods was studied with refer ring to old ancient writings published in the front-end of Chosun dynasty. The utilized vegetables were march mallow, turnip, radish, Chinese cabbage, lettuce, spinach, cucumber winter buds, flesh of a cabbage, eggplant, taro, burdock, Parsley, watershield plant, crown daisy, bamboo shoots, garlic, scallion, onion, acorn, bark of a tree, white goosefoot leaf, leaf of bean, pine mushroom, bracken. yam, mugwort, tea, ginseng, peppermint, fruit of the Maximowiczia chinensis, smartweed and pepper. The utilized fruits were chestnut, Chinese date, pine nuts, walnut, gingko nut, citrus. crab apple, pear, peach, grape, pomegranate, plum, Chinese quince, fig and watermelon. The utilized cereal were rice, barley, bean, buckweat and Job's-tears. The utilized sweetenings and seasonings were honey, wheat-gluten, sugar, oil, salt, soy sauce and vinegar. Our ancestors had a balanced diet using the various foods, and especially had a fundamental concept of "Foods have the efficacy of a remedy".edy".uot;.

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